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Fix and improve several places in the docs
This adds some missing markups, fixes a couple of incorrect ones and clarifies some documentation in various places. Author: Liudmila Mantrova Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/a068f947-7a51-5df1-b3fd-1a131ae5c044@postgrespro.ru Backpatch-through: 12
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@ -962,10 +962,10 @@ SELECT * FROM pg_stop_backup(false, true);
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The process for an exclusive backup is mostly the same as for a
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non-exclusive one, but it differs in a few key steps. This type of
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backup can only be taken on a primary and does not allow concurrent
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backups. Moreover, because it writes a backup_label file on the
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master, it can cause the master to fail to restart automatically after
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a crash. On the other hand, the erroneous removal of a backup_label
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file from a backup or standby is a common mistake which can result
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backups. Moreover, because it creates a backup label file, as
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described below, it can block automatic restart of the master server
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after a crash. On the other hand, the erroneous removal of this
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file from a backup or standby is a common mistake, which can result
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in serious data corruption. If it is necessary to use this method,
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the following steps may be used.
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</para>
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@ -1025,10 +1025,10 @@ SELECT pg_start_backup('label', true);
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</para>
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<para>
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As noted above, if the server crashes during the backup it may not be
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possible to restart until the <literal>backup_label</literal> file has
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possible to restart until the <filename>backup_label</filename> file has
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been manually deleted from the <envar>PGDATA</envar> directory. Note
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that it is very important to never remove the
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<literal>backup_label</literal> file when restoring a backup, because
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<filename>backup_label</filename> file when restoring a backup, because
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this will result in corruption. Confusion about when it is appropriate
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to remove this file is a common cause of data corruption when using this
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method; be very certain that you remove the file only on an existing
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@ -1075,7 +1075,7 @@ SELECT pg_stop_backup();
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lack of disk space, failure to call <function>pg_stop_backup</function>
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will leave the server in backup mode indefinitely, causing future backups
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to fail and increasing the risk of a restart failure during the time that
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<literal>backup_label</literal> exists.
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<filename>backup_label</filename> exists.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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@ -137,14 +137,11 @@
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</biblioentry>
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<biblioentry id="sqltr-19075-6">
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<title>SQL Technical Report</title>
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<title><ulink url="http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/c067367_ISO_IEC_TR_19075-6_2017.zip">SQL Technical Report</ulink></title>
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<subtitle>Part 6: SQL support for JavaScript Object
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Notation (JSON)</subtitle>
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<edition>First Edition.</edition>
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<biblioid>
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<ulink url="http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/c067367_ISO_IEC_TR_19075-6_2017.zip"></ulink>.
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</biblioid>
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<pubdate>2017.</pubdate>
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<edition>First Edition</edition>
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<pubdate>2017</pubdate>
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</biblioentry>
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</bibliodiv>
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@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ ALTER FOREIGN TABLE [ IF EXISTS ] <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceab
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Backward compatibility syntax for removing the <literal>oid</literal>
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system column. As oid system columns cannot be added anymore, this never
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has an effect.
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system column. As <literal>oid</literal> system columns cannot be added
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anymore, this never has an effect.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
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to be written safely to disk. This option causes
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<command>pg_checksums</command> to return without waiting, which is
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faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave
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the updated data folder corrupt. Generally, this option is useful
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the updated data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is useful
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for testing but should not be used on a production installation.
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This option has no effect when using <literal>--check</literal>.
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</para>
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@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
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<term><option>--extra-float-digits=<replaceable class="parameter">ndigits</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Use the specified value of extra_float_digits when dumping
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Use the specified value of <option>extra_float_digits</option> when dumping
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floating-point data, instead of the maximum available precision.
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Routine dumps made for backup purposes should not use this option.
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</para>
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@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
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to be written safely to disk. This option causes
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<command>pg_rewind</command> to return without waiting, which is
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faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave
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the synchronized data folder corrupt. Generally, this option is
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the synchronized data directory corrupt. Generally, this option is
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useful for testing but should not be used when creating a production
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installation.
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</para>
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@ -474,10 +474,10 @@ pgbench <optional> <replaceable>options</replaceable> </optional> <replaceable>d
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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Because in "prepared" mode <application>pgbench</application> reuses
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the parse analysis result for the second and subsequent query
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iteration, <application>pgbench</application> runs faster in the
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prepared mode than in other modes.
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In the <literal>prepared</literal> mode, <application>pgbench</application>
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reuses the parse analysis result starting from the second query
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iteration, so <application>pgbench</application> runs faster
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than in other modes.
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</para>
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<para>
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The default is simple query protocol. (See <xref linkend="protocol"/>
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@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ REINDEX [ ( VERBOSE ) ] { INDEX | TABLE | SCHEMA | DATABASE | SYSTEM } [ CONCURR
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<para>
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When this option is used, <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> will rebuild the
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index without taking any locks that prevent concurrent inserts,
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updates, or deletes on the table; whereas a standard reindex build
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updates, or deletes on the table; whereas a standard index rebuild
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locks out writes (but not reads) on the table until it's done.
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There are several caveats to be aware of when using this option
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— see <xref linkend="sql-reindex-concurrently"
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@ -280,12 +280,12 @@ REINDEX [ ( VERBOSE ) ] { INDEX | TABLE | SCHEMA | DATABASE | SYSTEM } [ CONCURR
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of writes. This method is invoked by specifying the
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<literal>CONCURRENTLY</literal> option of <command>REINDEX</command>. When this option
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is used, <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> must perform two scans of the table
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for each index that needs to be rebuild and in addition it must wait for
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all existing transactions that could potentially use the index to
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terminate. This method requires more total work than a standard index
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for each index that needs to be rebuilt and wait for termination of
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all existing transactions that could potentially use the index.
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This method requires more total work than a standard index
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rebuild and takes significantly longer to complete as it needs to wait
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for unfinished transactions that might modify the index. However, since
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it allows normal operations to continue while the index is rebuilt, this
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it allows normal operations to continue while the index is being rebuilt, this
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method is useful for rebuilding indexes in a production environment. Of
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course, the extra CPU, memory and I/O load imposed by the index rebuild
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may slow down other operations.
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@ -442,8 +442,8 @@ broken_db=> \q
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</programlisting></para>
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<para>
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Rebuild a table while authorizing read and write operations on involved
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relations when performed:
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Rebuild indexes for a table, without blocking read and write operations
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on involved relations while reindexing is in progress:
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<programlisting>
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REINDEX TABLE CONCURRENTLY my_broken_table;
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