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506 lines
14 KiB
Groff
506 lines
14 KiB
Groff
.TH LDAPSEARCH 1 "RELEASEDATE" "OpenLDAP LDVERSION"
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.\" $OpenLDAP$
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.\" Copyright 1998-2013 The OpenLDAP Foundation All Rights Reserved.
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.\" Copying restrictions apply. See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
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.SH NAME
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ldapsearch \- LDAP search tool
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B ldapsearch
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[\c
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.BR \-V [ V ]]
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[\c
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.BI \-d \ debuglevel\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-n ]
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[\c
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.BR \-v ]
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[\c
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.BR \-c ]
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[\c
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.BR \-u ]
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[\c
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.BR \-t [ t ]]
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[\c
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.BI \-T \ path\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-F \ prefix\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-A ]
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[\c
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.BR \-L [ L [ L ]]]
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[\c
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.BI \-S \ attribute\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-b \ searchbase\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-s \ { base \||\| one \||\| sub \||\| children }]
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[\c
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.BR \-a \ { never \||\| always \||\| search \||\| find }]
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[\c
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.BI \-l \ timelimit\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-z \ sizelimit\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-f \ file\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-M [ M ]]
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[\c
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.BR \-x ]
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[\c
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.BI \-D \ binddn\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-W ]
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[\c
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.BI \-w \ passwd\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-y \ passwdfile\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-H \ ldapuri\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-h \ ldaphost\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-p \ ldapport\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-P \ { 2 \||\| 3 }]
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[\c
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.BR \-e \ [ ! ] \fIext\fP [ =\fIextparam\fP ]]
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[\c
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.BR \-E \ [ ! ] \fIext\fP [ =\fIextparam\fP ]]
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[\c
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.BI \-o \ opt \fR[= optparam \fR]]
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[\c
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.BI \-O \ security-properties\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-I ]
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[\c
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.BR \-Q ]
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[\c
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.BR \-N ]
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[\c
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.BI \-U \ authcid\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-R \ realm\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-X \ authzid\fR]
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[\c
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.BI \-Y \ mech\fR]
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[\c
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.BR \-Z [ Z ]]
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.I filter
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[\c
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.IR attrs... ]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I ldapsearch
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is a shell-accessible interface to the
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.BR ldap_search_ext (3)
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library call.
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.LP
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.B ldapsearch
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opens a connection to an LDAP server, binds, and performs a search
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using specified parameters. The \fIfilter\fP should conform to
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the string representation for search filters as defined in RFC 4515.
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If not provided, the default filter, \fB(objectClass=*)\fP, is used.
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.LP
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If
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.B ldapsearch
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finds one or more entries, the attributes specified by
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\fIattrs\fP are returned. If \fB*\fP is listed, all user attributes are
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returned. If \fB+\fP is listed, all operational attributes are returned.
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If no \fIattrs\fP are listed, all user attributes are returned. If only
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1.1 is listed, no attributes will be returned.
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.LP
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The search results are displayed using an extended version of LDIF.
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Option \fI\-L\fP controls the format of the output.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP
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.BR \-V [ V ]
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Print version info.
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If \fB\-VV\fP is given, only the version information is printed.
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.TP
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.BI \-d \ debuglevel
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Set the LDAP debugging level to \fIdebuglevel\fP.
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.B ldapsearch
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must be compiled with LDAP_DEBUG defined for this option to have any effect.
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.TP
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.B \-n
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Show what would be done, but don't actually perform the search. Useful for
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debugging in conjunction with \fB\-v\fP.
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.TP
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.B \-v
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Run in verbose mode, with many diagnostics written to standard output.
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.TP
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.B \-c
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Continuous operation mode. Errors are reported, but ldapsearch will continue
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with searches. The default is to exit after reporting an error. Only useful
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in conjunction with \fB\-f\fP.
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.TP
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.B \-u
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Include the User Friendly Name form of the Distinguished Name (DN)
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in the output.
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.TP
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.BR \-t [ t ]
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A single \fB\-t\fP writes retrieved non-printable values to a set of temporary
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files. This is useful for dealing with values containing non-character
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data such as jpegPhoto or audio. A second \fB\-t\fP writes all retrieved values to
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files.
