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INSTALLATION ON THE UNIX PLATFORM
---------------------------------
[For instructions for compiling OpenSSL on Windows systems, see INSTALL.W32].
To install OpenSSL, you will need:
* Perl 5
* an ANSI C compiler
* a supported Unix operating system
Quick Start
-----------
If you want to just get on with it, do:
$ ./config
$ make
$ make test
$ make install
[If any of these steps fails, see section Installation in Detail below.]
This will build and install OpenSSL in the default location, which is (for
historical reasons) /usr/local/ssl. If you want to install it anywhere else,
run config like this:
$ ./config --prefix=/usr/local --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl
Configuration Options
---------------------
There are several options to ./config to customize the build:
--prefix=DIR Install in DIR/bin, DIR/lib, DIR/include/openssl.
Configuration files used by OpenSSL will be in DIR/ssl
or the directory specified by --openssldir.
--openssldir=DIR Directory for OpenSSL files. If no prefix is specified,
the library files and binaries are also installed there.
rsaref Build with RSADSI's RSAREF toolkit (this assumes that
librsaref.a is in the library search path).
no-threads Don't try to build with support for multi-threaded
applications.
threads Build with support for multi-threaded applications.
This will usually require additional system-dependent options!
See "Note on multi-threading" below.
no-asm Do not use assembler code.
386 Use the 80386 instruction set only (the default x86 code is
more efficient, but requires at least a 486).
no-<cipher> Build without the specified cipher (bf, cast, des, dh, dsa,
hmac, md2, md5, mdc2, rc2, rc4, rc5, rsa, sha).
-Dxxx, -lxxx, -Lxxx, -fxxx, -Kxxx These system specific options will
be passed through to the compiler to allow you to
define preprocessor symbols, specify additional libraries,
library directories or other compiler options.
Installation in Detail
----------------------
1a. Configure OpenSSL for your operation system automatically:
$ ./config [options]
This guesses at your operating system (and compiler, if necessary) and
configures OpenSSL based on this guess. Run ./config -t to see
if it guessed correctly. If it did not get it correct or you want to
use a different compiler then go to step 1b. Otherwise go to step 2.
On some systems, you can include debugging information as follows:
$ ./config -d [options]
1b. Configure OpenSSL for your operating system manually
OpenSSL knows about a range of different operating system, hardware and
compiler combinations. To see the ones it knows about, run
$ ./Configure
Pick a suitable name from the list that matches your system. For most
operating systems there is a choice between using "cc" or "gcc". When
you have identified your system (and if necessary compiler) use this name
as the argument to ./Configure. For example, a "linux-elf" user would
run:
$ ./Configure linux-elf [options]
If your system is not available, you will have to edit the Configure
program and add the correct configuration for your system. The
generic configurations "cc" or "gcc" should usually work.
Configure creates the file Makefile.ssl from Makefile.org and
defines various macros in crypto/opensslconf.h (generated from
crypto/opensslconf.h.in).
2. Build OpenSSL by running:
$ make
This will build the OpenSSL libraries (libcrypto.a and libssl.a) and the
OpenSSL binary ("openssl"). The libraries will be built in the top-level
directory, and the binary will be in the "apps" directory.
If "make" fails, please report the problem to <openssl-bugs@openssl.org>.
Include the output of "./config -t" and the OpenSSL version
number in your message.
3. After a successful build, the libraries should be tested. Run:
$ make test
If a test fails, try removing any compiler optimization flags from
the CFLAGS line in Makefile.ssl and run "make clean; make". Please
send a bug report to <openssl-bugs@openssl.org>, including the
output of "openssl version -a" and of the failed test.
4. If everything tests ok, install OpenSSL with
$ make install
This will create the installation directory (if it does not exist) and
then create the following subdirectories:
certs Initially empty, this is the default location
for certificate files.
lib Contains the OpenSSL configuration file "openssl.cnf".
misc Various scripts.
private Initially empty, this is the default location
for private key files.
