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47d2fb4537
+ update release notes + minor build-fixes, mostly to test-package scripts + modify check for sizeof(wchar_t) to ensure it gives useful result when cross-compiling. + drop assumption in configure script that Cygwin's linker is broken. + define NCURSES_BROKEN_LINKER if the broken-linker feature is used, to simplify configure-checks for ncurses-examples. + reassert copyright on ncurses, per discussion in ncurses FAQ: https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses.faq.html#relicensed + modify comparison in make_hash.c to correct a special case in collision handling for Caps-hpux11 + add testing utility report_hashing to check hash-tables used for terminfo and termcap names. + fix a missing prototype for _nc_free_and_exit(). + update a few comments about tack 1.07 + use an awk script to split too-long pathnames used in Ada95 sample programs for explain.txt
203 lines
7.5 KiB
Plaintext
203 lines
7.5 KiB
Plaintext
.\"***************************************************************************
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.\" Copyright 2019,2020 Thomas E. Dickey *
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.\" Copyright 2001-2015,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
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.\" *
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.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
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.\" copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
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.\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
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.\" without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
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.\" distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
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.\" copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
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.\" furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
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.\" *
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.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
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.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
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.\" *
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
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.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
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.\" DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
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.\" OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
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.\" THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
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.\" *
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.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
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.\" holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
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.\" sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
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.\" authorization. *
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.\"***************************************************************************
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.\"
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.\" $Id: curs_getcchar.3x,v 1.24 2020/02/02 23:34:34 tom Exp $
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.TH curs_getcchar 3X ""
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.de bP
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.ie n .IP \(bu 4
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.el .IP \(bu 2
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..
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.SH NAME
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\fBgetcchar\fP,
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\fBsetcchar\fP \- Get a wide character string and rendition from a \fBcchar_t\fP or set a \fBcchar_t\fP from a wide-character string
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fB#include <curses.h>\fP
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.sp
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\fBint getcchar(\fP
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.br
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.B " const cchar_t *\fIwcval\fP,"
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.br
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.B " wchar_t *\fIwch\fP,"
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.br
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.B " attr_t *\fIattrs\fP,"
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.br
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.B " short *\fIcolor_pair\fP,"
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.br
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.B " void *\fIopts\fP );"
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.sp
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.B "int setcchar("
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.br
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.B " cchar_t *\fIwcval\fP,"
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.br
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.B " const wchar_t *\fIwch\fP,"
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.br
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.B " const attr_t \fIattrs\fP,"
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.br
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.B " short \fIcolor_pair\fP,"
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.br
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.B " const void *\fIopts\fP );"
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.SS getcchar
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.PP
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The \fBgetcchar\fP function gets a wide-character string
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and rendition from a \fBcchar_t\fP argument.
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When \fIwch\fP is not a null pointer,
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the \fBgetcchar\fP function does the following:
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.bP
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Extracts information from a \fBcchar_t\fP value \fIwcval\fP
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.bP
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Stores the character attributes in the location pointed to by \fIattrs\fP
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.bP
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Stores the color-pair in the location pointed to by \fIcolor_pair\fP
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.bP
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Stores the wide-character string,
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characters referenced by \fIwcval\fP, into the array pointed to by \fIwch\fP.
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.PP
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When
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\fIwch\fP
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is a null pointer, the
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\fBgetcchar\fP
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function does the following:
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.bP
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Obtains the number of wide characters pointed to by \fIwcval\fP
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.bP
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Does not change the data referenced by
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\fIattrs\fP
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or
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\fIcolor_pair\fP
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.SS setcchar
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.PP
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The \fBsetcchar\fP function initializes the location pointed to by \fIwcval\fP
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by using:
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.bP
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The character attributes in
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\fIattrs\fP
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.bP
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The color pair in
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\fIcolor_pair\fP
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.bP
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The wide-character string pointed to by \fIwch\fP.
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The string must be L'\\0' terminated,
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contain at most one spacing character,
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which must be the first.