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.TP
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.BI \-T \ path
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Write temporary files to directory specified by \fIpath\fP (default:
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\fB/var/tmp/\fP)
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.TP
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.BI \-F \ prefix
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URL prefix for temporary files. Default is \fBfile://\fIpath\fP where
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\fIpath\fP is \fB/var/tmp/\fP or specified with \fB\-T\fP.
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.TP
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.B \-A
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Retrieve attributes only (no values). This is useful when you just want to
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see if an attribute is present in an entry and are not interested in the
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specific values.
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.TP
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.B \-L
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Search results are display in LDAP Data Interchange Format detailed in
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.BR ldif (5).
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A single \fB\-L\fP restricts the output to LDIFv1.
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A second \fB\-L\fP disables comments.
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A third \fB\-L\fP disables printing of the LDIF version.
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The default is to use an extended version of LDIF.
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.TP
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.BI \-S \ attribute
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Sort the entries returned based on \fIattribute\fP. The default is not
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to sort entries returned. If \fIattribute\fP is a zero-length string (""),
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the entries are sorted by the components of their Distinguished Name. See
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.BR ldap_sort (3)
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for more details. Note that
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.B ldapsearch
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normally prints out entries as it receives them. The use of the \fB\-S\fP
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option defeats this behavior, causing all entries to be retrieved,
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then sorted, then printed.
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.TP
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.BI \-b \ searchbase
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Use \fIsearchbase\fP as the starting point for the search instead of
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the default.
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.TP
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.BR \-s \ { base \||\| one \||\| sub \||\| children }
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Specify the scope of the search to be one of
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.BR base ,
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.BR one ,
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.BR sub ,
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or
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.B children
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to specify a base object, one-level, subtree, or children search.
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The default is
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.BR sub .
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Note:
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.I children
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scope requires LDAPv3 subordinate feature extension.
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.TP
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.BR \-a \ { never \||\| always \||\| search \||\| find }
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Specify how aliases dereferencing is done. Should be one of
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.BR never ,
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.BR always ,
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.BR search ,
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or
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.B find
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to specify that aliases are never dereferenced, always dereferenced,
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dereferenced when searching, or dereferenced only when locating the
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base object for the search. The default is to never dereference aliases.
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.TP
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.BI \-l \ timelimit
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wait at most \fItimelimit\fP seconds for a search to complete.
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A timelimit of
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.I 0
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(zero) or
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.I none
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means no limit.
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A timelimit of
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.I max
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means the maximum integer allowable by the protocol.
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A server may impose a maximal timelimit which only
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the root user may override.
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.TP
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.BI \-z \ sizelimit
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retrieve at most \fIsizelimit\fP entries for a search.
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A sizelimit of
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.I 0
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(zero) or
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.I none
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means no limit.
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A sizelimit of
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.I max
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means the maximum integer allowable by the protocol.
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A server may impose a maximal sizelimit which only
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the root user may override.
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.TP
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.BI \-f \ file
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Read a series of lines from \fIfile\fP, performing one LDAP search for
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each line. In this case, the \fIfilter\fP given on the command line
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is treated as a pattern where the first and only occurrence of \fB%s\fP
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is replaced with a line from \fIfile\fP. Any other occurrence of the
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the \fB%\fP character in the pattern will be regarded as an error.
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Where it is desired that the search filter include a \fB%\fP character,
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the character should be encoded as \fB\\25\fP (see RFC 4515).
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If \fIfile\fP is a single
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\fB\-\fP character, then the lines are read from standard input.
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.B ldapsearch
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will exit when the first non-successful search result is returned,
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unless \fB\-c\fP is used.
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.TP
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.BR \-M [ M ]
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Enable manage DSA IT control.
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.B \-MM
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makes control critical.
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.TP
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.B \-x
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Use simple authentication instead of SASL.
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.TP
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.BI \-D \ binddn
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Use the Distinguished Name \fIbinddn\fP to bind to the LDAP directory.
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For SASL binds, the server is expected to ignore this value.
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.TP
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.B \-W
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Prompt for simple authentication.
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This is used instead of specifying the password on the command line.
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.TP
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.BI \-w \ passwd
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Use \fIpasswd\fP as the password for simple authentication.