If you didn't chose a different installation prefix, lib also contains
the library files themselves, and the following additional subdirectories
will be created:
bin Contains the openssl binary and a few other
utility programs.
include/openssl Contains the header files needed if you want to
compile programs with libcrypto or libssl.
Package builders who want to configure the library for standard
locations, but have the package installed somewhere else so that
it can easily be packaged, can use
$ make INSTALL_PREFIX=/tmp/package-root install
(or specify "--install_prefix=/tmp/package-root" as a configure
option). The specified prefix will be prepended to all
installation target filenames.
NOTE: The header files used to reside directly in the include
directory, but have now been moved to include/openssl so that
OpenSSL can co-exist with other libraries which use some of the
same filenames. This means that applications that use OpenSSL
should now use C preprocessor directives of the form
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
instead of "#include <ssl.h>", which was used with library versions
up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b.
If you install a new version of OpenSSL over an old library version,
you should delete the old header files in the include directory.
Compatibility issues:
* COMPILING existing applications
To compile an application that uses old filenames -- e.g.
"#include <ssl.h>" --, it will usually be enough to find
the CFLAGS definition in the application's Makefile and
add a C option such as
-I/usr/local/ssl/include/openssl
to it.
But don't delete the existing -I option that points to
the ..../include directory! Otherwise, OpenSSL header files
could not #include each other.
* WRITING applications
To write an application that is able to handle both the new
and the old directory layout, so that it can still be compiled
with library versions up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b without bothering
the user, you can proceed as follows:
- Always use the new filename of OpenSSL header files,
e.g. #include <openssl/ssl.h>.
- Create a directory "incl" that contains only a symbolic
link named "openssl", which points to the "include" directory
of OpenSSL.
For example, your application's Makefile might contain the
following rule, if OPENSSLDIR is a pathname (absolute or
relative) of the directory where OpenSSL resides:
incl/openssl:
-mkdir incl
cd $(OPENSSLDIR) # Check whether the directory really exists
-ln -s `cd $(OPENSSLDIR); pwd`/include incl/openssl
You will have to add "incl/openssl" to the dependencies
of those C files that include some OpenSSL header file.
- Add "-Iincl" to your CFLAGS.
With these additions, the OpenSSL header files will be available
under both name variants if an old library version is used:
Your application can reach them under names like <openssl/foo.h>,
while the header files still are able to #include each other
with names of the form <foo.h>.
Note on multi-threading
-----------------------
For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what compiler options
are needed to generate a library that is suitable for multi-threaded
applications. On these systems, support for multi-threading is enabled
by default; use the "no-threads" option to disable (this should never be
necessary).
On other systems, to enable support for multi-threading, you will have
to specifiy at least two options: "threads", and a system-dependent option.
(The latter is "-D_REENTRANT" on various systems.) The default in this
case, obviously, is not to include support for multi-threading (but
you can still use "no-threads" to suppress an annoying warning message
from the Configure script.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The orignal Unix build instructions from SSLeay follow.
Note: some of this may be out of date and no longer applicable
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# When bringing the SSLeay distribution back from the evil intel world
