Add a status return value instead of void.
Add some sanity checks on reference counter value.
Update the docs.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/1042)
Multiple digest options to the ocsp utility are allowed: e.g. to use
different digests for different certificate IDs. A digest option without
a following certificate is however illegal.
RT#4215
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Don't primarly recommend using OPENSSL_thread_stop(), as that's a last
resort. Instead, recommend leaving it to automatic mechanisms.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
The ERR_remove_thread_state() API is restored to take a pointer
argument, but does nothing more. ERR_remove_state() is also made into
a no-op. Both functions are deprecated and users are recommended to
use OPENSSL_thread_stop() instead.
Documentation is changed to reflect this.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
BIO_eof() was always returning true when using a BIO pair. It should only
be true if the peer BIO is empty and has been shutdown.
RT#1215
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
If the application has limited the size of the async pool using
ASYNC_init_thread() then we could run out of jobs while trying to start a
libssl io operation. However libssl was failing to handle this and treating
it like a fatal error. It should not be fatal...we just need to retry when
there are jobs available again.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Date: Tue Mar 15 15:19:44 2016 +0100
This commit updates the documentation of cms, ocsp, s_client,
s_server, and verify to reflect the new "-no_check_time"
option introduced in commit d35ff2c0ad
on 2015-07-31.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
If no serverinfo extension is found in some cases, do not abort the handshake,
but simply omit/skip that extension.
Check for already-registered serverinfo callbacks during serverinfo
registration.
Update SSL_CTX_use_serverinfo() documentation to mention the need to reload the
same serverinfo per certificate, for servers with multiple server certificates.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Fix some of the variables to be (s)size_t, so that more than 1GB of
secure memory can be allocated. The arena has to be a power of 2, and
2GB fails because it ends up being a negative 32-bit signed number.
The |too_late| flag is not strictly necessary; it is easy to figure
out if something is secure memory by looking at the arena. As before,
secure memory allocations will not fail, but now they can be freed
correctly. Once initialized, secure memory can still be used, even if
allocations occured before initialization.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
OpenSSL 1.1.0-pre5 has made some additional structs opaque. Python's ssl
module requires access to some of the struct members. Three new getters
are added:
int X509_OBJECT_get_type(X509_OBJECT *a);
STACK_OF(X509_OBJECT) *X509_STORE_get0_objects(X509_STORE *v);
X509_VERIFY_PARAM *X509_STORE_get0_param(X509_STORE *ctx);
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
It is up to the caller of SSL_dane_tlsa_add() to take appropriate
action when no records are added successfully or adding some records
triggers an internal error (negative return value).
With this change the caller can continue with PKIX if desired when
none of the TLSA records are usable, or take some appropriate action
if DANE is required.
Also fixed the internal ssl_dane_dup() function to properly initialize
the TLSA RR stack in the target SSL handle. Errors in ssl_dane_dup()
are no longer ignored.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Make X509_OBJECT, X509_STORE_CTX, X509_STORE, X509_LOOKUP,
and X509_LOOKUP_METHOD opaque.
Remove unused X509_CERT_FILE_CTX
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
CONF_modules_free() should not be called expicitly - we should leave
auto-deinit to clean this up instead.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
ENGINE_cleanup() should not be called expicitly - we should leave
auto-deinit to clean this up instead.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
OBJ_cleanup() should not be called expicitly - we should leave
auto-deinit to clean this up instead.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
EVP_cleanup() should not be called expicitly - we should leave
auto-deinit to clean this up instead.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
RAND_cleanup() should not be called expicitly - we should leave
auto-deinit to clean this up instead.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
SSL_COMP_free_compression_methods() should not be called expicitly - we
should leave auto-deinit to clean this up instead.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
ERR_free_strings() should not be called expicitly - we should leave
auto-deinit to clean this up instead.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Add an accessor for SSL_CTX.
