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Update ACL portion and examples. Schema section needs work.
This commit is contained in:
Kurt Zeilenga
parent
63fffb0a7d
commit
edb8fbd9ee
@ -130,25 +130,31 @@ Log levels are additive. To display what numbers correspond
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to what kind of debugging, invoke slapd with the ? flag or
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consult the table below. The possible values for <integer> are:
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*1 trace function calls
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*2 debug packet handling
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*4 heavy trace debugging
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*8 connection management
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*16 print out packets sent and received
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*32 search filter processing
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*64 configuration file processing
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*128 access control list processing
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*256 stats log connections/operations/results
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*512 stats log entries sent
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*1024 print communication with shell backends
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*2048 print entry parsing debugging
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!block table; colaligns="RL"; align=Center; \
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title="Table 5.1: Debugging Levels"
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Level Description
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-1 enable all debugging
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0 no debugging
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1 trace function calls
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2 debug packet handling
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4 heavy trace debugging
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8 connection management
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16 print out packets sent and received
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32 search filter processing
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64 configuration file processing
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128 access control list processing
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256 stats log connections/operations/results
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512 stats log entries sent
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1024 print communication with shell backends
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2048 print entry parsing debugging
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!endblock
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\Example:
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E: loglevel 255
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E: loglevel -1
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This will cause lots and lots of debugging information to be
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syslogged.
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logged.
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\Default:
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@ -421,14 +427,14 @@ maintained.
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\Example:
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> index default pres,eq
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> index objectclass,uid
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> index objectClass,uid
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> index cn,sn eq,sub,approx
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The first line sets the default to indices to maintain to present
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and equality. The second line causes the default (pres,eq) set
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of indices to be maintained for objectclass and uid. The third
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line causes equality, substring, and approximate filters to be
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maintained for cn and sn attributes.
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of indices to be maintained for objectcCass and uid attribute
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types. The third line causes equality, substring, and approximate
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filters to be maintained for cn and sn attribute types.
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H4: mode <integer>
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@ -643,11 +649,22 @@ H3: The access to grant
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The kind of <access> granted can be one of the following:
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> none | auth | compare | search | read | write
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Note that each level implies all lower levels of access. So, for
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!block table; colaligns="LRL"; align=Center; \
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title="Table 5.2: Access Levels"
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Level Privledges Description
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none no access
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auth =x needed to bind
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compare =cx needed to compare
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search =scx needed to apply search filters
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read =rscx needed to read search results
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write =wrscx needed to modify/rename
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!endblock
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Each level implies all lower levels of access. So, for
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example, granting someone write access to an entry also
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grants them read, search, compare, and auth access.
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grants them read, search, compare, and auth access. However,
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one may use the privledges specify to grant specific permissions.
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H3: Access Control Evaluation
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@ -716,10 +733,11 @@ ordering is significant.
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> access to dn=".*,dc=com"
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> by * read
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Read access is granted to entries under the {{EX:dc=com}}
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subtree, except for those entries under the {{EX:dc=example,dc=com}} subtree,
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to which search access is granted. If the
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order of these access directives was reversed, the
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Read access is granted to entries under the {{EX:dc=com}}.
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subtree, except for those entries under the {{EX:dc=example,dc=com}}
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subtree, to which search access is granted. No access to
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{{EX:dc=com}} as the neither access directive matches this DN.
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If the order of these access directives was reversed, the
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trailing directive would never be reached, since all
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{{EX:dc=example,dc=com}} entries are also {{EX:dc=com}} entries.
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@ -728,12 +746,12 @@ no {{EX:by <who>}} clause, {{B:access is denied}}. That is, every
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{{EX:access to}} directive ends with a implicit {{EX:by * none}}
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clause and access list itself ends with {{EX:access to * by * none}}
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directive. Only if no access controls are specified, is the
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defaultaccess granted.
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{{EX:defaultaccess}} granted.
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The next example again shows the importance of ordering,
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both of the access directives and the {{EX:by <who>}} clauses.
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It also shows the use of an attribute selector to grant access
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to a specific attribute and various <who> selectors.
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to a specific attribute and various {{EX:<who>}} selectors.
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> access to dn="(.*,)?dc=example,dc=com" attr=homePhone
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> by self write
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@ -744,14 +762,14 @@ to a specific attribute and various <who> selectors.
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> by dn=".*,dc=example,dc=com" search
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> by anonymous auth
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This example applies to entries in the "dc=example, dc=com"
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subtree. To all attributes except homePhone, the entry itself
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can write them, other Example.com entries can search by them,
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This example applies to entries in the "{{EX:dc=example, dc=com}}"
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subtree. To all attributes except {{EX:homePhone}}, the entry itself
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can write them, other {{EX:example.com}} entries can search by them,
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anybody else has no access ((implicit {{EX:by * none}}) excepting for
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authentication/authorization (which is always done anonymously).
