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<H1 class="no-header">tput 1</H1>
<PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="tput.1.html">tput(1)</A></STRONG>                                                         <STRONG><A HREF="tput.1.html">tput(1)</A></STRONG>




</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG>,  <STRONG>reset</STRONG>  -  initialize  a  terminal or query terminfo
       database


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <EM>capname</EM> [<EM>parameters</EM>]
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <STRONG>clear</STRONG>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <STRONG>init</STRONG>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <STRONG>reset</STRONG>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <STRONG>longname</STRONG>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-S</STRONG>  <STRONG>&lt;&lt;</STRONG>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-V</STRONG>


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
       The <STRONG>tput</STRONG> utility uses the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database  to  make  the
       values  of terminal-dependent capabilities and information
       available to the shell (see <STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG>), to initialize or reset
       the  terminal,  or  return  the long name of the requested
       terminal type.  The result depends upon  the  capability's
       type:

          string
               <STRONG>tput</STRONG> writes the string to the standard output.  No
               trailing newline is supplied.

          integer
               <STRONG>tput</STRONG> writes the decimal value to the standard out-
               put, with a trailing newline.

          boolean
               <STRONG>tput</STRONG>  simply sets the exit code (<STRONG>0</STRONG> for TRUE if the
               terminal has the capability, <STRONG>1</STRONG>  for  FALSE  if  it
               does not), and writes nothing to the standard out-
               put.

       Before using a value returned on the standard output,  the
       application  should  test  the  exit  code  (e.g., <STRONG>$?</STRONG>, see
       <STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG>) to be sure it is <STRONG>0</STRONG>.  (See the <STRONG>EXIT</STRONG> <STRONG>CODES</STRONG> and  <STRONG>DIAG-</STRONG>
       <STRONG>NOSTICS</STRONG>  sections.)   For  a complete list of capabilities
       and the <EM>capname</EM> associated with each, see <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>.


</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Options">Options</a></H3><PRE>
       <STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM> indicates the  <EM>type</EM>  of  terminal.   Normally  this
              option is unnecessary, because the default is taken
              from the environment variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>.  If <STRONG>-T</STRONG> is spec-
              ified,  then  the shell variables <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> and <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG>
              will also be ignored.

       <STRONG>-S</STRONG>     allows more than one capability per  invocation  of
              <STRONG>tput</STRONG>.  The capabilities must be passed to <STRONG>tput</STRONG> from
              the standard input instead of from the command line
              (see  example).   Only  one  <EM>capname</EM> is allowed per
              line.  The <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option changes the meaning of  the  <STRONG>0</STRONG>
              and  <STRONG>1</STRONG>  boolean and string exit codes (see the EXIT
              CODES section).

              Again, <STRONG>tput</STRONG> uses a table and the presence of param-
              eters  in  its  input  to  decide  whether  to  use
              <STRONG><A HREF="tparm.3x.html">tparm(3x)</A></STRONG>, and how to interpret the parameters.

       <STRONG>-V</STRONG>     reports the version of ncurses which  was  used  in
              this program, and exits.


</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Commands">Commands</a></H3><PRE>
       <EM>capname</EM>
              indicates  the  capability  from the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> data-
              base.  When <STRONG>termcap</STRONG> support  is  compiled  in,  the
              <STRONG>termcap</STRONG> name for the capability is also accepted.

              If  the  capability  is a string that takes parame-
              ters, the arguments following the  capability  will
              be used as parameters for the string.

              Most  parameters  are numbers.  Only a few terminfo
              capabilities require string parameters; <STRONG>tput</STRONG> uses a
              table to decide which to pass as strings.  Normally
              <STRONG>tput</STRONG> uses <STRONG><A HREF="tparm.3x.html">tparm(3x)</A></STRONG> to  perform  the  substitution.
              If no parameters are given for the capability, <STRONG>tput</STRONG>
              writes the string without performing the  substitu-
              tion.

