mirror of
https://github.com/openssl/openssl.git
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263 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
263 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
=pod
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=head1 NAME
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OPENSSL_malloc_init,
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OPENSSL_malloc, OPENSSL_aligned_alloc, OPENSSL_zalloc, OPENSSL_realloc,
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OPENSSL_free, OPENSSL_clear_realloc, OPENSSL_clear_free, OPENSSL_cleanse,
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CRYPTO_malloc, CRYPTO_aligned_alloc, CRYPTO_zalloc, CRYPTO_realloc, CRYPTO_free,
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OPENSSL_strdup, OPENSSL_strndup,
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OPENSSL_memdup, OPENSSL_strlcpy, OPENSSL_strlcat, OPENSSL_strtoul,
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CRYPTO_strdup, CRYPTO_strndup,
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OPENSSL_mem_debug_push, OPENSSL_mem_debug_pop,
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CRYPTO_mem_debug_push, CRYPTO_mem_debug_pop,
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CRYPTO_clear_realloc, CRYPTO_clear_free,
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CRYPTO_malloc_fn, CRYPTO_realloc_fn, CRYPTO_free_fn,
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CRYPTO_get_mem_functions, CRYPTO_set_mem_functions,
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CRYPTO_get_alloc_counts,
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CRYPTO_set_mem_debug, CRYPTO_mem_ctrl,
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CRYPTO_mem_leaks, CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp, CRYPTO_mem_leaks_cb,
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OPENSSL_MALLOC_FAILURES,
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OPENSSL_MALLOC_FD
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- Memory allocation functions
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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#include <openssl/crypto.h>
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int OPENSSL_malloc_init(void);
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void *OPENSSL_malloc(size_t num);
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void *OPENSSL_aligned_alloc(size_t num, size_t alignment, void **freeptr);
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void *OPENSSL_zalloc(size_t num);
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void *OPENSSL_realloc(void *addr, size_t num);
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void OPENSSL_free(void *addr);
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char *OPENSSL_strdup(const char *str);
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char *OPENSSL_strndup(const char *str, size_t s);
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size_t OPENSSL_strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size);
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size_t OPENSSL_strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size);
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int OPENSSL_strtoul(char *src, char **endptr, int base, unsigned long *num);
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void *OPENSSL_memdup(void *data, size_t s);
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void *OPENSSL_clear_realloc(void *p, size_t old_len, size_t num);
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void OPENSSL_clear_free(void *str, size_t num);
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void OPENSSL_cleanse(void *ptr, size_t len);
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void *CRYPTO_malloc(size_t num, const char *file, int line);
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void *CRYPTO_aligned_alloc(size_t num, size_t align, void **freeptr,
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const char *file, int line);
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void *CRYPTO_zalloc(size_t num, const char *file, int line);
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void *CRYPTO_realloc(void *p, size_t num, const char *file, int line);
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void CRYPTO_free(void *str, const char *, int);
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char *CRYPTO_strdup(const char *p, const char *file, int line);
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char *CRYPTO_strndup(const char *p, size_t num, const char *file, int line);
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void *CRYPTO_clear_realloc(void *p, size_t old_len, size_t num,
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const char *file, int line);
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void CRYPTO_clear_free(void *str, size_t num, const char *, int);
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typedef void *(*CRYPTO_malloc_fn)(size_t num, const char *file, int line);
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typedef void *(*CRYPTO_realloc_fn)(void *addr, size_t num, const char *file,
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int line);
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typedef void (*CRYPTO_free_fn)(void *addr, const char *file, int line);
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void CRYPTO_get_mem_functions(CRYPTO_malloc_fn *malloc_fn,
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CRYPTO_realloc_fn *realloc_fn,
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CRYPTO_free_fn *free_fn);
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int CRYPTO_set_mem_functions(CRYPTO_malloc_fn malloc_fn,
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CRYPTO_realloc_fn realloc_fn,
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CRYPTO_free_fn free_fn);
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void CRYPTO_get_alloc_counts(int *mcount, int *rcount, int *fcount);
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env OPENSSL_MALLOC_FAILURES=... <application>
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env OPENSSL_MALLOC_FD=... <application>
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The following functions have been deprecated since OpenSSL 3.0, and can be
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hidden entirely by defining B<OPENSSL_API_COMPAT> with a suitable version value,
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see L<openssl_user_macros(7)>:
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int CRYPTO_mem_leaks(BIO *b);
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int CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp(FILE *fp);
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int CRYPTO_mem_leaks_cb(int (*cb)(const char *str, size_t len, void *u),
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void *u);
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int CRYPTO_set_mem_debug(int onoff);
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int CRYPTO_mem_ctrl(int mode);
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int OPENSSL_mem_debug_push(const char *info);
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int OPENSSL_mem_debug_pop(void);
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int CRYPTO_mem_debug_push(const char *info, const char *file, int line);
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int CRYPTO_mem_debug_pop(void);
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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OpenSSL memory allocation is handled by the B<OPENSSL_xxx> API. These are
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generally macro's that add the standard C B<__FILE__> and B<__LINE__>
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parameters and call a lower-level B<CRYPTO_xxx> API.