Since libssl was made opaque, there is no way for users to access the
cipher_list, while users can set the cipher_list by
SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list().
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
A number of new functions have been added following the DH and DH_METHOD
opacity commits. This commit provides documentation for those functions.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Suppress CT callbacks with aNULL or PSK ciphersuites that involve
no certificates. Ditto when the certificate chain is validated via
DANE-TA(2) or DANE-EE(3) TLSA records. Also skip SCT processing
when the chain is fails verification.
Move and consolidate CT callbacks from libcrypto to libssl. We
also simplify the interface to SSL_{,CTX_}_enable_ct() which can
specify either a permissive mode that just collects information or
a strict mode that requires at least one valid SCT or else asks to
abort the connection.
Simplified SCT processing and options in s_client(1) which now has
just a simple pair of "-noct" vs. "-ct" options, the latter enables
the permissive callback so that we can complete the handshake and
report all relevant information. When printing SCTs, print the
validation status if set and not valid.
Signed-off-by: Rob Percival <robpercival@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Emilia Käsper <emilia@openssl.org>
The original check for != SSL_VERIFY_NONE can give surprising results
when flags SSL_VERIFY_PEER is not set, but other flags are. Note
that SSL_VERIFY_NONE (0) is not a flag bit, it is rather the absense
of all other flag bits.
Signed-off-by: Rob Percival <robpercival@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Emilia Käsper <emilia@openssl.org>
A new X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_auth_level() function sets the
authentication security level. For verification of SSL peers, this
is automatically set from the SSL security level. Otherwise, for
now, the authentication security level remains at (effectively) 0
by default.
The new "-auth_level" verify(1) option is available in all the
command-line tools that support the standard verify(1) options.
New verify(1) tests added to check enforcement of chain signature
and public key security levels. Also added new tests of enforcement
of the verify_depth limit.
Updated documentation.
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
Numerous fixups based on feedback of the DSA opacity changes.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
A number of getters/setters have been added for examining DSA objects, as
well as a whole set of functions for creating and buildingup DSA_METHODs.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
Currently on every BIO mem read operation the remaining data is reallocated.
This commit solves the issue.
BIO mem structure includes additional pointer to the read position.
On every read the pointer moves instead of reallocating the memory for the remaining data.
Reallocation accures before write and some ioctl operations, if the read pointer doesn't point on the beginning of the buffer.
Also the flag is added to rewind the read pointer without losing the data.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
The API contract is more tight than was previously documented -- the returned
string must be NUL-terminated, and the supplied buffer includes space for
the trailing NUL, so the maximum length that can be read in is reduced.
Clarify that the NUL is not included in the returned length, and fix the
spelling of "NUL-terminated" in a nearby spot.
Adjust punctuation to make a modest improvement to the grammar.
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
BIO_new, etc., don't need a non-const BIO_METHOD. This allows all the
built-in method tables to live in .rodata.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
* Clear proposed, along with selected, before looking at ClientHello
* Add test case for above
* Clear NPN seen after selecting ALPN on server
* Minor documentation updates
Reviewed-by: Emilia Käsper <emilia@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
This commit adds the general verify options of ocsp, verify,
cms, etc. to the openssl timestamping app as suggested by
Stephen N. Henson in [openssl.org #4287]. The conflicting
"-policy" option of "openssl ts" has been renamed to
"-tspolicy". Documentation and tests have been updated.
CAVE: This will break code, which currently uses the "-policy"
option.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
This adds a new accessor function DSA_SIG_get0.
The customisation of DSA_SIG structure initialisation has been removed this
means that the 'r' and 's' components are automatically allocated when
DSA_SIG_new() is called. Update documentation.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
* Perform ALPN after the SNI callback; the SSL_CTX may change due to
that processing
* Add flags to indicate that we actually sent ALPN, to properly error
out if unexpectedly received.
