Also, some readers of the code find starting the count at 1 for EE
cert confusing (since RFC5280 counts only non-self-issued intermediate
CAs, but we also counted the leaf). Therefore, never count the EE
cert, and adjust the path length comparison accordinly. This may
be more clear to the reader.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
At the bottom of https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#page-12 and
top of https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#page-13 (last paragraph
of above https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#section-3.3), we see:
This specification covers two classes of certificates: CA
certificates and end entity certificates. CA certificates may be
further divided into three classes: cross-certificates, self-issued
certificates, and self-signed certificates. Cross-certificates are
CA certificates in which the issuer and subject are different
entities. Cross-certificates describe a trust relationship between
the two CAs. Self-issued certificates are CA certificates in which
the issuer and subject are the same entity. Self-issued certificates
are generated to support changes in policy or operations. Self-
signed certificates are self-issued certificates where the digital
signature may be verified by the public key bound into the
certificate. Self-signed certificates are used to convey a public
key for use to begin certification paths. End entity certificates
are issued to subjects that are not authorized to issue certificates.
that the term "self-issued" is only applicable to CAs, not end-entity
certificates. In https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#section-4.2.1.9
the description of path length constraints says:
The pathLenConstraint field is meaningful only if the cA boolean is
asserted and the key usage extension, if present, asserts the
keyCertSign bit (Section 4.2.1.3). In this case, it gives the
maximum number of non-self-issued intermediate certificates that may
follow this certificate in a valid certification path. (Note: The
last certificate in the certification path is not an intermediate
certificate, and is not included in this limit. Usually, the last
certificate is an end entity certificate, but it can be a CA
certificate.)
This makes it clear that exclusion of self-issued certificates from
the path length count applies only to some *intermediate* CA
certificates. A leaf certificate whether it has identical issuer
and subject or whether it is a CA or not is never part of the
intermediate certificate count. The handling of all leaf certificates
must be the same, in the case of our code to post-increment the
path count by 1, so that we ultimately reach a non-self-issued
intermediate it will be the first one (not zeroth) in the chain
of intermediates.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Only check the CN against DNS name contraints if the
`X509_CHECK_FLAG_NEVER_CHECK_SUBJECT` flag is not set, and either the
certificate has no DNS subject alternative names or the
`X509_CHECK_FLAG_ALWAYS_CHECK_SUBJECT` flag is set.
Add pertinent documentation, and touch up some stale text about
name checks and DANE.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
This guards against the name constraints check consuming large amounts
of CPU time when certificates in the presented chain contain an
excessive number of names (specifically subject email names or subject
alternative DNS names) and/or name constraints.
Name constraints checking compares the names presented in a certificate
against the name constraints included in a certificate higher up in the
chain using two nested for loops.
Move the name constraints check so that it happens after signature
verification so peers cannot exploit this using a chain with invalid
signatures. Also impose a hard limit on the number of name constraints
check loop iterations to further mitigate the issue.
Thanks to NCC for finding this issue. Fix written by Martin Kreichgauer.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Andy Polyakov <appro@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/4393)
return true for characters > 127. I.e. they are allowing extended ASCII
characters through which then cause problems. E.g. marking superscript '2' as
a number then causes the common (ch - '0') conversion to number to fail
miserably. Likewise letters with diacritical marks can also cause problems.
If a non-ASCII character set is being used (currently only EBCDIC), it is
adjusted for.
The implementation uses a single table with a bit for each of the defined
classes. These functions accept an int argument and fail for
values out of range or for characters outside of the ASCII set. They will
work for both signed and unsigned character inputs.
Reviewed-by: Andy Polyakov <appro@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/4102)
Make signature security level checking more flexible by using
X509_get_signaure_info(): some signature methods (e.g. PSS, ED25519)
do not indicate the signing digest (if any) in the signature OID.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/3301)
Because proxy certificates typically come without any CRL information,
trying to check revocation on them will fail. Better not to try
checking such information for them at all.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Remove current_method: it was intended as a means of retrying
lookups bit it was never used. Now that X509_verify_cert() is
a "one shot" operation it can never work as intended.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
We only add setters for X509_STORE function pointers except for the
verify callback function. The thought is that the function pointers
in X509_STORE_CTX are a cache for the X509_STORE functions.
