mirror of
https://github.com/openssl/openssl.git
synced 2024-11-21 01:15:20 +08:00
3142c86d65
list. Allow CERTIFICATE to be used in PEM headers for PKCS#7 structures: some CAs do this.
343 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
343 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
=pod
|
|
|
|
=head1 NAME
|
|
|
|
ciphers - SSL cipher display and cipher list tool.
|
|
|
|
=head1 SYNOPSIS
|
|
|
|
B<openssl> B<ciphers>
|
|
[B<-v>]
|
|
[B<-ssl2>]
|
|
[B<-ssl3>]
|
|
[B<-tls1>]
|
|
[B<cipherlist>]
|
|
|
|
=head1 DESCRIPTION
|
|
|
|
The B<cipherlist> command converts OpenSSL cipher lists into ordered
|
|
SSL cipher preference lists. It can be used as a test tool to determine
|
|
the appropriate cipherlist.
|
|
|
|
=head1 COMMAND OPTIONS
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<-v>
|
|
|
|
verbose option. List ciphers with a complete description of the authentication,
|
|
key exchange, encryption and mac algorithms used along with any key size
|
|
restrictions and whether the algorithm is classed as an "export" cipher.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-ssl3>
|
|
|
|
only include SSL v3 ciphers.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-ssl2>
|
|
|
|
only include SSL v2 ciphers.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-tls1>
|
|
|
|
only include TLS v1 ciphers.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-h>, B<-?>
|
|
|
|
print a brief usage message.
|
|
|
|
=item B<cipherlist>
|
|
|
|
a cipher list to convert to a cipher preference list. If it is not included
|
|
then the default cipher list will be used. The format is described below.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 CIPHER LIST FORMAT
|
|
|
|
The cipher list consists of one or more I<cipher strings> separated by colons.
|
|
Commas or spaces are also acceptable separators but colons are normally used.
|
|
|
|
The actual cipher string can take several different forms.
|
|
|
|
It can consist of a single cipher suite such as B<RC4-SHA>.
|
|
|
|
It can represent a list of cipher suites containing a certain algorithm, or
|
|
cipher suites of a certain type. For example B<SHA1> represents all ciphers
|
|
suites using the digest algorithm SHA1 and B<SSLv3> represents all SSL v3
|
|
algorithms.
|
|
|
|
Lists of cipher suites can be combined in a single cipher string using the
|
|
B<+> character. This is used as a logical B<and> operation. For example
|
|
B<SHA1+DES> represents all cipher suites containing the SHA1 B<and> the DES
|
|
algorithms.
|
|
|
|
Each cipher string can be optionally preceded by the characters B<!>,
|
|
B<-> or B<+>.
|
|
|
|
If B<!> is used then the ciphers are permanently deleted from the list.
|
|
The ciphers deleted can never reappear in the list even if they are
|
|
explicitly stated.
|
|
|
|
If B<-> is used then the ciphers are deleted from the list, but some or
|
|
all of the ciphers can be added again by later options.
|
|
|
|
If B<+> is used then the ciphers are moved to the end of the list. This
|
|
option doesn't add any new ciphers it just moves matching existing ones.
|
|
|
|
If none of these characters is present then the string is just interpreted
|
|
as a list of ciphers to be appended to the current preference list. If the
|
|
list includes any ciphers already present they will be ignored: that is they
|
|
will not moved to the end of the list.
|
|
|
|
Additionally the cipher string B<@STRENGTH> can be used at any point to sort
|
|
the current cipher list in order of encryption algorithm key length.
|
|
|
|
=head1 CIPHER STRINGS
|
|
|
|
The following is a list of all permitted cipher strings and their meanings.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<DEFAULT>
|
|
|
|
the default cipher list. This is determined at compile time and is normally
|
|
B<ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+SSLv2:@STRENGTH>. This must be the first cipher string
|
|
specified.
|
|
|
|
=item B<ALL>
|
|
|
|
all ciphers suites except the B<eNULL> ciphers which must be explicitly enabled.
|
|
|
|
=item B<HIGH>
|
|
|
|
"high" encryption cipher suites. This currently means those with key lengths larger
|
|
than 128 bits.
|
|
|
|
=item B<MEDIUM>
|
|
|
|
"medium" encryption cipher suites, currently those using 128 bit encryption.
|
|
|
|
=item B<LOW>
|
|
|
|
"low" encryption cipher suites, currently those using 64 or 56 bit encryption algorithms
|
|
but excluding export cipher suites.
|
|
|
|
=item B<EXP>, B<EXPORT>
|
|
|
|
export encryption algorithms. Including 40 and 56 bits algorithms.
|
|
|
|
=item B<EXPORT40>
|
|
|
|
40 bit export encryption algorithms
|
|
|
|
=item B<EXPORT56>
|
|
|
|
56 bit export encryption algorithms.
|
|
|
|
=item B<eNULL>, B<NULL>
|
|
|
|
the "NULL" ciphers that is those offering no encryption. Because these offer no
|
|
encryption at all and are a security risk they are disabled unless explicitly
|
|
included.
|
|
|
|
=item B<aNULL>
|
|
|
|
the cipher suites offering no authentication. This is currently the anonymous
|
|
DH algorithms. These cipher suites are vulnerable to a "man in the middle"
|
|
attack and so their use is normally discouraged.
|
|
|
|
=item B<kRSA>, B<RSA>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using RSA key exchange.