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Some functions do not add those parameters, but exist for consistency.
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OPENSSL_malloc_init() does nothing and does not need to be called. It is
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included for compatibility with older versions of OpenSSL.
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OPENSSL_malloc(), OPENSSL_realloc(), and OPENSSL_free() are like the
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C malloc(), realloc(), and free() functions.
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OPENSSL_zalloc() calls memset() to zero the memory before returning.
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OPENSSL_aligned_alloc() operates just as OPENSSL_malloc does, but it
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allows for the caller to specify an alignment value, for instances in
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which the default alignment of malloc is insufficient for the callers
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needs. Note, the alignment value must be a power of 2, and the size
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specified must be a multiple of the alignment.
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NOTE: The call to OPENSSL_aligned_alloc() accepts a 3rd argument, I<freeptr>
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which must point to a void pointer. On some platforms, there is no available
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library call to obtain memory allocations greater than what malloc provides. In
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this case, OPENSSL_aligned_alloc implements its own alignment routine,
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allocating additional memory and offsetting the returned pointer to be on the
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requested alignment boundary. In order to safely free allocations made by this
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method, the caller must return the value in the I<freeptr> variable, rather than
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the returned pointer.
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OPENSSL_clear_realloc() and OPENSSL_clear_free() should be used
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when the buffer at B<addr> holds sensitive information.
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The old buffer is filled with zero's by calling OPENSSL_cleanse()
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before ultimately calling OPENSSL_free(). If the argument to OPENSSL_free() is
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NULL, nothing is done.
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OPENSSL_cleanse() fills B<ptr> of size B<len> with a string of 0's.
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Use OPENSSL_cleanse() with care if the memory is a mapping of a file.
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If the storage controller uses write compression, then it's possible
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that sensitive tail bytes will survive zeroization because the block of
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zeros will be compressed. If the storage controller uses wear leveling,
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then the old sensitive data will not be overwritten; rather, a block of
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0's will be written at a new physical location.
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OPENSSL_strdup(), OPENSSL_strndup() and OPENSSL_memdup() are like the
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equivalent C functions, except that memory is allocated by calling the
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OPENSSL_malloc() and should be released by calling OPENSSL_free().
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OPENSSL_strlcpy(),
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OPENSSL_strlcat() and OPENSSL_strnlen() are equivalents of the common C
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library functions and are provided for portability.
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OPENSSL_strtoul() is a wrapper around the POSIX function strtoul, with the same
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behaviors listed in the POSIX documentation, with the additional behavior that
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it validates the input I<str> and I<num> parameters for not being NULL, and confirms
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that at least a single byte of input has been consumed in the translation,
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returning an error in the event that no bytes were consumed.
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If no allocations have been done, it is possible to "swap out" the default
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implementations for OPENSSL_malloc(), OPENSSL_realloc() and OPENSSL_free()
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and replace them with alternate versions.
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CRYPTO_get_mem_functions() function fills in the given arguments with the
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function pointers for the current implementations.
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With CRYPTO_set_mem_functions(), you can specify a different set of functions.
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If any of B<malloc_fn>, B<realloc_fn>, or B<free_fn> are NULL, then
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the function is not changed.
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While it's permitted to swap out only a few and not all the functions
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with CRYPTO_set_mem_functions(), it's recommended to swap them all out
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at once.
