openssl/crypto/rsa/rsa_pk1.c
Matt Caswell d9a7510747 Teach the RSA implementation about TLS RSA Key Transport
In TLSv1.2 a pre-master secret value is passed from the client to the
server encrypted using RSA PKCS1 type 2 padding in a ClientKeyExchange
message. As well as the normal formatting rules for RSA PKCA1 type 2
padding TLS imposes some additional rules about what constitutes a well
formed key. Specifically it must be exactly the right length and
encode the TLS version originally requested by the client (as opposed to
the actual negotiated version) in its first two bytes.

All of these checks need to be done in constant time and, if they fail,
then the TLS implementation is supposed to continue anyway with a random
key (and therefore the connection will fail later on). This avoids
padding oracle type attacks.

This commit implements this within the RSA padding code so that we keep
all the constant time padding logic in one place. A later commit will
remove it from libssl.

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tmraz@fedoraproject.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/10411)
2019-12-05 16:12:18 +00:00

379 lines
13 KiB
C

/*
* Copyright 1995-2019 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
* this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
* in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
* https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
*/
#include "internal/constant_time.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <openssl/bn.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>
/* Just for the SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH value */
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include "internal/cryptlib.h"
#include "crypto/rsa.h"
int RSA_padding_add_PKCS1_type_1(unsigned char *to, int tlen,
const unsigned char *from, int flen)
{
int j;
unsigned char *p;
if (flen > (tlen - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE)) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_ADD_PKCS1_TYPE_1,
RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_KEY_SIZE);
return 0;
}
p = (unsigned char *)to;
*(p++) = 0;
*(p++) = 1; /* Private Key BT (Block Type) */
/* pad out with 0xff data */
j = tlen - 3 - flen;
memset(p, 0xff, j);
p += j;
*(p++) = '\0';
memcpy(p, from, (unsigned int)flen);
return 1;
}
int RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_1(unsigned char *to, int tlen,
const unsigned char *from, int flen,
int num)
{
int i, j;
const unsigned char *p;
p = from;
/*
* The format is
* 00 || 01 || PS || 00 || D
* PS - padding string, at least 8 bytes of FF
* D - data.
*/
if (num < RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE)
return -1;
/* Accept inputs with and without the leading 0-byte. */
if (num == flen) {
if ((*p++) != 0x00) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_1,
RSA_R_INVALID_PADDING);
return -1;
}
flen--;
}
if ((num != (flen + 1)) || (*(p++) != 0x01)) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_1,
RSA_R_BLOCK_TYPE_IS_NOT_01);
return -1;
}
/* scan over padding data */
j = flen - 1; /* one for type. */
for (i = 0; i < j; i++) {
if (*p != 0xff) { /* should decrypt to 0xff */
if (*p == 0) {
p++;
break;
} else {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_1,
RSA_R_BAD_FIXED_HEADER_DECRYPT);
return -1;
}
}
p++;
}
if (i == j) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_1,
RSA_R_NULL_BEFORE_BLOCK_MISSING);
return -1;
}
if (i < 8) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_1,
RSA_R_BAD_PAD_BYTE_COUNT);
return -1;
}
i++; /* Skip over the '\0' */
j -= i;
if (j > tlen) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_1, RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE);
return -1;
}
memcpy(to, p, (unsigned int)j);
return j;
}
int RSA_padding_add_PKCS1_type_2(unsigned char *to, int tlen,
const unsigned char *from, int flen)
{
int i, j;
unsigned char *p;
if (flen > (tlen - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE)) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_ADD_PKCS1_TYPE_2,
RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_KEY_SIZE);
return 0;
}
p = (unsigned char *)to;
*(p++) = 0;
*(p++) = 2; /* Public Key BT (Block Type) */
/* pad out with non-zero random data */
j = tlen - 3 - flen;
if (RAND_bytes(p, j) <= 0)
return 0;
for (i = 0; i < j; i++) {