Therefore, it's preferable if the user makes the changes in X509_STORE
before X509_STORE_CTX_init is called, and otherwise use the verify
callback to override any results from OpenSSL's internal
calculations.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
If two CRLs are equivalent then use the one with a later lastUpdate field:
this will result in the newest CRL available being used.
RT#4615
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
In light of potential UKS (unknown key share) attacks on some
applications, primarily browsers, despite RFC761, name checks are
by default applied with DANE-EE(3) TLSA records. Applications for
which UKS is not a problem can optionally disable DANE-EE(3) name
checks via the new SSL_CTX_dane_set_flags() and friends.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
New hostname checking function asn1_valid_host()
Check commonName entries against nameConstraints: any CN components in
EE certificate which look like hostnames are checked against
nameConstraints.
Note that RFC5280 et al only require checking subject alt name against
DNS name constraints.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
When the proxy cert code was initially added, some application authors
wanted to get them verified without having to change their code, so a
check of the env var OPENSSL_ALLOW_PROXY_CERTS was added.
Since then, the use of this variable has become irrelevant, as it's
likely that code has been changed since, so it's time it gets removed.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Andy Polyakov <appro@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/1264)
While travelling up the certificate chain, the internal
proxy_path_length must be updated with the pCPathLengthConstraint
value, or verification will not work properly. This corresponds to
RFC 3820, 4.1.4 (a).
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
The subject name MUST be the same as the issuer name, with a single CN
entry added.
RT#1852
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
Set ctx->error = X509_V_ERR_OUT_OF_MEM when verificaiton cannot
continue due to malloc failure. Also, when X509_verify_cert()
returns <= 0 make sure that the verification status does not remain
X509_V_OK, as a last resort set it it to X509_V_ERR_UNSPECIFIED,
just in case some code path returns an error without setting an
appropriate value of ctx->error.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Coverity reports a potential NULL deref when "2 0 0" DANE trust-anchors
from DNS are configured via SSL_dane_tlsa_add() and X509_STORE_CTX_init()
is called with a NULL stack of untrusted certificates.
Since ssl_verify_cert_chain() always provideds a non-NULL stack of
untrusted certs, and no other code path enables DANE, the problem
can only happen in applications that use SSL_CTX_set_cert_verify_callback()
to implement their own wrappers around X509_verify_cert() passing
only the leaf certificate to the latter.
Regardless of the "improbability" of the problem, we do need to
ensure that build_chain() handles this case correctly.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Make OBJ_name_cmp internal
Rename idea_xxx to IDEA_xxx
Rename get_rfc_xxx to BN_get_rfc_xxx
Rename v3_addr and v3_asid functions to X509v3_...
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Make X509_OBJECT, X509_STORE_CTX, X509_STORE, X509_LOOKUP,
and X509_LOOKUP_METHOD opaque.
Remove unused X509_CERT_FILE_CTX
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
A new X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_auth_level() function sets the
authentication security level. For verification of SSL peers, this
is automatically set from the SSL security level. Otherwise, for
now, the authentication security level remains at (effectively) 0
by default.
The new "-auth_level" verify(1) option is available in all the
command-line tools that support the standard verify(1) options.
New verify(1) tests added to check enforcement of chain signature
and public key security levels. Also added new tests of enforcement
of the verify_depth limit.
Updated documentation.
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
Previously, it was sufficient to have certSign in keyUsage when the
basicConstraints extension was missing. That is still accepted in
a trust anchor, but is no longer accepted in an intermediate CA.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
This was a developer debugging feature and was never a useful public
interface.
Added all missing X509 error codes to the verify(1) manpage, but
many still need a description beyond the associated text string.
Sorted the errors in x509_txt.c by error number.
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
As documented both SSL_get0_dane_authority() and SSL_get0_dane_tlsa()
are expected to return a negative match depth and nothing else when
verification fails. However, this only happened when verification
failed during chain construction. Errors in verification of the
constructed chain did not have the intended effect on these functions.
This commit updates the functions to check for verify_result ==
X509_V_OK, and no longer erases any accumulated match information
when chain construction fails. Sophisticated developers can, with
care, use SSL_set_verify_result(ssl, X509_V_OK) to "peek" at TLSA
info even when verification fail. They must of course first check
and save the real error, and restore the original error as quickly
as possible. Hiding by default seems to be the safer interface.