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If the library is built with the C<crypto-mdebug> option, then one
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function, CRYPTO_get_alloc_counts(), and two additional environment
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variables, B<OPENSSL_MALLOC_FAILURES> and B<OPENSSL_MALLOC_FD>,
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are available.
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The function CRYPTO_get_alloc_counts() fills in the number of times
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each of CRYPTO_malloc(), CRYPTO_realloc(), and CRYPTO_free() have been
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called, into the values pointed to by B<mcount>, B<rcount>, and B<fcount>,
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respectively. If a pointer is NULL, then the corresponding count is not stored.
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The variable
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B<OPENSSL_MALLOC_FAILURES> controls how often allocations should fail.
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It is a set of fields separated by semicolons, which each field is a count
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(defaulting to zero) and an optional atsign and percentage (defaulting
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to 100). If the count is zero, then it lasts forever. For example,
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C<100;@25> or C<100@0;0@25> means the first 100 allocations pass, then all
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other allocations (until the program exits or crashes) have a 25% chance of
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failing.
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If the variable B<OPENSSL_MALLOC_FD> is parsed as a positive integer, then
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it is taken as an open file descriptor. This is used in conjunction with
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B<OPENSSL_MALLOC_FAILURES> described above. For every allocation it will log
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details about how many allocations there have been so far, what percentage
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chance there is for this allocation failing, and whether it has actually failed.
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The following example in classic shell syntax shows how to use this (will not
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work on all platforms):
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OPENSSL_MALLOC_FAILURES='200;@10'
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export OPENSSL_MALLOC_FAILURES
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OPENSSL_MALLOC_FD=3
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export OPENSSL_MALLOC_FD
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...app invocation... 3>/tmp/log$$
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=head1 RETURN VALUES
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OPENSSL_malloc_init(), OPENSSL_free(), OPENSSL_clear_free()
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CRYPTO_free(), CRYPTO_clear_free() and CRYPTO_get_mem_functions()
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return no value.
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OPENSSL_malloc(), OPENSSL_aligned_alloc(), OPENSSL_zalloc(), OPENSSL_realloc(),
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OPENSSL_clear_realloc(),
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CRYPTO_malloc(), CRYPTO_zalloc(), CRYPTO_realloc(),
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CRYPTO_clear_realloc(),
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OPENSSL_strdup(), and OPENSSL_strndup()
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return a pointer to allocated memory or NULL on error.
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CRYPTO_set_mem_functions() returns 1 on success or 0 on failure (almost
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always because allocations have already happened).
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CRYPTO_mem_leaks(), CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp(), CRYPTO_mem_leaks_cb(),
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CRYPTO_set_mem_debug(), and CRYPTO_mem_ctrl() are deprecated and are no-ops that
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always return -1.
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OPENSSL_mem_debug_push(), OPENSSL_mem_debug_pop(),
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CRYPTO_mem_debug_push(), and CRYPTO_mem_debug_pop()
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are deprecated and are no-ops that always return 0.
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OPENSSL_strtoul() returns 1 on success and 0 in the event that an error has
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occurred. Specifically, 0 is returned in the following events:
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=over 4
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=item *
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If the underlying call to strtoul returned a non zero errno value
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=item *
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If the translation did not consume the entire input string, and the passed
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endptr value was NULL
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=item *
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If no characters were consumed in the translation
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=back
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Note that a success condition does not imply that the expected
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translation has been performed. For instance calling
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OPENSSL_strtoul("0x12345", &endptr, 10, &num);
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will result in a successful translation with num having the value 0, and
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*endptr = 'x'. Be sure to validate how much data was consumed when calling this
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function.
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=head1 HISTORY
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OPENSSL_mem_debug_push(), OPENSSL_mem_debug_pop(),
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CRYPTO_mem_debug_push(), CRYPTO_mem_debug_pop(),
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CRYPTO_mem_leaks(), CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp(),
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CRYPTO_mem_leaks_cb(), CRYPTO_set_mem_debug(), CRYPTO_mem_ctrl()
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were deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.
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The memory-leak checking has been deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0 in favor of
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clang's memory and leak sanitizer.
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OPENSSL_aligned_alloc(), CRYPTO_aligned_alloc() were added in OpenSSL 3.4.0
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=head1 COPYRIGHT
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Copyright 2016-2024 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
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Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
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this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
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in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
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L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
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=cut
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