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.TP
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.BI \-y \ passwdfile
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Use complete contents of \fIpasswdfile\fP as the password for
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simple authentication.
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.TP
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.BI \-H \ ldapuri
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Specify URI(s) referring to the ldap server(s);
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a list of URI, separated by whitespace or commas is expected;
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only the protocol/host/port fields are allowed.
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As an exception, if no host/port is specified, but a DN is,
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the DN is used to look up the corresponding host(s) using the
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DNS SRV records, according to RFC 2782. The DN must be a non-empty
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sequence of AVAs whose attribute type is "dc" (domain component),
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and must be escaped according to RFC 2396.
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.TP
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.BI \-h \ ldaphost
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Specify an alternate host on which the ldap server is running.
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Deprecated in favor of \fB\-H\fP.
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.TP
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.BI \-p \ ldapport
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Specify an alternate TCP port where the ldap server is listening.
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Deprecated in favor of \fB\-H\fP.
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.TP
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.BR \-P \ { 2 \||\| 3 }
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Specify the LDAP protocol version to use.
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.TP
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.BR \-e \ [ ! ] \fIext\fP [ =\fIextparam\fP ]
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.TP
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.BR \-E \ [ ! ] \fIext\fP [ =\fIextparam\fP ]
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Specify general extensions with \fB\-e\fP and search extensions with \fB\-E\fP.
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\'\fB!\fP\' indicates criticality.
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General extensions:
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.nf
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[!]assert=<filter> (an RFC 4515 Filter)
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!authzid=<authzid> ("dn:<dn>" or "u:<user>")
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[!]bauthzid (RFC 3829 authzid control)
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[!]chaining[=<resolve>[/<cont>]]
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[!]manageDSAit
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[!]noop
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ppolicy
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[!]postread[=<attrs>] (a comma-separated attribute list)
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[!]preread[=<attrs>] (a comma-separated attribute list)
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[!]relax
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sessiontracking[=<username>]
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abandon,cancel,ignore (SIGINT sends abandon/cancel,
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or ignores response; if critical, doesn't wait for SIGINT.
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not really controls)
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.fi
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Search extensions:
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.nf
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!dontUseCopy
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[!]domainScope (domain scope)
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[!]mv=<filter> (matched values filter)
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[!]pr=<size>[/prompt|noprompt] (paged results/prompt)
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[!]sss=[\-]<attr[:OID]>[/[\-]<attr[:OID]>...] (server side sorting)
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[!]subentries[=true|false] (subentries)
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[!]sync=ro[/<cookie>] (LDAP Sync refreshOnly)
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rp[/<cookie>][/<slimit>] (LDAP Sync refreshAndPersist)
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[!]vlv=<before>/<after>(/<offset>/<count>|:<value>) (virtual list view)
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[!]deref=derefAttr:attr[,attr[...]][;derefAttr:attr[,attr[...]]]
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[!]<oid>[=<value>]
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.fi
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.TP
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.BI \-o \ opt \fR[= optparam \fR]
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Specify general options.
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General options:
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.nf
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nettimeout=<timeout> (in seconds, or "none" or "max")
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ldif-wrap=<width> (in columns, or "no" for no wrapping)
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.fi
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.TP
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.BI \-O \ security-properties
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Specify SASL security properties.
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.TP
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.B \-I
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Enable SASL Interactive mode. Always prompt. Default is to prompt
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only as needed.
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.TP
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.B \-Q
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Enable SASL Quiet mode. Never prompt.
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.TP
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.B \-N
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Do not use reverse DNS to canonicalize SASL host name.
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.TP
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.BI \-U \ authcid
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Specify the authentication ID for SASL bind. The form of the ID
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depends on the actual SASL mechanism used.
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.TP
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.BI \-R \ realm
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Specify the realm of authentication ID for SASL bind. The form of the realm
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depends on the actual SASL mechanism used.
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.TP
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.BI \-X \ authzid
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Specify the requested authorization ID for SASL bind.
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.I authzid
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must be one of the following formats:
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.BI dn: "<distinguished name>"
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or
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.BI u: <username>
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.TP
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.BI \-Y \ mech
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Specify the SASL mechanism to be used for authentication. If it's not
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specified, the program will choose the best mechanism the server knows.