Introduced X509_V_ERR_DANE_NO_MATCH code to signal failure to find
matching TLSA records. Previously reported via X509_V_ERR_CERT_UNTRUSTED.
This also changes the "-brief" output from s_client to include
verification results and TLSA match information.
Mentioned session resumption in code example in SSL_CTX_dane_enable(3).
Also mentioned that depths returned are relative to the verified chain
which is now available via SSL_get0_verified_chain(3).
Added a few more test-cases to danetest, that exercise the new
code.
Resolved thread safety issue in use of static buffer in
X509_verify_cert_error_string().
Fixed long-stating issue in apps/s_cb.c which always sets verify_error
to either X509_V_OK or "chain to long", code elsewhere (e.g.
s_time.c), seems to expect the actual error. [ The new chain
construction code is expected to correctly generate "chain
too long" errors, so at some point we need to drop the
work-arounds, once SSL_set_verify_depth() is also fixed to
propagate the depth to X509_STORE_CTX reliably. ]
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Replace all magic numbers with #defined constants except in boolean
functions that return 0 for failure and 1 for success. Avoid a
couple memory leaks in error recovery code paths. Code style
improvements.
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
When auxiliary data contains only reject entries, continue to trust
self-signed objects just as when no auxiliary data is present.
This makes it possible to reject specific uses without changing
what's accepted (and thus overring the underlying EKU).
Added new supported certs and doubled test count from 38 to 76.
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
This includes basic constraints, key usages, issuer EKUs and auxiliary
trust OIDs (given a trust suitably related to the intended purpose).
Added tests and updated documentation.
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
This was done by the following
find . -name '*.[ch]' | /tmp/pl
where /tmp/pl is the following three-line script:
print unless $. == 1 && m@/\* .*\.[ch] \*/@;
close ARGV if eof; # Close file to reset $.
And then some hand-editing of other files.
Reviewed-by: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor@openssl.org>
When DANE-EE(3) matches or either of DANE-EE/PKIX-EE fails, we don't
build a chain at all, but rather succeed or fail with just the leaf
certificate. In either case also check for Suite-B violations.
As unlikely as it may seem that anyone would enable both DANE and
Suite-B, we should do what the application asks.
Took the opportunity to eliminate the "cb" variables in x509_vfy.c,
just call ctx->verify_cb(ok, ctx)
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
It seems risky in the context of cross-signed certificates when the
same certificate might have multiple potential issuers. Also rarely
used, since chains in OpenSSL typically only employ self-signed
trust-anchors, whose self-signatures are not checked, while untrusted
certificates are generally ephemeral.
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
Also tweak some of the code in demos/bio, to enable interactive
testing of BIO_s_accept's use of SSL_dup. Changed the sconnect
client to authenticate the server, which now exercises the new
SSL_set1_host() function.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Add CRYPTO_free_ex_index (for shared libraries)
Unify and complete the documentation for all "ex_data" API's and objects.
Replace xxx_get_ex_new_index functions with a macro.
Added an exdata test.
Renamed the ex_data internal datatypes.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
In some environments, such as firmware, the current system time is entirely
meaningless. Provide a clean mechanism to suppress the checks against it.
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@akamai.com>
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
This reverts the non-cleanup parts of commit c73ad69017. We do actually
have a reasonable use case for OPENSSL_NO_RFC3779 in the EDK2 UEFI
build, since we don't have a strspn() function in our runtime environment
and we don't want the RFC3779 functionality anyway.
In addition, it changes the default behaviour of the Configure script so
that RFC3779 support isn't disabled by default. It was always disabled
from when it was first added in 2006, right up until the point where
OPENSSL_NO_RFC3779 was turned into a no-op, and the code in the
Configure script was left *trying* to disable it, but not actually
working.
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@akamai.com>
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
There are many places (nearly 50) where we malloc and then memset.
Add an OPENSSL_zalloc routine to encapsulate that.
(Missed one conversion; thanks Richard)
Also fixes GH328
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Initialize pointers in param id by the book (explicit NULL assignment,
rather than just memset 0).
In x509_verify_param_zero() set peername to NULL after freeing it.