       <STRONG>init</STRONG>   If  the  <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG>  database is present and an entry
              for the user's terminal exists (see <STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>, above),
              the following will occur:

              (1)  if   present,  the  terminal's  initialization
                   strings will be output as detailed in the <STRONG>ter-</STRONG>
                   <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">minfo(5)</A></STRONG> section on <EM>Tabs</EM> <EM>and</EM> <EM>Initialization</EM>,

              (2)  any  delays  (e.g.,  newline) specified in the
                   entry will be set in the tty driver,

              (3)  tabs  expansion  will  be  turned  on  or  off
                   according  to  the specification in the entry,
                   and

              (4)  if tabs are not expanded, standard  tabs  will
                   be set (every 8 spaces).

              If an entry does not contain the information needed
              for any of these  activities,  that  activity  will
              silently be skipped.

       <STRONG>reset</STRONG>  Instead  of putting out initialization strings, the
              terminal's reset strings will be output if  present
              (<STRONG>rs1</STRONG>,  <STRONG>rs2</STRONG>, <STRONG>rs3</STRONG>, <STRONG>rf</STRONG>).  If the reset strings are not
              present, but initialization strings are,  the  ini-
              tialization  strings  will  be  output.  Otherwise,
              <STRONG>reset</STRONG> acts identically to <STRONG>init</STRONG>.

       <STRONG>longname</STRONG>
              If the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database is present  and  an  entry
              for  the user's terminal exists (see <STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM> above),
              then the long name of the terminal will be put out.
              The long name is the last name in the first line of
              the terminal's description in the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database
              [see <STRONG><A HREF="term.5.html">term(5)</A></STRONG>].


</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Aliases">Aliases</a></H3><PRE>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG>  handles  the  <STRONG>init</STRONG>  and <STRONG>reset</STRONG> commands specially: it
       allows for the possibility that it is invoked  by  a  link
       with those names.

       If  <STRONG>tput</STRONG>  is  invoked  by a link named <STRONG>reset</STRONG>, this has the
       same effect as  <STRONG>tput</STRONG>  <STRONG>reset</STRONG>.   The  <STRONG><A HREF="tset.1.html">tset(1)</A></STRONG>  utility  also
       treats a link named <STRONG>reset</STRONG> specially:

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   That  utility  resets  the  terminal modes and special
           characters (not done here).

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   On the other hand, tset's repertoire of terminal capa-
           bilities  for  resetting the terminal is more limited,
           i.e., only <STRONG>reset_1string</STRONG>, <STRONG>reset_2string</STRONG> and <STRONG>reset_file</STRONG>
           in contrast to the tab-stops and margins which are set
           by this utility.

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   The <STRONG>reset</STRONG> program is usually an alias for tset, due to
           the  resetting  of  terminal modes and special charac-
           ters.

       If <STRONG>tput</STRONG> is invoked by a link named <STRONG>init</STRONG>, this has the same
       effect  as  <STRONG>tput</STRONG>  <STRONG>init</STRONG>.  Again, you are less likely to use
       that link because another program named <STRONG>init</STRONG>  has  a  more
       well-established use.


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></H2><PRE>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>init</STRONG>
            Initialize the terminal according to the type of ter-
            minal in the environmental variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>.  This  com-
            mand  should be included in everyone's .profile after
            the environmental variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> has been exported, as
            illustrated on the <STRONG>profile(5)</STRONG> manual page.

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T5620</STRONG> <STRONG>reset</STRONG>
            Reset  an  AT&amp;T 5620 terminal, overriding the type of
            terminal in the environmental variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>.

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG> <STRONG>0</STRONG> <STRONG>0</STRONG>
            Send the sequence to move the cursor to row <STRONG>0</STRONG>, column
            <STRONG>0</STRONG> (the upper left corner of the screen, usually known
            as the "home" cursor position).