if (*p == '\0')
do {
if (RAND_bytes(p, 1) <= 0)
return 0;
} while (*p == '\0');
p++;
}
*(p++) = '\0';
memcpy(p, from, (unsigned int)flen);
return 1;
}
int RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_2(unsigned char *to, int tlen,
const unsigned char *from, int flen,
int num)
{
int i;
/* |em| is the encoded message, zero-padded to exactly |num| bytes */
unsigned char *em = NULL;
unsigned int good, found_zero_byte, mask;
int zero_index = 0, msg_index, mlen = -1;
if (tlen <= 0 || flen <= 0)
return -1;
/*
* PKCS#1 v1.5 decryption. See "PKCS #1 v2.2: RSA Cryptography Standard",
* section 7.2.2.
*/
if (flen > num || num < RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_2,
RSA_R_PKCS_DECODING_ERROR);
return -1;
}
em = OPENSSL_malloc(num);
if (em == NULL) {
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_2, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
return -1;
}
/*
* Caller is encouraged to pass zero-padded message created with
* BN_bn2binpad. Trouble is that since we can't read out of |from|'s
* bounds, it's impossible to have an invariant memory access pattern
* in case |from| was not zero-padded in advance.
*/
for (from += flen, em += num, i = 0; i < num; i++) {
mask = ~constant_time_is_zero(flen);
flen -= 1 & mask;
from -= 1 & mask;
*--em = *from & mask;
}
good = constant_time_is_zero(em[0]);
good &= constant_time_eq(em[1], 2);
/* scan over padding data */
found_zero_byte = 0;
for (i = 2; i < num; i++) {
unsigned int equals0 = constant_time_is_zero(em[i]);
zero_index = constant_time_select_int(~found_zero_byte & equals0,
i, zero_index);
found_zero_byte |= equals0;
}
/*
* PS must be at least 8 bytes long, and it starts two bytes into |em|.
* If we never found a 0-byte, then |zero_index| is 0 and the check
* also fails.
*/
good &= constant_time_ge(zero_index, 2 + 8);
/*
* Skip the zero byte. This is incorrect if we never found a zero-byte
* but in this case we also do not copy the message out.
*/
msg_index = zero_index + 1;
mlen = num - msg_index;
/*
* For good measure, do this check in constant time as well.
*/
good &= constant_time_ge(tlen, mlen);
/*
* Move the result in-place by |num|-RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE-|mlen| bytes to the left.
* Then if |good| move |mlen| bytes from |em|+RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE to |to|.
* Otherwise leave |to| unchanged.
* Copy the memory back in a way that does not reveal the size of
* the data being copied via a timing side channel. This requires copying
* parts of the buffer multiple times based on the bits set in the real
* length. Clear bits do a non-copy with identical access pattern.
* The loop below has overall complexity of O(N*log(N)).
*/
tlen = constant_time_select_int(constant_time_lt(num - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE, tlen),
num - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE, tlen);
for (msg_index = 1; msg_index < num - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE; msg_index <<= 1) {
mask = ~constant_time_eq(msg_index & (num - RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE - mlen), 0);
for (i = RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE; i < num - msg_index; i++)
em[i] = constant_time_select_8(mask, em[i + msg_index], em[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < tlen; i++) {
mask = good & constant_time_lt(i, mlen);
to[i] = constant_time_select_8(mask, em[i + RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE], to[i]);
}
OPENSSL_clear_free(em, num);
RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_PADDING_CHECK_PKCS1_TYPE_2, RSA_R_PKCS_DECODING_ERROR);
err_clear_last_constant_time(1 & good);
return constant_time_select_int(good, mlen, -1);
}
/*
* rsa_padding_check_PKCS1_type_2_TLS() checks and removes the PKCS1 type 2
* padding from a decrypted RSA message in a TLS signature. The result is stored
* in the buffer pointed to by |to| which should be |tlen| bytes long. |tlen|
* must be at least SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH. The original decrypted message
* should be stored in |from| which must be |flen| bytes in length and padded
* such that |flen == RSA_size()|. The TLS protocol version that the client
* originally requested should be passed in |client_version|. Some buggy clients