* clean up ssl3_free() no need to explicitly clear when doing memset
* document ALPN functions
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Emilia Käsper <emilia@openssl.org>
We had the function EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cipher_data which is newly added for
1.1.0. As we now also need an EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_cipher_data it makes
more sense for the former to be called EVP_CIPHER_CTX_get_cipher_data.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
The new pipeline code added a new function
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_cipher_data(). Add documentation for this and the
existing EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cipher_data() function.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
A previous commit added the SSL_has_pending() function which provides a
method for knowing whether OpenSSL has buffered, but as yet unprocessed
record data.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
Implement aes128-cbc as a pipeline capable cipher in the dasync engine.
As dasync is just a dummy engine, it actually just performs the parallel
encrypts/decrypts in serial.
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
RC4 based ciphersuites in libssl have been disabled by default. They can
be added back by building OpenSSL with the "enable-weak-ssl-ciphers"
Configure option at compile time.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
This patch implements the HMAC-based Extract-and-Expand Key Derivation
Function (HKDF) as defined in RFC 5869.
It is required to implement the QUIC and TLS 1.3 protocols (among others).
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
This patch provides getters for default_passwd_cb and userdata for SSL
and SSL_CTX. The getter functions are required to port Python's ssl module
to OpenSSL 1.1.0.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Clarify that the "cleanup" routing does not get called if you invoke
ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_clear_fd() directly.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Implementation experience has shown that the original plan for async wait
fds was too simplistic. Originally the async logic created a pipe internally
and user/engine code could then get access to it via API calls. It is more
flexible if the engine is able to create its own fd and provide it to the
async code.
Another issue is that there can be a lot of churn in the fd value within
the context of (say) a single SSL connection leading to continually adding
and removing fds from (say) epoll. It is better if we can provide some
stability of the fd value across a whole SSL connection. This is
problematic because an engine has no concept of an SSL connection.
This commit refactors things to introduce an ASYNC_WAIT_CTX which acts as a
proxy for an SSL connection down at the engine layer.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Stack Overflow has a number of questions related to mutual authentication,
the client and its certificate. Those visiting the man pages for functions
like SSL_CTX_use_certificate and SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations don't
receive the benefit of a cross reference to SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Reformat EC_POINT_new.pod and add parentheses to function names.
Clarify the octet form.
Add documentation for EC_POINT_oct2buf().
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Add -DBIO_DEBUG to --strict-warnings.
Remove comments about outdated debugging ifdef guards.
Remove md_rand ifdef guarding an assert; it doesn't seem used.
Remove the conf guards in conf_api since we use OPENSSL_assert, not assert.
For pkcs12 stuff put OPENSSL_ in front of the macro name.
Merge TLS_DEBUG into SSL_DEBUG.
Various things just turned on/off asserts, mainly for checking non-NULL
arguments, which is now removed: camellia, bn_ctx, crypto/modes.
Remove some old debug code, that basically just printed things to stderr:
DEBUG_PRINT_UNKNOWN_CIPHERSUITES, DEBUG_ZLIB, OPENSSL_RI_DEBUG,
RL_DEBUG, RSA_DEBUG, SCRYPT_DEBUG.
Remove OPENSSL_SSL_DEBUG_BROKEN_PROTOCOL.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
The ocsp utility is something of a jack-of-all-trades; most anything
related to the OCSP can be done with it. In particular, the manual
page calls out that it can be used as either a client or a server
of the protocol, but there are also a few things that it can do
which do not quite fit into either role, such as encoding an OCSP
request but not sending it, printing out a text form of an OCSP
response (or request) from a file akin to the asn1parse utility,
or performing a lookup into the server-side revocation database
without actually sending a request or response. All three of these
are documented as examples in the manual page, but the documentation
prior to this commit is somewhat misleading, in that when printing
the text form of an OCSP response, the code also attempts to
verify the response, displaying an error message and returning
failure if the response does not verify. (It is possible that
the response would be able to verify with the given example, since
the default trust roots are used for that verification, but OCSP
responses frequently have alternate certification authorities
that would require passing -CAfile or -CApath for verification.)