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>clear</STRONG>
            Echo the clear-screen sequence for the current termi-
            nal.

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cols</STRONG>
            Print the number of columns for the current terminal.

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T450</STRONG> <STRONG>cols</STRONG>
            Print the number of columns for the 450 terminal.

       <STRONG>bold=`tput</STRONG> <STRONG>smso`</STRONG> <STRONG>offbold=`tput</STRONG> <STRONG>rmso`</STRONG>
            Set the shell variables <STRONG>bold</STRONG>, to begin stand-out mode
            sequence, and <STRONG>offbold</STRONG>, to end standout mode sequence,
            for  the current terminal.  This might be followed by
            a prompt: <STRONG>echo</STRONG>  <STRONG>"${bold}Please</STRONG>  <STRONG>type</STRONG>  <STRONG>in</STRONG>  <STRONG>your</STRONG>  <STRONG>name:</STRONG>
            <STRONG>${offbold}\c"</STRONG>

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>hc</STRONG>
            Set  exit code to indicate if the current terminal is
            a hard copy terminal.

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG> <STRONG>23</STRONG> <STRONG>4</STRONG>
            Send the sequence to move the cursor to row 23,  col-
            umn 4.

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG>
            Send the terminfo string for cursor-movement, with no
            parameters substituted.

       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>longname</STRONG>
            Print the long name from the  <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG>  database  for
            the  type  of terminal specified in the environmental
            variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>.

            <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-S</STRONG> <STRONG>&lt;&lt;!</STRONG>
            <STRONG>&gt;</STRONG> <STRONG>clear</STRONG>
            <STRONG>&gt;</STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG> <STRONG>10</STRONG> <STRONG>10</STRONG>
            <STRONG>&gt;</STRONG> <STRONG>bold</STRONG>
            <STRONG>&gt;</STRONG> <STRONG>!</STRONG>

            This example shows <STRONG>tput</STRONG> processing several  capabili-
            ties  in one invocation.  It clears the screen, moves
            the cursor to position  10,  10  and  turns  on  bold
            (extra  bright)  mode.   The list is terminated by an
            exclamation mark (<STRONG>!</STRONG>) on a line by itself.


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-FILES">FILES</a></H2><PRE>
       <STRONG>/usr/share/terminfo</STRONG>
              compiled terminal description database

       <STRONG>/usr/share/tabset/*</STRONG>
              tab settings for some terminals, in a format appro-
              priate   to  be  output  to  the  terminal  (escape
              sequences that set  margins  and  tabs);  for  more
              information,  see the <EM>Tabs</EM> <EM>and</EM> <EM>Initialization</EM>, sec-
              tion of <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXIT-CODES">EXIT CODES</a></H2><PRE>
       If the <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option is used, <STRONG>tput</STRONG> checks for errors from each
       line,  and if any errors are found, will set the exit code
       to 4 plus the number of lines with errors.  If  no  errors
       are  found,  the  exit  code is <STRONG>0</STRONG>.  No indication of which
       line failed can be given so exit code <STRONG>1</STRONG> will never appear.
       Exit  codes <STRONG>2</STRONG>, <STRONG>3</STRONG>, and <STRONG>4</STRONG> retain their usual interpretation.
       If the <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option is not used, the exit code depends on the
       type of <EM>capname</EM>:

          <EM>boolean</EM>
                 a value of <STRONG>0</STRONG> is set for TRUE and <STRONG>1</STRONG> for FALSE.

          <EM>string</EM> a  value  of  <STRONG>0</STRONG> is set if the <EM>capname</EM> is defined
                 for this terminal <EM>type</EM> (the value of <EM>capname</EM>  is
                 returned  on  standard  output); a value of <STRONG>1</STRONG> is
                 set if <EM>capname</EM> is not defined for this  terminal
                 <EM>type</EM> (nothing is written to standard output).

