mirror of
https://git.postgresql.org/git/postgresql.git
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2e2d17ed51
Oracle database to PostgreSQL.
It currently dump the database schema (tables, views, sequences,
indexes, grants), with primary, unique and foreign keys into PostgreSQL
syntax without editing the SQL code generated. You can dump only a
particular schema from the Oracle database.
Functions, procedures and triggers with SQL or PLSQL code generated must
be reviewed to match the PostgreSQL syntax. Some usefull recommandation
on porting Oracle to PostgreSQL can be found at
http://techdocs.postgresql.org/
under the "Converting from other Databases to PostgreSQL" Oracle part. I
just
notice one thing more is that the trunc() function in Oracle is the same for
number
or date so be carefull when porting to PostgreSQL to use trunc() for number
and
date_trunc() for date.
I will add more precision in type NUMBER conversion based on length to match
as closest as possible all rich PostgreSQL numerics type. But it seems not to be
urgent as it seems that Oracle DBAs only create number with length 22 (default)
Space seems not to be their problem...
Gilles DAROLD
595 lines
16 KiB
HTML
595 lines
16 KiB
HTML
<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>Ora2Pg - Oracle to PostgreSQL database schema converter</TITLE>
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<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:root@porky.devel.redhat.com">
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#NAME">NAME</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#ABSTRACT">ABSTRACT</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#REQUIREMENT">REQUIREMENT</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#PUBLIC_METHODS">PUBLIC METHODS</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#new_HASH_OPTIONS">new HASH_OPTIONS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#export_sql_FILENAME">export_sql FILENAME</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#PRIVATE_METHODS">PRIVATE METHODS</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#_init_HASH_OPTIONS">_init HASH_OPTIONS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_grants">_grants</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_sequences">_sequences</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_triggers">_triggers</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_functions">_functions</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_tables">_tables</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_views">_views</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_sql_data">_get_sql_data</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_sql_type_INTERNAL_TYPE_LENGTH">_sql_type INTERNAL_TYPE LENGTH</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_column_info_TABLE">_column_info TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_primary_key_TABLE">_primary_key TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_unique_key_TABLE">_unique_key TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_foreign_key_TABLE">_foreign_key TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_users">_get_users</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_roles">_get_roles</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_all_grants">_get_all_grants</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_indexes_TABLE">_get_indexes TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_sequences">_get_sequences</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_views">_get_views</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_triggers">_get_triggers</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_functions">_get_functions</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_table_info">_table_info</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#AUTHOR">AUTHOR</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#BUGS">BUGS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#SEE_ALSO">SEE ALSO</A>
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</UL>
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<!-- INDEX END -->
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<HR>
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<P>
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<H1><A NAME="NAME">NAME</A></H1>
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<P>
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Ora2Pg - Oracle to PostgreSQL database schema converter
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<PRE> BEGIN {
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$ENV{ORACLE_HOME} = '/usr/local/oracle/oracle816';
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}
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> use strict;
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> use Ora2Pg;
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> # Init the database connection
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my $dbsrc = 'dbi:Oracle:host=testdb.samse.fr;sid=TEST;port=1521';
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my $dbuser = 'system';
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my $dbpwd = 'manager';
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create the POSTGRESQL representation of all objects in the database
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$schema->export_schema("output.sql");
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> exit(0);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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or if you only want to extract some tables:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my @tables = ('tab1', 'tab2', 'tab3');
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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tables => \@tables,
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or # Tables to extract
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tables => [('tab1','tab2')],
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debug => 1 # To show somethings when running
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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or if you only want to extract the 10 first tables:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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max => 10 # 10 first tables to extract
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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or if you only want to extract tables 10 to 20:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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min => 10, # Begin extraction at indice 10
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max => 20 # End extraction at indice 20
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To choose a particular schema just set the following option to your schema
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name :
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<P>
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<PRE> schema => 'APPS'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To know at which indices table can be found during extraction use the
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option:
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<P>
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<PRE> showtableid => 1
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all views set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'VIEW'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all grants set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'GRANT'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all sequences set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'SEQUENCE'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all triggers set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'TRIGGER'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all functions set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'FUNCTION'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all procedures set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'PROCEDURE'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Default is table schema extraction
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'TABLE'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</A></H1>
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<P>
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Ora2Pg is a perl OO module used to export an Oracle database schema to a
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PostgreSQL compatible schema.