|
|
|
|
=item B<kEDH>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using ephemeral DH key agreement.
|
|
|
|
=item B<kDHr>, B<kDHd>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using DH key agreement and DH certificates signed by CAs with RSA
|
|
and DSS keys respectively. Not implemented.
|
|
|
|
=item B<aRSA>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using RSA authentication, i.e. the certificates carry RSA keys.
|
|
|
|
=item B<aDSS>, B<DSS>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using DSS authentication, i.e. the certificates carry DSS keys.
|
|
|
|
=item B<aDH>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites effectively using DH authentication, i.e. the certificates carry
|
|
DH keys. Not implemented.
|
|
|
|
=item B<kFZA>, B<aFZA>, B<eFZA>, B<FZA>
|
|
|
|
ciphers suites using FORTEZZA key exchange, authentication, encryption or all
|
|
FORTEZZA algorithms. Not implemented.
|
|
|
|
=item B<TLSv1>, B<SSLv3>, B<SSLv2>
|
|
|
|
TLS v1.0, SSL v3.0 or SSL v2.0 cipher suites respectively.
|
|
|
|
=item B<DH>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using DH, including anonymous DH.
|
|
|
|
=item B<ADH>
|
|
|
|
anonymous DH cipher suites.
|
|
|
|
=item B<3DES>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using triple DES.
|
|
|
|
=item B<DES>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using DES (not triple DES).
|
|
|
|
=item B<RC4>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using RC4.
|
|
|
|
=item B<RC2>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using RC2.
|
|
|
|
=item B<IDEA>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using IDEA.
|
|
|
|
=item B<MD5>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using MD5.
|
|
|
|
=item B<SHA1>, B<SHA>
|
|
|
|
cipher suites using SHA1.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 CIPHER SUITE NAMES
|
|
|
|
The following lists give the SSL or TLS cipher suites names from the
|
|
relevant specification and their OpenSSL equivalents.
|
|
|
|
=head2 SSL v3.0 cipher suites.
|
|
|
|
SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5 NULL-MD5
|
|
SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA NULL-SHA
|
|
SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 EXP-RC4-MD5
|
|
SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 RC4-MD5
|
|
SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA RC4-SHA
|
|
SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5 EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5
|
|
SSL_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA IDEA-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
|
|
SSL_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EDH-DSS-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
|
|
SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 EXP-ADH-RC4-MD5
|
|
SSL_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 ADH-RC4-MD5
|
|
SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
SSL_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
|
|
SSL_FORTEZZA_KEA_WITH_NULL_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_FORTEZZA_KEA_WITH_FORTEZZA_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
SSL_FORTEZZA_KEA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
|
|
=head2 TLS v1.0 cipher suites.
|
|
|
|
TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5 NULL-MD5
|
|
TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA NULL-SHA
|
|
TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 EXP-RC4-MD5
|
|
TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 RC4-MD5
|
|
TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA RC4-SHA
|
|
TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5 EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5
|
|
TLS_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA IDEA-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
|
|
TLS_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
TLS_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
|
|
TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EDH-DSS-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
|
|
TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 EXP-ADH-RC4-MD5
|
|
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 ADH-RC4-MD5
|
|
TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
|
|
=head2 Additional Export 1024 and other cipher suites
|
|
|
|
Note: these ciphers can also be used in SSL v3.
|
|
|
|
TLS_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EXP1024-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA EXP1024-RC4-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EXP1024-DHE-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA EXP1024-DHE-DSS-RC4-SHA
|
|
TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA DHE-DSS-RC4-SHA
|
|
|
|
=head2 SSL v2.0 cipher suites.
|
|
|
|
SSL_CK_RC4_128_WITH_MD5 RC4-MD5
|
|
SSL_CK_RC4_128_EXPORT40_WITH_MD5 EXP-RC4-MD5
|
|
SSL_CK_RC2_128_CBC_WITH_MD5 RC2-MD5
|
|
SSL_CK_RC2_128_CBC_EXPORT40_WITH_MD5 EXP-RC2-MD5
|
|
SSL_CK_IDEA_128_CBC_WITH_MD5 IDEA-CBC-MD5
|
|
SSL_CK_DES_64_CBC_WITH_MD5 DES-CBC-MD5
|
|
SSL_CK_DES_192_EDE3_CBC_WITH_MD5 DES-CBC3-MD5
|
|
|
|
=head1 NOTES
|
|
|
|
The non-ephemeral DH modes are currently unimplemented in OpenSSL
|
|
because there is no support for DH certificates.
|
|
|
|
Some compiled versions of OpenSSL may not include all the ciphers
|
|
listed here because some ciphers were excluded at compile time.
|
|
|
|
=head1 EXAMPLES
|
|
|
|
Verbose listing of all OpenSSL ciphers including NULL ciphers:
|
|
|
|
openssl ciphers -v 'ALL:eNULL'
|
|
|
|
Include all ciphers except NULL and anonymous DH then sort by
|
|
strength:
|
|
|
|
openssl ciphers -v 'ALL:!ADH:@STRENGTH'
|
|
|
|
Include only 3DES ciphers and then place RSA ciphers last:
|
|
|
|
openssl ciphers -v '3DES:+RSA'
|
|
|
|
=head1 SEE ALSO
|
|
|
|
L<s_client(1)|s_client(1)>, L<s_server(1)|s_server(1)>, L<ssl(3)|ssl(3)>
|
|
|
|
=cut
|