In x509_vfy.c's internal check_hosts(), avoid potential leak of
possibly already non-NULL peername. This is only set when a check
succeeds, so don't need to do this repeatedly in the loop.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Fix more potential leaks in X509_verify_cert()
Fix memory leak in ClientHello test
Fix memory leak in gost2814789 test
Fix potential memory leak in PKCS7_verify()
Fix potential memory leaks in X509_add1_reject_object()
Refactor to use "goto err" in cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@akamai.com>
Reviewed-by: Emilia Käsper <emilia@openssl.org>
The -show_chain flag to the verify command line app shows information about
the chain that has been built. This commit adds the text "untrusted" against
those certificates that have been used from the untrusted list.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
The function X509_verify_cert checks the value of |ctx->chain| at the
beginning, and if it is NULL then it initialises it, along with the value
of ctx->untrusted. The normal way to use X509_verify_cert() is to first
call X509_STORE_CTX_init(); then set up various parameters etc; then call
X509_verify_cert(); then check the results; and finally call
X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(). The initial call to X509_STORE_CTX_init() sets
|ctx->chain| to NULL. The only place in the OpenSSL codebase where
|ctx->chain| is set to anything other than a non NULL value is in
X509_verify_cert itself. Therefore the only ways that |ctx->chain| could be
non NULL on entry to X509_verify_cert is if one of the following occurs:
1) An application calls X509_verify_cert() twice without re-initialising
in between.
2) An application reaches inside the X509_STORE_CTX structure and changes
the value of |ctx->chain| directly.
With regards to the second of these, we should discount this - it should
not be supported to allow this.
With regards to the first of these, the documentation is not exactly
crystal clear, but the implication is that you must call
X509_STORE_CTX_init() before each call to X509_verify_cert(). If you fail
to do this then, at best, the results would be undefined.
Calling X509_verify_cert() with |ctx->chain| set to a non NULL value is
likely to have unexpected results, and could be dangerous. This commit
changes the behaviour of X509_verify_cert() so that it causes an error if
|ctx->chain| is anything other than NULL (because this indicates that we
have not been initialised properly). It also clarifies the associated
documentation. This is a follow up commit to CVE-2015-1793.
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
During certificate verfification, OpenSSL will attempt to find an
alternative certificate chain if the first attempt to build such a chain
fails. An error in the implementation of this logic can mean that an
attacker could cause certain checks on untrusted certificates to be
bypassed, such as the CA flag, enabling them to use a valid leaf
certificate to act as a CA and "issue" an invalid certificate.
This occurs where at least one cert is added to the first chain from the
trust store, but that chain still ends up being untrusted. In that case
ctx->last_untrusted is decremented in error.
Patch provided by the BoringSSL project.
CVE-2015-1793
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
Also tighten X509_cmp_time to reject more than three fractional
seconds in the time; and to reject trailing garbage after the offset.
CVE-2015-1789
Reviewed-by: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
There are header files in crypto/ that are used by a number of crypto/
submodules. Move those to crypto/include/internal and adapt the
affected source code and Makefiles.
The header files that got moved are:
crypto/cryptolib.h
crypto/md32_common.h
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Compiling OpenSSL code with MSVC and /W4 results in a number of warnings.
One category of warnings is particularly interesting - C4701 (potentially
uninitialized local variable 'name' used). This warning pretty much means
that there's a code path which results in uninitialized variables being used
or returned. Depending on compiler, its options, OS, values in registers
and/or stack, the results can be nondeterministic. Cases like this are very
hard to debug so it's rational to fix these issues.
This patch contains a set of trivial fixes for all the C4701 warnings (just
initializing variables to 0 or NULL or appropriate error code) to make sure
that deterministic values will be returned from all the execution paths.
RT#3835
Signed-off-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Matt's note: All of these appear to be bogus warnings, i.e. there isn't
actually a code path where an unitialised variable could be used - its just
that the compiler hasn't been able to figure that out from the logic. So
this commit is just about silencing spurious warnings.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Just as with the OPENSSL_malloc calls, consistently use sizeof(*ptr)
for memset and memcpy. Remove needless casts for those functions.