          <EM>integer</EM>
                 a  value of <STRONG>0</STRONG> is always set, whether or not <EM>cap-</EM>
                 <EM>name</EM> is defined  for  this  terminal  <EM>type</EM>.   To
                 determine  if <EM>capname</EM> is defined for this termi-
                 nal <EM>type</EM>, the user must test the  value  written
                 to  standard  output.   A value of <STRONG>-1</STRONG> means that
                 <EM>capname</EM> is not defined for this terminal <EM>type</EM>.

          <EM>other</EM>  <STRONG>reset</STRONG> or <STRONG>init</STRONG> may fail to find their  respective
                 files.   In that case, the exit code is set to 4
                 + <STRONG>errno</STRONG>.

       Any other exit code indicates an error; see  the  DIAGNOS-
       TICS section.


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></H2><PRE>
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG> prints the following error messages and sets the cor-
       responding exit codes.

       exit code   error message
       ---------------------------------------------------------------------
       <STRONG>0</STRONG>           (<EM>capname</EM> is a numeric variable that is not specified  in
                   the  <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>  database  for this terminal type, e.g.
                   <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T450</STRONG> <STRONG>lines</STRONG> and <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T2621</STRONG> <STRONG>xmc</STRONG>)
       <STRONG>1</STRONG>           no error message is printed, see the <STRONG>EXIT</STRONG> <STRONG>CODES</STRONG> section.
       <STRONG>2</STRONG>           usage error
       <STRONG>3</STRONG>           unknown terminal <EM>type</EM> or no <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database
       <STRONG>4</STRONG>           unknown <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> capability <EM>capname</EM>
       <STRONG>&gt;4</STRONG>          error occurred in -S
       ---------------------------------------------------------------------


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></H2><PRE>
       The <STRONG>tput</STRONG> command was begun by Bill Joy in 1980.  The  ini-
       tial version only cleared the screen.

       AT&amp;T  System  V  provided  a different <STRONG>tput</STRONG> command, whose
       <STRONG>init</STRONG> and <STRONG>reset</STRONG>  subcommands (more than half  the  program)
       were incorporated from the <STRONG>reset</STRONG> feature of BSD <STRONG>tset</STRONG> writ-
       ten by Eric Allman.  Later the corresponding  source  code
       for  <EM>reset</EM>  was  removed  from the BSD <STRONG>tset</STRONG> (in June 1993,
       released in 4.4BSD-Lite a year later).

       Keith Bostic replaced the BSD <STRONG>tput</STRONG> command in 1989 with  a
       new  implementation  based  on  the  AT&amp;T System V program
       <STRONG>tput</STRONG>.  Like the AT&amp;T program,  Bostic's  version  accepted
       some  parameters  named  for <EM>terminfo</EM> <EM>capabilities</EM> (<STRONG>clear</STRONG>,
       <STRONG>init</STRONG>, <STRONG>longname</STRONG> and <STRONG>reset</STRONG>).  However (because he  had  only
       termcap  available),  it  accepted <EM>termcap</EM> <EM>names</EM> for other
       capabilities.  Also, Bostic's BSD <STRONG>tput</STRONG> did not modify  the
       terminal I/O modes as the earlier BSD <STRONG>tset</STRONG> had done.

       At  the  same  time,  Bostic  added  a  shell script named
       "clear", which used <STRONG>tput</STRONG> to clear the screen.

       Both of these appeared in 4.4BSD,  becoming  the  "modern"
       BSD implementation of <STRONG>tput</STRONG>.


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
       This  implementation of <STRONG>tput</STRONG> differs from AT&amp;T <STRONG>tput</STRONG> in two
       important areas:

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   tput <EM>capname</EM> writes to the standard output.  That need
           not  be  a regular terminal.  However, the subcommands
           which manipulate terminal modes may not use the  stan-
           dard output.