Tidy up the documentation by passing -noverify for the case of
converting from binary to textual representation, and also
change a few instances of -respin to -reqin as appropriate, note
that the -url option provides the same functionality as the -host
and -path options, clarify that the example that saves an OCSP
response to a file will also perform verification on that response,
and fix a couple grammar nits in the manual page.
Also remove an always-true conditional for rdb != NULL -- there
are no codepaths in which it could be initialized at the time of
this check.
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@openssl.org>
Update ciphers documentation as well (based on -04 rev of ID).
Signed-off-by: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
RT: #4206, GH: #642
The new init functions can fail if the library has already been stopped. We
should be able to indicate failure with a 0 return value.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
This was a developer debugging feature and was never a useful public
interface.
Added all missing X509 error codes to the verify(1) manpage, but
many still need a description beyond the associated text string.
Sorted the errors in x509_txt.c by error number.
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
Provide some man pages for auto-init/deinit. Also update the INSTALL
documentation for information on the new Configure options implemented as
part of this.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
- One typo fixed in crypto/bio/b_addr.c
- Add a comment in doc/crypto/BIO_parse_hostserv.pod to explain the
blank lines with one lonely space each.
Reviewed-by: Andy Polyakov <appro@openssl.org>
As documented both SSL_get0_dane_authority() and SSL_get0_dane_tlsa()
are expected to return a negative match depth and nothing else when
verification fails. However, this only happened when verification
failed during chain construction. Errors in verification of the
constructed chain did not have the intended effect on these functions.
This commit updates the functions to check for verify_result ==
X509_V_OK, and no longer erases any accumulated match information
when chain construction fails. Sophisticated developers can, with
care, use SSL_set_verify_result(ssl, X509_V_OK) to "peek" at TLSA
info even when verification fail. They must of course first check
and save the real error, and restore the original error as quickly
as possible. Hiding by default seems to be the safer interface.
Introduced X509_V_ERR_DANE_NO_MATCH code to signal failure to find
matching TLSA records. Previously reported via X509_V_ERR_CERT_UNTRUSTED.
This also changes the "-brief" output from s_client to include
verification results and TLSA match information.
Mentioned session resumption in code example in SSL_CTX_dane_enable(3).
Also mentioned that depths returned are relative to the verified chain
which is now available via SSL_get0_verified_chain(3).
Added a few more test-cases to danetest, that exercise the new
code.
Resolved thread safety issue in use of static buffer in
X509_verify_cert_error_string().
Fixed long-stating issue in apps/s_cb.c which always sets verify_error
to either X509_V_OK or "chain to long", code elsewhere (e.g.
s_time.c), seems to expect the actual error. [ The new chain
construction code is expected to correctly generate "chain
too long" errors, so at some point we need to drop the
work-arounds, once SSL_set_verify_depth() is also fixed to
propagate the depth to X509_STORE_CTX reliably. ]
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
dgst: using digest instead of specific digest commands
the digest list specified in man dgst may be inaccurate, hence using
digest and referring to the list in digest-commands
'sha' as a digest name is no longer supported
dgst,pkeyutl cmds help cleanup
- In dgst, pkeyutl cmds, some options help was missing.
- fixed a minor typo in openssl.pod, that fixes make install.
- digest-commands was showing ‘sha’, which is not a supported digest
anymore.
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Tim Hudson <tjh@openssl.org>
opt_valtype 0 is same as '-' while printing cmd usage
asn1parse/ca/ciphers help cleanup
Signed-off-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
Allow initial engine names as first parameters before flags.
Also add engine param to help summary
Wrote manpage
Reviewed-by: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor@openssl.org>
Make it clear that if we are unable to get hold of the peer address then
*peer is cleared and the family set to AF_UNSPEC.
