mirror of
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e5d1530ca2
+ improve manpage typography. + improve discussion in curs_addch.3x of the use of unctrl to display nonprintable characters. + add a note in terminfo.5 explaining that no-parameter strings such as sgr0 or cnorm should not be used with tparm.
120 lines
5.1 KiB
Plaintext
120 lines
5.1 KiB
Plaintext
'\" t
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.\"***************************************************************************
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.\" Copyright 2018-2019,2020 Thomas E. Dickey *
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.\" Copyright 1998-2010,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
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.\" *
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.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
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.\" copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
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.\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
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.\" without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
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.\" distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
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.\" copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
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.\" furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
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.\" *
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.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
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.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
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.\" *
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
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.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
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.\" DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
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.\" OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
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.\" THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
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.\" *
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.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
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.\" holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
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.\" sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
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.\" authorization. *
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.\"***************************************************************************
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.\"
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.\" $Id: curs_inch.3x,v 1.25 2020/10/18 00:25:23 tom Exp $
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.TH curs_inch 3X ""
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.ie \n(.g .ds `` \(lq
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.el .ds `` ``
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.ie \n(.g .ds '' \(rq
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.el .ds '' ''
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.de bP
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.ie n .IP \(bu 4
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.el .IP \(bu 2
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..
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.SH NAME
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\fBinch\fR,
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\fBwinch\fR,
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\fBmvinch\fR,
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\fBmvwinch\fR \- get a character and attributes from a \fBcurses\fR window
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fB#include <curses.h>\fR
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.sp
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\fBchtype inch(void);\fR
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.br
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\fBchtype winch(WINDOW *\fP\fIwin\fP\fB);\fR
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.sp
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\fBchtype mvinch(int \fP\fIy\fP\fB, int \fP\fIx\fP\fB);\fR
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.br
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\fBchtype mvwinch(WINDOW *\fP\fIwin\fP\fB, int \fP\fIy\fP\fB, int \fP\fIx\fP\fB);\fR
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.br
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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These routines return the character, of type \fBchtype\fR, at the current
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position in the named window.
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If any attributes are set for that position,
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their values are OR'ed into the value returned.
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Constants defined in
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\fB<curses.h>\fR can be used with the \fB&\fR (logical AND) operator to
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extract the character or attributes alone.
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.
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.SS Attributes
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The following bit-masks may be AND-ed with characters returned by \fBwinch\fR.
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.
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.TS
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l l .
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\fBA_CHARTEXT\fR Bit-mask to extract character
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\fBA_ATTRIBUTES\fR Bit-mask to extract attributes
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\fBA_COLOR\fR Bit-mask to extract color-pair field information
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.TE
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.SH RETURN VALUE
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Functions with a \*(``mv\*('' prefix first perform a cursor movement using
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\fBwmove\fP, and return an error if the position is outside the window,
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or if the window pointer is null.
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.PP
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The \fBwinch\fP function does not return an error if the window contains
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characters larger than 8-bits (255).
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Only the low-order 8 bits of the character are used by \fBwinch\fP.
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.SH NOTES
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Note that all of these routines may be macros.
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.SH PORTABILITY
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These functions are described in the XSI Curses standard, Issue 4.
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.PP
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Very old systems (before standardization) provide a different function
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with the same name:
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.bP
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The \fBwinch\fP function was part of the original BSD curses library,
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which stored a 7-bit character combined with the \fIstandout\fP attribute.
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.IP
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In BSD curses, \fBwinch\fP returned only the character (as an integer)
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with the \fIstandout\fP attribute removed.
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.bP
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System V curses added support for several video attributes which
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could be combined with characters in the window.
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.IP
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Reflecting this improvement, the function was altered to return the
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character combined with all video attributes in a \fBchtype\fP value.
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.PP
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X/Open Curses does not specify
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the size and layout of attributes, color and character values in
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\fBchtype\fP; it is implementation-dependent.
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This implementation uses 8 bits for character values.
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An application using more bits, e.g., a Unicode value,
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should use the wide-character equivalents to these functions.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.TP 5
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\fBcurses\fR(3X)
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gives an overview of the WINDOW and \fBchtype\fP data types.
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.TP 5
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\fBcurs_attr\fR(3X)
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goes into more detail, pointing out portability problems and
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constraints on the use of \fBchtype\fP for returning window information.
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.TP 5
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\fBcurs_in_wch\fR(3X)
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describes comparable functions for the wide-character (ncursesw) library.
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