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The homePhone attribute is writable by the entry, searchable
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by other Example.com entries, readable by clients connecting
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from somewhere in the example.com domain, and otherwise not
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The {{EX:homePhone}} attribute is writable by the entry, searchable
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by other {{EX:example.com}} entries, readable by clients connecting
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from somewhere in the {{EX:example.com}} domain, and otherwise not
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readable (implicit {{EX:by * none}}). All other access
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is denied by the implicit {{EX:access to * by * none}}.
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@ -765,25 +783,66 @@ it with an access directive like this:
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> by dnattr=member selfwrite
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The dnattr {{EX:<who>}} selector says that the access applies to
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entries listed in the member attribute. The selfwrite access
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entries listed in the {{EX:member}} attribute. The {{EX:selfwrite}} access
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selector says that such members can only add or delete their
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own DN from the attribute, not other values. The addition of
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the entry attribute is required because access to the entry is
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required to access any of the entry's attributes.
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Note that the attr=member construct in the {{EX:<what>}} clause is a
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shorthand for the clause "{{EX:dn=.* attr=member}}" (i.e., it matches
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the member attribute in all entries).
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Note that the {{EX:attr=member}} construct in the {{EX:<what>}}
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clause is a shorthand for the clause "{{EX:dn=.* attr=member}}"
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(i.e., it matches the {{EX:member}} attribute in all entries).
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H2: Schema Enforcement
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H2: Schema Specification
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The {{EX:objectclass}} and {{attributeTypes}} configuration file
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directives can be used to define schema rules on entries in the
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directory.
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H3: Object Identifiers
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The {{EX:objectclass}} and schemacheck configuration file directives
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can be used to enforce schema rules on entries in the
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directory. The schema rules are defined by one or more
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Each schema element is identified by a globally unique Object
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Identifier (OID). OIDs are also used to identify other objects.
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They are commonly found in protocols described by ASN.1. In
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particular, they are heavy used by Simple Network Management
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Protocol (SNMP). As OIDs are heirarchial, your organization
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can obtain one OID and branch in as needed. For example,
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if your organization were assigned OID 1.1, you could branch
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the tree as follows:
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!block table; colaligns="RL"; align=Center; \
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title="Table 5.1: Debugging Levels"
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OID Assignment
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1.1 Organization's OID
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1.1.1 SNMP Elements
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1.1.2 LDAP Elements
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1.1.2.1 AttributeTypes
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1.1.2.1.1 myAttribute
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1.1.2.2 ObjectClasses
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1.1.2.2.1 myObjectClass
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!endblock
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You are, of course, free to design a heirarchy suitable to your
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organizational needs under your organization's OID.
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.{{Under no circumstances should you use a fictious OID!}}
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To obtain a fully registered OID at {{no cost}}, apply for
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a OID under {{Internet Assigned Numbers Authority}} maintained
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{{Private Enterprise}} arch. Any private enterprise (organization)
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may request an OID to be assigned under this arch. Just fill
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out the form at {{URL: http://www.iana.org/}} and your OID will
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be sent to you usually within a few days.
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H3: AttributeType Specification
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{{B:To be specified.}}
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H3: ObjectClass Specification
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The schema rules are defined by one or more
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objectclass lines, and enforcement is turned on or off via the
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schemacheck directives. The format of an {{EX:objectclass}} line is:
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@ -793,39 +852,25 @@ This directive defines the schema rules for the object class
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given by {{EX:<name>}}. Schema rules consist of the attributes the
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entry is required to have (given by the requires {{EX:<attrs>}}
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clause) and those attributes that it may optionally have (given
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by the allows {{EX:<attrs>}} clause). In both clauses, {{EX:<attrs>}} is a
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comma-separated list of attribute names.
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by the allows {{EX:<attrs>}} clause). In both clauses, {{EX:<attrs>}}
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is a comma-separated list of attribute names.
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Note that object class inheritance (that is, defining one object
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class in terms of another) is not supported directly. All of an
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object class's required and allowed attributes must be listed
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in the objectclass definition.
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For example, to define an objectclass called myPerson, you
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For example, to define an object class called {{myPerson}}, you
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might include a definition like this:
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> objectclass myperson
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> requires cn, sn, objectclass
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> allows mail, phone, fax
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To then enforce this rule (i.e., to make sure an entry with an
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objectclass of myperson contains the cn, sn and objectclass
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attributes, and that it contains no other attributes besides
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mail, phone, and fax), turn on schema checking with a line like
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this:
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> schemacheck on
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> objectclass ( 1.2.3 NAME 'myPerson'
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> DESC 'my person'
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> MUST ( cn $ sn )
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> MAY ( mail $ phone $ fax ) )
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H2: Configuration File Example
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The following is an example configuration file, interspersed
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with explanatory text. It defines two databases to handle
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different parts of the X.500 tree; both are LDBM database
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instances. The line numbers shown are provided for
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different parts of the {{TERM:X.500}} tree; both are {{TERM:LDBM}}
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database instances. The line numbers shown are provided for
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reference only and are not included in the actual file. First, the
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global configuration section:
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@ -848,60 +893,59 @@ truelies, the other on judgmentday. Indexes are to be
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maintained for several attributes, and the {{EX:userPassword}}
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attribute is to be protected from unauthorized access.