# of Windows NT, do the following to make it nice again under unix :-)
# You don't normally need to run this.
sh util/fixNT.sh # This only works for NT now - eay - 21-Jun-1996
# If you have perl, and it is not in /usr/local/bin, you can run
perl util/perlpath.pl /new/path
# and this will fix the paths in all the scripts. DO NOT put
# /new/path/perl, just /new/path. The build
# environment always run scripts as 'perl perlscript.pl' but some of the
# 'applications' are easier to usr with the path fixed.
# Edit crypto/cryptlib.h, tools/c_rehash, and Makefile.ssl
# to set the install locations if you don't like
# the default location of /usr/local/ssl
# Do this by running
perl util/ssldir.pl /new/ssl/home
# if you have perl, or by hand if not.
# If things have been stuffed up with the sym links, run
make -f Makefile.ssl links
# This will re-populate lib/include with symlinks and for each
# directory, link Makefile to Makefile.ssl
# Setup the machine dependent stuff for the top level makefile
# and some select .h files
# If you don't have perl, this will bomb, in which case just edit the
# top level Makefile.ssl
./Configure 'system type'
# The 'Configure' command contains default configuration parameters
# for lots of machines. Configure edits 5 lines in the top level Makefile
# It modifies the following values in the following files
Makefile.ssl CC CFLAG EX_LIBS BN_MULW
crypto/des/des.h DES_LONG
crypto/des/des_locl.h DES_PTR
crypto/md2/md2.h MD2_INT
crypto/rc4/rc4.h RC4_INT
crypto/rc4/rc4_enc.c RC4_INDEX
crypto/rc2/rc2.h RC2_INT
crypto/bf/bf_locl.h BF_INT
crypto/idea/idea.h IDEA_INT
crypto/bn/bn.h BN_LLONG (and defines one of SIXTY_FOUR_BIT,
SIXTY_FOUR_BIT_LONG, THIRTY_TWO_BIT,
SIXTEEN_BIT or EIGHT_BIT)
Please remember that all these files are actually copies of the file with
a .org extention. So if you change crypto/des/des.h, the next time
you run Configure, it will be runover by a 'configured' version of
crypto/des/des.org. So to make the changer the default, change the .org
files. The reason these files have to be edited is because most of
these modifications change the size of fundamental data types.
While in theory this stuff is optional, it often makes a big
difference in performance and when using assember, it is importaint
for the 'Bignum bits' match those required by the assember code.
A warning for people using gcc with sparc cpu's. Gcc needs the -mv8
flag to use the hardware multiply instruction which was not present in
earlier versions of the sparc CPU. I define it by default. If you
have an old sparc, and it crashes, try rebuilding with this flag
removed. I am leaving this flag on by default because it makes
things run 4 times faster :-)
# clean out all the old stuff
make clean
# Do a make depend only if you have the makedepend command installed
# This is not needed but it does make things nice when developing.
make depend
# make should build everything
make
# fix up the demo certificate hash directory if it has been stuffed up.
make rehash
# test everything
make test
# install the lot
make install
# It is worth noting that all the applications are built into the one
# program, ssleay, which is then has links from the other programs
# names to it.
# The applicatons can be built by themselves, just don't define the
# 'MONOLITH' flag. So to build the 'enc' program stand alone,
gcc -O2 -Iinclude apps/enc.c apps/apps.c libcrypto.a
# Other useful make options are
make makefile.one
# which generate a 'makefile.one' file which will build the complete
# SSLeay distribution with temp. files in './tmp' and 'installable' files
# in './out'
# Have a look at running
perl util/mk1mf.pl help
# this can be used to generate a single makefile and is about the only
# way to generate makefiles for windows.
# There is actually a final way of building SSLeay.
gcc -O2 -c -Icrypto -Iinclude crypto/crypto.c
gcc -O2 -c -Issl -Iinclude ssl/ssl.c
# and you now have the 2 libraries as single object files :-).
# If you want to use the assember code for your particular platform
# (DEC alpha/x86 are the main ones, the other assember is just the
# output from gcc) you will need to link the assember with the above generated
# object file and also do the above compile as
gcc -O2 -DBN_ASM -c -Icrypto -Iinclude crypto/crypto.c
This last option is probably the best way to go when porting to another
platform or building shared libraries. It is not good for development so
I don't normally use it.
To build shared libararies under unix, have a look in shlib, basically
you are on your own, but it is quite easy and all you have to do
is compile 2 (or 3) files.
For mult-threading, have a read of doc/threads.doc. Again it is quite
easy and normally only requires some extra callbacks to be defined
by the application.
The examples for solaris and windows NT/95 are in the mt directory.
have fun
eric 25-Jun-1997
IRIX 5.x will build as a 32 bit system with mips1 assember.
IRIX 6.x will build as a 64 bit system with mips3 assember. It conforms
to n32 standards. In theory you can compile the 64 bit assember under
IRIX 5.x but you will have to have the correct system software installed.
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