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<P>
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It simply connect to your Oracle database, extract its structure and
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generate a SQL script that you can load into your PostgreSQL database.
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<P>
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I'm not a Oracle DBA so I don't really know something about its internal
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structure so you may find some incorrect things. Please tell me what is
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wrong and what can be better.
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<P>
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It currently dump the database schema (tables, views, sequences, indexes,
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grants), with primary, unique and foreign keys into PostgreSQL syntax
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without editing the SQL code generated.
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<P>
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Functions, procedures and triggers PL/SQL code generated must be reviewed
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to match the PostgreSQL syntax. Some usefull recommandation on porting
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Oracle to PostgreSQL can be found at <A
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HREF="http://techdocs.postgresql.org/">http://techdocs.postgresql.org/</A>
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under the ``Converting from other Databases to PostgreSQL'' Oracle part. I
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just notice one thing more is that the <CODE>trunc()</CODE> function in
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Oracle is the same for number or date so be carefull when porting to
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PostgreSQL to use <CODE>trunc()</CODE> for number and
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<CODE>date_trunc()</CODE> for date.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="ABSTRACT">ABSTRACT</A></H1>
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<P>
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The goal of the Ora2Pg perl module is to cover all part needed to export an
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Oracle database to a PostgreSQL database without other thing that provide
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the connection parameters to the Oracle database.
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<P>
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Features must include:
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<P>
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<PRE> - Database schema export (tables, views, sequences, indexes),
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with unique, primary and foreign key.
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- Grants/privileges export by user and group.
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- Table selection (by name and max table) export.
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- Predefined functions/triggers/procedures export.
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- Sql query converter (todo)
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- Data export (todo)
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</PRE>
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<P>
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My knowledge regarding database is really poor especially for Oracle so
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contribution is welcome.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="REQUIREMENT">REQUIREMENT</A></H1>
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<P>
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You just need the DBI and DBD::Oracle perl module to be installed
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="PUBLIC_METHODS">PUBLIC METHODS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="new_HASH_OPTIONS">new HASH_OPTIONS</A></H2>
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<P>
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Creates a new Ora2Pg object.
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<P>
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Supported options are:
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<P>
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<PRE> - datasource : DBD datasource (required)
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- user : DBD user (optional with public access)
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- password : DBD password (optional with public access)
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- schema : Oracle internal schema to extract
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- type : Type of data to extract, can be TABLE,VIEW,GRANT,SEQUENCE,TRIGGER,FUNCTION,PROCEDURE
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- debug : Print the current state of the parsing
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- tables : Extract only the given tables (arrayref)
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- showtableid : Display only the table indice during extraction
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- min : Indice to begin extraction. Default to 0
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- max : Indice to end extraction. Default to 0 mean no limits
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Attempt that this list should grow a little more because all initialization
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is done by this way.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="export_sql_FILENAME">export_sql FILENAME</A></H2>
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<P>
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Print SQL conversion output to a filename or to STDOUT if no file is given.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="PRIVATE_METHODS">PRIVATE METHODS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_init_HASH_OPTIONS">_init HASH_OPTIONS</A></H2>
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<P>
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Initialize a Ora2Pg object instance with a connexion to the Oracle
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database.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_grants">_grants</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all privilege information.
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<P>
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It extract all Oracle's ROLES to convert them as Postgres groups and search
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all users associated to these roles.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{groups}. Set the main hash
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$self->{grantss}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_sequences">_sequences</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all sequences information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{sequences}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_triggers">_triggers</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all triggers information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{triggers}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_functions">_functions</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all functions information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{functions}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_tables">_tables</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all table information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash of the database structure $self->{tables}. Keys are
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the names of all tables retrieved from the current database. Each table
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information compose an array associated to the table_info key as array
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reference. In other way:
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<P>
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<PRE> $self->{tables}{$class_name}{table_info} = [(OWNER,TYPE)];
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</PRE>
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<P>
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DBI TYPE can be TABLE, VIEW, SYSTEM TABLE, GLOBAL TEMPORARY, LOCAL
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TEMPORARY, ALIAS, SYNONYM or a data source specific type identifier. This
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only extract TABLE type.