Reviewed-by: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor@openssl.org>
Adds a new function BIO_ADDR_clear to reset a BIO_ADDR back to an
unitialised state, and to set the family to AF_UNSPEC.
Reviewed-by: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor@openssl.org>
The DTLSv1_listen function exposed details of the underlying BIO
abstraction and did not properly allow for IPv6. This commit changes the
"peer" argument to be a BIO_ADDR and makes it a first class function
(rather than a ctrl) to ensure proper type checking.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Because different platforms have different levels of support for IPv6,
different kinds of sockaddr variants, and some have getaddrinfo et al
while others don't, we could end up with a mess if ifdefs, duplicate
code and other maintainance nightmares.
Instead, we're introducing wrappers around the common form for socket
communication:
BIO_ADDR, closely related to struct sockaddr and some of its variants.
BIO_ADDRINFO, closely related to struct addrinfo.
With that comes support routines, both convenient creators and
accessors, plus a few utility functions:
BIO_parse_hostserv, takes a string of the form host:service and
splits it into host and service. It checks for * in both parts, and
converts any [ipv6-address] syntax to ust the IPv6 address.
BIO_lookup, looks up information on a host.
All routines handle IPv4 (AF_INET) and IPv6 (AF_INET6) addresses, and
there is support for local sockets (AF_UNIX) as well.
Reviewed-by: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@openssl.org>
CRIME protection: disable compression by default, even if OpenSSL is
compiled with zlib enabled. Applications can still enable compression by
calling SSL_CTX_clear_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION), or by using
the SSL_CONF library to configure compression. SSL_CONF continues to
work as before:
SSL_CONF_cmd(ctx, "Options", "Compression") enables compression.
SSL_CONF_cmd(ctx, "Options", "-Compression") disables compression (now
no-op by default).
The command-line switch has changed from -no_comp to -comp.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Also fix option processing in pkeyutl to allow use of (formerly)
"out-of-order" switches that were needless implementation limitations.
Handle documented "ENGINE" form with -keyform and -peerform.
Better handling of OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE and OPENSSL_NO_RSA.
RT2018
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
Add new function BN_bn2binpad() which checks the length of the output
buffer and pads the result with zeroes if necessary.
New functions BN_bn2lebinpad() and BN_lebin2bn() which use little endian
format.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
PACKET contents should be read-only. To achieve this, also
- constify two user callbacks
- constify BUF_reverse.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
This includes basic constraints, key usages, issuer EKUs and auxiliary
trust OIDs (given a trust suitably related to the intended purpose).
Added tests and updated documentation.
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
New functions to return internal pointer for order and cofactor. This
avoids the need to allocate a new BIGNUM which to copy the value to.
Simplify code to use new functions.
Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
The SSL and SSL_CTX structures are reference counted. However since libssl
was made opaque there is no way for users of the library to manipulate the
reference counts. This adds functions to enable that.
Reviewed-by: Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
It is sometimes useful (especially in automated tests) to supply
multiple trusted or untrusted certificates via separate files rather
than have to prepare a single file containing them all.
To that end, change verify(1) to accept these options zero or more
times. Also automatically set -no-CAfile and -no-CApath when
-trusted is specified.
Improve verify(1) documentation, which could still use some work.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
It turns out that -pause calls the undocumented function SSL_set_debug.
That just sets flag inside the SSL structure. That flag, despite
the command is never used. So remove the flag, the field, and the
function.
Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
Add CRYPTO_EX_DATA add EndC_KEY_[gs]et_method, From Roumen Petrov.
Had to add various exdata calls to init/copy/free the exdata.
Had to remove const from some EC functions because exdata isn't
const-correct. :(
Also remove EC_EXTRA_DATA and use a union to hold the possible
pre-computed values and an enum to tell which value is in the
union. (Rich Salz)
Reviewed-by: Dr. Stephen Henson <steve@openssl.org>