* can exist which use the negotiated version instead of the originally
* requested protocol version. If it is necessary to work around this bug then
* the negotiated protocol version can be passed in |alt_version|, otherwise 0
* should be passed.
*
* If the passed message is publicly invalid or some other error that can be
* treated in non-constant time occurs then -1 is returned. On success the
* length of the decrypted data is returned. This will always be
* SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH. If an error occurs that should be treated in
* constant time then this function will appear to return successfully, but the
* decrypted data will be randomly generated (as per
* https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.4.7.1).
*/
int rsa_padding_check_PKCS1_type_2_TLS(unsigned char *to, size_t tlen,
const unsigned char *from, size_t flen,
int client_version, int alt_version)
{
unsigned int i, good, version_good;
unsigned char rand_premaster_secret[SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH];
/*
* If these checks fail then either the message in publicly invalid, or
* we've been called incorrectly. We can fail immediately.
*/
if (flen < RSA_PKCS1_PADDING_SIZE + SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH
|| tlen < SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH) {
ERR_raise(ERR_LIB_RSA, RSA_R_PKCS_DECODING_ERROR);
return -1;
}
/*
* Generate a random premaster secret to use in the event that we fail
* to decrypt.
*/
if (RAND_priv_bytes(rand_premaster_secret,
sizeof(rand_premaster_secret)) <= 0) {
ERR_raise(ERR_LIB_RSA, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
return -1;
}
good = constant_time_is_zero(from[0]);
good &= constant_time_eq(from[1], 2);
/* Check we have the expected padding data */
for (i = 2; i < flen - SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH - 1; i++)
good &= ~constant_time_is_zero_8(from[i]);
good &= constant_time_is_zero_8(from[flen - SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH - 1]);
/*
* If the version in the decrypted pre-master secret is correct then
* version_good will be 0xff, otherwise it'll be zero. The
* Klima-Pokorny-Rosa extension of Bleichenbacher's attack
* (http://eprint.iacr.org/2003/052/) exploits the version number
* check as a "bad version oracle". Thus version checks are done in
* constant time and are treated like any other decryption error.
*/
version_good =
constant_time_eq(from[flen - SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH],
(client_version >> 8) & 0xff);
version_good &=
constant_time_eq(from[flen - SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH + 1],
client_version & 0xff);
/*
* The premaster secret must contain the same version number as the
* ClientHello to detect version rollback attacks (strangely, the
* protocol does not offer such protection for DH ciphersuites).
* However, buggy clients exist that send the negotiated protocol
* version instead if the server does not support the requested
* protocol version. If SSL_OP_TLS_ROLLBACK_BUG is set then we tolerate
* such clients. In that case alt_version will be non-zero and set to
* the negotiated version.
*/
if (alt_version > 0) {
unsigned int workaround_good;
workaround_good =
constant_time_eq(from[flen - SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH],
(alt_version >> 8) & 0xff);
workaround_good &=
constant_time_eq(from[flen - SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH + 1],
alt_version & 0xff);
version_good |= workaround_good;
}
good &= version_good;
/*
* Now copy the result over to the to buffer if good, or random data if
* not good.
*/
for (i = 0; i < SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH; i++) {
to[i] =
constant_time_select_8(good,
from[flen - SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH + i],
rand_premaster_secret[i]);
}
/*
* We must not leak whether a decryption failure occurs because of
* Bleichenbacher's attack on PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA padding (see RFC 2246,
* section 7.4.7.1). The code follows that advice of the TLS RFC and
* generates a random premaster secret for the case that the decrypt
* fails. See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.4.7.1
* So, whether we actually succeeded or not, return success.
*/
return SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH;
}