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<P>
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It also get the following informations in the DBI object to affect the main
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hash of the database structure :
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<P>
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<PRE> $self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_name} = $sth->{NAME};
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_type} = $sth->{TYPE};
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</PRE>
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<P>
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It also call these other private subroutine to affect the main hash of the
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database structure :
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<P>
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<PRE> @{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{column_info}} = $self->_column_info($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{primary_key}} = $self->_primary_key($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{unique_key}} = $self->_unique_key($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{foreign_key}} = $self->_foreign_key($class_name);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_views">_views</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all views information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash of the views definition $self->{views}. Keys are the
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names of all views retrieved from the current database values are the text
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definition of the views.
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<P>
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It then set the main hash as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Definition of the view
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$self->{views}{$table}{text} = $view_infos{$table};
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_sql_data">_get_sql_data</A></H2>
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<P>
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Returns a string containing the entire SQL Schema definition compatible
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with PostgreSQL
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_sql_type_INTERNAL_TYPE_LENGTH">_sql_type INTERNAL_TYPE LENGTH</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function return the PostgreSQL datatype corresponding to the Oracle
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internal type.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_column_info_TABLE">_column_info TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native column information.
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<P>
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Return a list of array reference containing the following informations for
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each column the given a table
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<P>
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[( column name, column type, column length, nullable column, default value
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)]
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_primary_key_TABLE">_primary_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native primary key column information.
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<P>
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Return a list of all column name defined as primary key for the given
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table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_unique_key_TABLE">_unique_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native unique key column information.
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<P>
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Return a list of all column name defined as unique key for the given table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_foreign_key_TABLE">_foreign_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native foreign key reference information.
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<P>
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Return a list of hash of hash of array reference. Ouuf! Nothing very
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difficult. The first hash is composed of all foreign key name. The second
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hash just have two key known as 'local' and remote' corresponding to the
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local table where the foreign key is defined and the remote table where the
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key refer.
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<P>
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The foreign key name is composed as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> 'local_table_name->remote_table_name'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Foreign key data consist in two array representing at the same indice the
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local field and the remote field where the first one refer to the second.
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Just like this:
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<P>
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<PRE> @{$link{$fkey_name}{local}} = @local_columns;
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@{$link{$fkey_name}{remote}} = @remote_columns;
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_users">_get_users</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native users information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all users as an array.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_roles">_get_roles</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native roles information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all groups (roles) as an array of associated users.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_all_grants">_get_all_grants</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native user privilege information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all tables grants as an array of associated users.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_indexes_TABLE">_get_indexes TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native indexes information.
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<P>
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Return hash of array containing all unique index and a hash of array of all
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indexes name which are not primary keys for the given table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_sequences">_get_sequences</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native sequences information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of array of sequence name with MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE,
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INCREMENT and LAST_NUMBER for the given table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_views">_get_views</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native views information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of view name with the SQL query it is based on.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_triggers">_get_triggers</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native triggers information.
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<P>
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Return an array of refarray of all triggers informations
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_functions">_get_functions</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native functions information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all function name with their PLSQL code
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_table_info">_table_info</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function retrieve all Oracle-native tables information.
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<P>
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Return a handle to a DB query statement
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="AUTHOR">AUTHOR</A></H1>
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<P>
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Gilles Darold <<A
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HREF="mailto:gilles@darold.net">gilles@darold.net</A>>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</A></H1>
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<P>
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Copyright (c) 2001 Gilles Darold - All rights reserved.
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<P>
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This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the same terms as Perl itself.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="BUGS">BUGS</A></H1>
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<P>
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This perl module is in the same state as my knowledge regarding database,
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it can move and not be compatible with older version so I will do my best
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to give you official support for Ora2Pg. Your volontee to help construct it
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and your contribution are welcome.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="SEE_ALSO">SEE ALSO</A></H1>
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<P>
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<EM>DBI</EM>, <A HREF="/DBD/Oracle.html">DBD::Oracle</A>
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