For memset, replace alternative forms of zero with 0.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
For a local variable:
TYPE *p;
Allocations like this are "risky":
p = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(TYPE));
if the type of p changes, and the malloc call isn't updated, you
could get memory corruption. Instead do this:
p = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(*p));
Also fixed a few memset() calls that I noticed while doing this.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
After the finale, the "real" final part. :) Do a recursive grep with
"-B1 -w [a-zA-Z0-9_]*_free" to see if any of the preceeding lines are
an "if NULL" check that can be removed.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Don't check for NULL before calling a free routine. This gets X509_.*free:
x509_name_ex_free X509_policy_tree_free X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free
X509_STORE_free X509_STORE_CTX_free X509_PKEY_free
X509_OBJECT_free_contents X509_LOOKUP_free X509_INFO_free
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
EVP_.*free; this gets:
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free EVP_PKEY_CTX_free EVP_PKEY_asn1_free
EVP_PKEY_asn1_set_free EVP_PKEY_free EVP_PKEY_free_it
EVP_PKEY_meth_free; and also EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup
Reviewed-by: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@openssl.org>
Disable loop checking when we retry verification with an alternative path.
This fixes the case where an intermediate CA is explicitly trusted and part
of the untrusted certificate list. By disabling loop checking for this case
the untrusted CA can be replaced by the explicitly trusted case and
verification will succeed.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
valid. However the issuer of the leaf, or some intermediate cert is in fact
in the trust store.
When building a trust chain if the first attempt fails, then try to see if
alternate chains could be constructed that are trusted.
RT3637
RT3621
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
The mkstack.pl script now generates the entire safestack.h file.
It generates output that follows the coding style.
Also, removed all instances of the obsolete IMPLEMENT_STACK_OF
macro.
Reviewed-by: Andy Polyakov <appro@openssl.org>
Remove OPENSSL_NO_RFCF3779.
Also, makevms.com was ignored by some of the other cleanups, so
I caught it up. Sorry I ignored you, poor little VMS...
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
The following compile options (#ifdef's) are removed:
OPENSSL_NO_BIO OPENSSL_NO_BUFFER OPENSSL_NO_CHAIN_VERIFY
OPENSSL_NO_EVP OPENSSL_NO_FIPS_ERR OPENSSL_NO_HASH_COMP
OPENSSL_NO_LHASH OPENSSL_NO_OBJECT OPENSSL_NO_SPEED OPENSSL_NO_STACK
OPENSSL_NO_X509 OPENSSL_NO_X509_VERIFY
This diff is big because of updating the indents on preprocessor lines.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Add a declaration for get_issuer_sk() so that other
functions in x509_vf.c could use it. (Planned work
around cross-certification chains.)
Reviewed-by: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@openssl.org>
Reduces number of silly casts in OpenSSL code and likely most
applications. Consistent with (char *) for "peername" value from
X509_check_host() and X509_VERIFY_PARAM_get0_peername().
When looking for the issuer of a certificate, if current candidate is
expired, continue looking. Only return an expired certificate if no valid
certificates are found.
PR#3359
When a chain is complete and ends in a trusted root checks are also
performed on the TA and the callback notified with ok==1. For
consistency do the same for chains where the TA is not self signed.
Move the IP, email and host checking fields from the public
X509_VERIFY_PARAM structure into an opaque X509_VERIFY_PARAM_ID
structure. By doing this the structure can be modified in future
without risk of breaking any applications.
(cherry picked from commit adc6bd73e3)
Conflicts:
crypto/x509/x509_vpm.c
For consistency with other cases if we are performing
partial chain verification with just one certificate
notify the callback with ok==1.
(cherry picked from commit 852553d9005e13aed7feb986a5d71cb885b994c7)
PR #3090
Reported by: Franck Youssef <fry@open.ch>
If no new reason codes are obtained after checking a CRL exit with an
error to avoid repeatedly checking the same CRL.
This will only happen if verify errors such as invalid CRL scope are
overridden in a callback.
New function X509_chain_up_ref to dup and up the reference count of
a STACK_OF(X509): replace equivalent functionality in several places
by the equivalent call.
certificate is explicitly trusted (using -addtrust option to x509 utility
for example) the verification is sucessful even if the chain is not complete.
Submitted by: steve@openssl.org
Include a flag ASN1_STRING_FLAG_MSTRING when a multi string type is created.
This makes it possible to tell if the underlying type is UTCTime,
GeneralizedTime or Time when the structure is reused and X509_time_adj_ex()
can handle each case in an appropriate manner.
Add error checking to CRL generation in ca utility when nextUpdate is being
set.
