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Improve discussion of consistent-snapshot backup technique. Haphazard

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editing of this text had left nearly contradictory statements in
adjacent paragraphs ...
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Tom Lane 2004-01-19 20:12:30 +00:00
parent b195c10df7
commit 163edee632
1 changed files with 21 additions and 9 deletions
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doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
<!-- <!--
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml,v 2.33 2004/01/11 05:46:58 neilc Exp $ $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml,v 2.34 2004/01/19 20:12:30 tgl Exp $
--> -->
<chapter id="backup"> <chapter id="backup">
<title>Backup and Restore</title> <title>Backup and Restore</title>
@ -331,9 +331,7 @@ tar -cf backup.tar /usr/local/pgsql/data
The database server <emphasis>must</> be shut down in order to The database server <emphasis>must</> be shut down in order to
get a usable backup. Half-way measures such as disallowing all get a usable backup. Half-way measures such as disallowing all
connections will not work as there is always some buffering connections will not work as there is always some buffering
going on. For this reason it is also not advisable to trust file going on. Information about stopping the server can be
systems that claim to support <quote>consistent
snapshots</quote>. Information about stopping the server can be
found in <xref linkend="postmaster-shutdown">. Needless to say found in <xref linkend="postmaster-shutdown">. Needless to say
that you also need to shut down the server before restoring the that you also need to shut down the server before restoring the
data. data.
@ -342,8 +340,8 @@ tar -cf backup.tar /usr/local/pgsql/data
<listitem> <listitem>
<para> <para>
If you have dug into the details of the file system layout of the data you If you have dug into the details of the file system layout of the
may be tempted to try to back up or restore only certain database, you may be tempted to try to back up or restore only certain
individual tables or databases from their respective files or individual tables or databases from their respective files or
directories. This will <emphasis>not</> work because the directories. This will <emphasis>not</> work because the
information contained in these files contains only half the information contained in these files contains only half the
@ -362,16 +360,30 @@ tar -cf backup.tar /usr/local/pgsql/data
<para> <para>
An alternative file-system backup approach is to make a An alternative file-system backup approach is to make a
<quote>consistent snapshot</quote> of the data directory, if the <quote>consistent snapshot</quote> of the data directory, if the
file system supports that functionality. Such a snapshot will save file system supports that functionality (and you are willing to
trust that it is implemented correctly). The typical procedure is
to make a <quote>frozen snapshot</> of the volume containing the
database, then copy the whole data directory (not just parts, see
above) from the snapshot to a backup device, then release the frozen
snapshot. This will work even while the database server is running.
However, a backup created in this way saves
the database files in a state where the database server was not the database files in a state where the database server was not
properly shut down; therefore, when you start the database server properly shut down; therefore, when you start the database server
on this backed up directory, it will think the server had crashed on the backed-up data, it will think the server had crashed
and replay the WAL log. This is not a problem, just be aware of and replay the WAL log. This is not a problem, just be aware of
it. it.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
Note that the file system backup will not necessarily be If your database is spread across multiple volumes (for example,
data files and WAL log on different disks) there may not be any way
to obtain exactly-simultaneous frozen snapshots of all the volumes.
Read your filesystem documentation very carefully before trusting
to the consistent-snapshot technique in such situations.
</para>
<para>
Note that a file system backup will not necessarily be
smaller than an SQL dump. On the contrary, it will most likely be smaller than an SQL dump. On the contrary, it will most likely be
larger. (<application>pg_dump</application> does not need to dump larger. (<application>pg_dump</application> does not need to dump
the contents of indexes for example, just the commands to recreate the contents of indexes for example, just the commands to recreate