mirror of
https://github.com/openssl/openssl.git
synced 2024-12-09 05:51:54 +08:00
9b62318311
PR: 1054
180 lines
5.2 KiB
Plaintext
180 lines
5.2 KiB
Plaintext
|
|
=pod
|
|
|
|
=head1 NAME
|
|
|
|
CA.pl - friendlier interface for OpenSSL certificate programs
|
|
|
|
=head1 SYNOPSIS
|
|
|
|
B<CA.pl>
|
|
[B<-?>]
|
|
[B<-h>]
|
|
[B<-help>]
|
|
[B<-newcert>]
|
|
[B<-newreq>]
|
|
[B<-newreq-nodes>]
|
|
[B<-newca>]
|
|
[B<-xsign>]
|
|
[B<-sign>]
|
|
[B<-signreq>]
|
|
[B<-signcert>]
|
|
[B<-verify>]
|
|
[B<files>]
|
|
|
|
=head1 DESCRIPTION
|
|
|
|
The B<CA.pl> script is a perl script that supplies the relevant command line
|
|
arguments to the B<openssl> command for some common certificate operations.
|
|
It is intended to simplify the process of certificate creation and management
|
|
by the use of some simple options.
|
|
|
|
=head1 COMMAND OPTIONS
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<?>, B<-h>, B<-help>
|
|
|
|
prints a usage message.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-newcert>
|
|
|
|
creates a new self signed certificate. The private key and certificate are
|
|
written to the file "newreq.pem".
|
|
|
|
=item B<-newreq>
|
|
|
|
creates a new certificate request. The private key and request are
|
|
written to the file "newreq.pem".
|
|
|
|
=item B<-newreq-nodes>
|
|
|
|
is like B<-newreq> except that the private key will not be encrypted.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-newca>
|
|
|
|
creates a new CA hierarchy for use with the B<ca> program (or the B<-signcert>
|
|
and B<-xsign> options). The user is prompted to enter the filename of the CA
|
|
certificates (which should also contain the private key) or by hitting ENTER
|
|
details of the CA will be prompted for. The relevant files and directories
|
|
are created in a directory called "demoCA" in the current directory.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-pkcs12>
|
|
|
|
create a PKCS#12 file containing the user certificate, private key and CA
|
|
certificate. It expects the user certificate and private key to be in the
|
|
file "newcert.pem" and the CA certificate to be in the file demoCA/cacert.pem,
|
|
it creates a file "newcert.p12". This command can thus be called after the
|
|
B<-sign> option. The PKCS#12 file can be imported directly into a browser.
|
|
If there is an additional argument on the command line it will be used as the
|
|
"friendly name" for the certificate (which is typically displayed in the browser
|
|
list box), otherwise the name "My Certificate" is used.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-sign>, B<-signreq>, B<-xsign>
|
|
|
|
calls the B<ca> program to sign a certificate request. It expects the request
|
|
to be in the file "newreq.pem". The new certificate is written to the file
|
|
"newcert.pem" except in the case of the B<-xsign> option when it is written
|
|
to standard output.
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item B<-signCA>
|
|
|
|
this option is the same as the B<-signreq> option except it uses the configuration
|
|
file section B<v3_ca> and so makes the signed request a valid CA certificate. This
|
|
is useful when creating intermediate CA from a root CA.
|
|
|
|
=item B<-signcert>
|
|
|
|
this option is the same as B<-sign> except it expects a self signed certificate
|
|
to be present in the file "newreq.pem".
|
|
|
|
=item B<-verify>
|
|
|
|
verifies certificates against the CA certificate for "demoCA". If no certificates
|
|
are specified on the command line it tries to verify the file "newcert.pem".
|
|
|
|
=item B<files>
|
|
|
|
one or more optional certificate file names for use with the B<-verify> command.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 EXAMPLES
|
|
|
|
Create a CA hierarchy:
|
|
|
|
CA.pl -newca
|
|
|
|
Complete certificate creation example: create a CA, create a request, sign
|
|
the request and finally create a PKCS#12 file containing it.
|
|
|
|
CA.pl -newca
|
|
CA.pl -newreq
|
|
CA.pl -signreq
|
|
CA.pl -pkcs12 "My Test Certificate"
|
|
|
|
=head1 DSA CERTIFICATES
|
|
|
|
Although the B<CA.pl> creates RSA CAs and requests it is still possible to
|
|
use it with DSA certificates and requests using the L<req(1)|req(1)> command
|
|
directly. The following example shows the steps that would typically be taken.
|
|
|
|
Create some DSA parameters:
|
|
|
|
openssl dsaparam -out dsap.pem 1024
|
|
|
|
Create a DSA CA certificate and private key:
|
|
|
|
openssl req -x509 -newkey dsa:dsap.pem -keyout cacert.pem -out cacert.pem
|
|
|
|
Create the CA directories and files:
|
|
|
|
CA.pl -newca
|
|
|
|
enter cacert.pem when prompted for the CA file name.
|
|
|
|
Create a DSA certificate request and private key (a different set of parameters
|
|
can optionally be created first):
|
|
|
|
openssl req -out newreq.pem -newkey dsa:dsap.pem
|
|
|
|
Sign the request:
|
|
|
|
CA.pl -signreq
|
|
|
|
=head1 NOTES
|
|
|
|
Most of the filenames mentioned can be modified by editing the B<CA.pl> script.
|
|
|
|
If the demoCA directory already exists then the B<-newca> command will not
|
|
overwrite it and will do nothing. This can happen if a previous call using
|
|
the B<-newca> option terminated abnormally. To get the correct behaviour
|
|
delete the demoCA directory if it already exists.
|
|
|
|
Under some environments it may not be possible to run the B<CA.pl> script
|
|
directly (for example Win32) and the default configuration file location may
|
|
be wrong. In this case the command:
|
|
|
|
perl -S CA.pl
|
|
|
|
can be used and the B<OPENSSL_CONF> environment variable changed to point to
|
|
the correct path of the configuration file "openssl.cnf".
|
|
|
|
The script is intended as a simple front end for the B<openssl> program for use
|
|
by a beginner. Its behaviour isn't always what is wanted. For more control over the
|
|
behaviour of the certificate commands call the B<openssl> command directly.
|
|
|
|
=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
|
|
|
|
The variable B<OPENSSL_CONF> if defined allows an alternative configuration
|
|
file location to be specified, it should contain the full path to the
|
|
configuration file, not just its directory.
|
|
|
|
=head1 SEE ALSO
|
|
|
|
L<x509(1)|x509(1)>, L<ca(1)|ca(1)>, L<req(1)|req(1)>, L<pkcs12(1)|pkcs12(1)>,
|
|
L<config(5)|config(5)>
|
|
|
|
=cut
|