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E: 1. # ldbm definition for the U-M database
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E: 2. database ldbm
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E: 3. suffix "dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 4. directory /usr/local/var/openldap
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E: 6. rootdn "cn=Manager, dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 7. rootpw secret
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E: 8. replogfile /usr/local/var/openldap/slapd.replog
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E: 9. replica host=slave1.example.com:389
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E: 10. binddn="cn=Replicator, dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 11. bindmethod=simple credentials=secret
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E: 12.replica host=slave2.example.com
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E: 13. binddn="cn=Replicator, dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 14. bindmethod=kerberos
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E: 15. srvtab=/etc/srvtab.slave2
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E: 16.# ldbm indexed attribute definitions
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E: 17.index cn,sn,uid pres,eq,approx,sub
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E: 18.index objectclass pres,eq
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E: 19.index default none
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E: 20.# ldbm access control definitions
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E: 21.access to attr=userPassword
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E: 23. by self write
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E: 22. by anonymous auth
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E: 23. by dn="cn=Admin,dc=example,dc=com" write
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E: 25. by * none
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E: 26.access to *
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E: 27. by self write
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E: 28. by anonymous auth
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E: 29. by dn="cn=Admin,dc=example,dc=com" write
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E: 30. by * read
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E: 4. # ldbm definition for the example.com
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E: 5. database ldbm
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E: 6. suffix "dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 7. directory /usr/local/var/openldap
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E: 8. rootdn "cn=Manager, dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 9. rootpw secret
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E: 10. replogfile /usr/local/var/openldap/slapd.replog
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E: 11. replica host=slave1.example.com:389
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E: 12. binddn="cn=Replicator, dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 13. bindmethod=simple credentials=secret
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E: 14. replica host=slave2.example.com
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E: 15. binddn="cn=Replicator, dc=example, dc=com"
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E: 16. bindmethod=kerberos
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E: 17. srvtab=/etc/srvtab.slave2
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E: 18. # ldbm indexed attribute definitions
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E: 19. index uid pres,eq
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E: 20. index cn,sn,uid pres,eq,approx,sub
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E: 21. index objectClass eq
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E: 22. # ldbm access control definitions
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E: 23. access to attr=userPassword
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E: 24. by self write
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E: 25. by anonymous auth
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E: 26. by dn="cn=Admin,dc=example,dc=com" write
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E: 27. by * none
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E: 28. access to *
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E: 29. by self write
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E: 30. by anonymous auth
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E: 31. by dn="cn=Admin,dc=example,dc=com" write
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E: 32. by * read
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Line 1 is a comment. The start of the database definition is
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marked by the database keyword on line 2. Line 3 specifies
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the DN suffix for queries to pass to this database. Line 4
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Line 4 is a comment. The start of the database definition is
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marked by the database keyword on line 5. Line 6 specifies
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the DN suffix for queries to pass to this database. Line 7
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specifies the directory in which the database files will live
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Lines 6 and 7 identify the database "super user" entry and
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Lines 8 and 9 identify the database "super user" entry and
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associated password. This entry is not subject to access
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control or size or time limit restrictions.
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Lines 8 through 15 are for replication. Line 8 specifies the
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Lines 10 through 17 are for replication. Line 10 specifies the
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replication log file (where changes to the database are logged
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\- this file is written by slapd and read by slurpd). Lines 9
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through 11 specify the hostname and port for a replicated
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\- this file is written by slapd and read by slurpd). Lines 11
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through 13 specify the hostname and port for a replicated
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host, the DN to bind as when performing updates, the bind
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method (simple) and the credentials (password) for the
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binddn. Lines 12 through 15 specify a second replication site,
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binddn. Lines 14 through 17 specify a second replication site,
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using kerberos instead of simple authentication. See Section
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10 on slurpd for more information on these directives.
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Lines 16 through 19 indicate the indexes to maintain for
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various attributes. The default is not to maintain any indexes
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(line 19).
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Lines 19 through 21 indicate the indexes to maintain for
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various attributes.
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Lines 20 through 30 specify access control for entries in the
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Lines 23 through 32 specify access control for entries in the
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database. For all entries, the {{EX:userPassword}} attribute is
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writable by the entry and the "admin" entry, may be used for
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authentication/authorization purposes, but is otherwise not
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@ -913,9 +957,9 @@ The next section of the example configuration file defines
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another LDBM database. This one handles queries involving
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the {{EX:dc=example,dc=net}} subtree.
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E: 1. # ldbm definition for Babs, Inc. database
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E: 2. database ldbm
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E: 3. suffix "dc=example, dc=net"
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E: 4. directory /usr/local/var/ldbm-example-net
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E: 5. rootdn "cn=Manager, dc=example, dc=net"
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E: 33. # ldbm definition for example.net
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E: 34. database ldbm
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E: 35. suffix "dc=example, dc=net"
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E: 36. directory /usr/local/var/ldbm-example-net
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E: 37. rootdn "cn=Manager, dc=example, dc=net"
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