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.TP
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.BR \-Z [ Z ]
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Issue StartTLS (Transport Layer Security) extended operation. If you use
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\fB\-ZZ\fP, the command will require the operation to be successful.
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.SH OUTPUT FORMAT
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If one or more entries are found, each entry is written to standard
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output in LDAP Data Interchange Format or
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.BR ldif (5):
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.LP
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.nf
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version: 1
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# bjensen, example, net
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dn: uid=bjensen,dc=example,dc=net
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objectClass: person
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objectClass: dcObject
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uid: bjensen
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cn: Barbara Jensen
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sn: Jensen
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...
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.fi
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.LP
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If the \fB\-t\fP option is used, the URI of a temporary file
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is used in place of the actual value. If the \fB\-A\fP option
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is given, only the "attributename" part is written.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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The following command:
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.LP
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.nf
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ldapsearch \-LLL "(sn=smith)" cn sn telephoneNumber
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.fi
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.LP
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will perform a subtree search (using the default search base and
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other parameters defined in
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.BR ldap.conf (5))
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for entries with a surname (sn) of smith. The common name (cn), surname
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(sn) and telephoneNumber values will be retrieved and printed to
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standard output.
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The output might look something like this if two entries are found:
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.LP
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.nf
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dn: uid=jts,dc=example,dc=com
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cn: John Smith
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cn: John T. Smith
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sn: Smith
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sn;lang\-en: Smith
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sn;lang\-de: Schmidt
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telephoneNumber: 1 555 123\-4567
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dn: uid=sss,dc=example,dc=com
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cn: Steve Smith
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cn: Steve S. Smith
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sn: Smith
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sn;lang\-en: Smith
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sn;lang\-de: Schmidt
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telephoneNumber: 1 555 765\-4321
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.fi
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.LP
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The command:
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.LP
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.nf
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ldapsearch \-LLL \-u \-t "(uid=xyz)" jpegPhoto audio
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.fi
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.LP
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will perform a subtree search using the default search base for entries
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with user id of "xyz". The user friendly form of the entry's DN will be
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output after the line that contains the DN itself, and the jpegPhoto
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and audio values will be retrieved and written to temporary files. The
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output might look like this if one entry with one value for each of the
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requested attributes is found:
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.LP
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.nf
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dn: uid=xyz,dc=example,dc=com
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ufn: xyz, example, com
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audio:< file:///tmp/ldapsearch\-audio\-a19924
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jpegPhoto:< file:///tmp/ldapsearch\-jpegPhoto\-a19924
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.fi
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.LP
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This command:
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.LP
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.nf
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ldapsearch \-LLL \-s one \-b "c=US" "(o=University*)" o description
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.fi
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.LP
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will perform a one-level search at the c=US level for all entries
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whose organization name (o) begins begins with \fBUniversity\fP.
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The organization name and description attribute values will be retrieved
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and printed to standard output, resulting in output similar to this:
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.LP
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.nf
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dn: o=University of Alaska Fairbanks,c=US
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o: University of Alaska Fairbanks
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description: Preparing Alaska for a brave new yesterday
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description: leaf node only
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dn: o=University of Colorado at Boulder,c=US
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o: University of Colorado at Boulder
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description: No personnel information
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description: Institution of education and research
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dn: o=University of Colorado at Denver,c=US
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o: University of Colorado at Denver
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o: UCD
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o: CU/Denver
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o: CU\-Denver
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description: Institute for Higher Learning and Research
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dn: o=University of Florida,c=US
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o: University of Florida
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o: UFl
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description: Warper of young minds
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...
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.fi
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.SH DIAGNOSTICS
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Exit status is zero if no errors occur.
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Errors result in a non-zero exit status and
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a diagnostic message being written to standard error.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR ldapadd (1),
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.BR ldapdelete (1),
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.BR ldapmodify (1),
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.BR ldapmodrdn (1),
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.BR ldap.conf (5),
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.BR ldif (5),
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.BR ldap (3),
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.BR ldap_search_ext (3),
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.BR ldap_sort (3)
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.SH AUTHOR
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The OpenLDAP Project <http://www.openldap.org/>
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.SH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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.so ../Project
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