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.IP
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Up to \fBCCHARW_MAX\fP\-1 nonspacing characters may follow.
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Additional nonspacing characters are ignored.
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.IP
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The string may contain a single control character instead.
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In that case, no nonspacing characters are allowed.
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.SH EXTENSIONS
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.PP
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X/Open Curses documents the \fIopts\fP argument as reserved for future use,
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saying that it must be null.
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This implementation
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uses that parameter in ABI 6 for the functions which have a color-pair
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parameter to support extended color pairs:
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.bP
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For functions which modify the color, e.g., \fBsetcchar\fP,
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if \fIopts\fP is set it is treated as a pointer to \fBint\fP,
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and used to set the color pair instead of the \fBshort\fP pair parameter.
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.bP
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For functions which retrieve the color, e.g., \fBgetcchar\fP,
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if \fIopts\fP is set it is treated as a pointer to \fBint\fP,
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and used to retrieve the color pair as an \fBint\fP value,
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in addition retrieving it via the standard pointer to \fBshort\fP parameter.
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.SH NOTES
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.PP
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The \fIwcval\fP argument may be a value generated by a call to
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\fBsetcchar\fP or by a function that has a \fBcchar_t\fP output argument.
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If \fIwcval\fP is constructed by any other means, the effect is unspecified.
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.SH RETURN VALUE
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.PP
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When \fIwch\fP is a null pointer,
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\fBgetcchar\fP returns the number of wide characters referenced by
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\fIwcval\fP,
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including one for a trailing null.
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.PP
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When \fIwch\fP is not a null pointer,
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\fBgetcchar\fP returns \fBOK\fP upon successful completion,
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and \fBERR\fP otherwise.
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.PP
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Upon successful completion, \fBsetcchar\fP returns \fBOK\fP.
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Otherwise, it returns \fBERR\fP.
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.SH PORTABILITY
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The \fBCCHARW_MAX\fP symbol is specific to ncurses.
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X/Open Curses does not provide details for the layout of the \fBcchar_t\fP
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structure.
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It tells what data are stored in it:
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.bP
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a spacing character (\fBwchar_t\fP, i.e., 32-bits).
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.bP
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non-spacing characters (again, \fBwchar_t\fP's).
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.bP
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attributes (at least 16 bits, inferred from the various ACS- and WACS-flags).
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.bP
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color pair (at least 16 bits, inferred from the \fBunsigned short\fP type).
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.PP
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The non-spacing characters are optional,
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in the sense that zero or more may be stored in a \fBcchar_t\fP.
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XOpen/Curses specifies a limit:
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.RS 4
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.PP
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Implementations may limit the number of non-spacing characters that can be
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associated with a spacing character, provided any limit is at least 5.
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.RE
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.PP
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The Unix implementations at the time follow that limit:
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.bP
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AIX\ 4 and OSF1\ 4 use the same declaration with an array of 5 non-spacing
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characters \fIz\fP and a single spacing character \fIc\fP.
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.bP
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HP-UX\ 10 uses an opaque structure with 28 bytes,
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which is large enough for the 6 \fBwchar_t\fP values.
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.bP
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Solaris xpg4 curses uses a single array of 6 \fBwchar_t\fP values.
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.PP
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This implementation's \fBcchar_t\fP was defined in 1995
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using \fB5\fP for the total of spacing and non-spacing characters
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(\fBCCHARW_MAX\fP).
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That was probably due to a misreading of the AIX\ 4 header files,
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because the X/Open Curses document was not generally available at that time.
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Later (in 2002), this detail was overlooked when beginning to implement
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the functions using the structure.
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.PP
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In practice, even four non-spacing characters may seem enough.
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X/Open Curses documents possible uses for non-spacing characters,
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including using them for ligatures between characters
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(a feature apparently not supported by any curses implementation).
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Unicode does not limit the (analogous) number of combining characters,
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so some applications may be affected.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.PP
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Functions:
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\fBcurs_attr\fR(3X),
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\fBcurs_color\fR(3X),
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\fBcurses\fR(3X),
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\fBwcwidth\fR(3).
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