           The  AT&amp;T implementation's <STRONG>init</STRONG> and <STRONG>reset</STRONG> commands use
           the BSD (4.1c) <STRONG>tset</STRONG> source, which manipulates terminal
           modes.   It  successively tries standard output, stan-
           dard error, standard  input  before  falling  back  to
           "/dev/tty" and finally just assumes a 1200Bd terminal.
           When updating terminal modes, it ignores errors.

           Until changes made after ncurses  6.0,  tput  did  not
           modify  terminal  modes.   tput  now  uses  a  similar
           scheme, using functions shared with  tset  (and  ulti-
           mately  based  on the 4.4BSD <STRONG>tset</STRONG>).  If it is not able
           to open a terminal, e.g., when running in  <STRONG>cron</STRONG>,  tput
           will return an error.

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   AT&amp;T  <STRONG>tput</STRONG> guesses the type of its <EM>capname</EM> operands by
           seeing if all of the characters are numeric, or not.

           Most implementations which provide support for <EM>capname</EM>
           operands  use  the <EM>tparm</EM> function to expand parameters
           in it.  That function expects a mixture of numeric and
           string  parameters,  requiring <STRONG>tput</STRONG> to know which type
           to use.

           This implementation uses  a  table  to  determine  the
           parameter types for the standard <EM>capname</EM> operands, and
           an internal library function  to  analyze  nonstandard
           <EM>capname</EM> operands.

       The  <STRONG>longname</STRONG>  and <STRONG>-S</STRONG> options, and the parameter-substitu-
       tion features used in the <STRONG>cup</STRONG> example, were not  supported
       in  BSD curses before 4.3reno (1989) or in AT&amp;T/USL curses
       before SVr4 (1988).

       IEEE Std 1003.1/The Open Group  Base Specifications  Issue
       7  (POSIX.1-2008)  documents  only the operands for <STRONG>clear</STRONG>,
       <STRONG>init</STRONG> and <STRONG>reset</STRONG>.  There are a few interesting  observations
       to make regarding that:

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   In  this  implementation, <STRONG>clear</STRONG> is part of the <EM>capname</EM>
           support.  The others (<STRONG>init</STRONG> and <STRONG>longname</STRONG>) do not corre-
           spond to terminal capabilities.

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   Other  implementations  of  <STRONG>tput</STRONG> on SVr4-based systems
           such as Solaris, IRIX64 and HPUX  as  well  as  others
           such  as AIX and Tru64 provide support for <EM>capname</EM> op-
           erands.

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   A few platforms  such  as  FreeBSD  recognize  termcap
           names  rather  than terminfo capability names in their
           respective <STRONG>tput</STRONG> commands.  Since 2010,  NetBSD's  <STRONG>tput</STRONG>
           uses  terminfo  names.  Before that, it (like FreeBSD)
           recognized termcap names.

       Because (apparently) <EM>all</EM> of  the  certified  Unix  systems
       support  the  full  set of capability names, the reasoning
       for documenting only a few may not be apparent.

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   X/Open Curses Issue 7 documents <STRONG>tput</STRONG> differently, with
           <EM>capname</EM>  and the other features used in this implemen-
           tation.

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   That is, there are two standards for  <STRONG>tput</STRONG>:  POSIX  (a
           subset)  and  X/Open Curses (the full implementation).
           POSIX documents a subset to avoid the complication  of
           including  X/Open Curses and the terminal capabilities
           database.

       <STRONG>o</STRONG>   While it is certainly possible to write a <STRONG>tput</STRONG> program
           without using curses, none of the systems which have a
           curses implementation provide  a  <STRONG>tput</STRONG>  utility  which
           does not provide the <EM>capname</EM> feature.


</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
       <STRONG><A HREF="clear.1.html">clear(1)</A></STRONG>,    <STRONG>stty(1)</STRONG>,   <STRONG><A HREF="tabs.1.html">tabs(1)</A></STRONG>,   <STRONG><A HREF="tset.1.html">tset(1)</A></STRONG>,   <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>,
       <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>.

       This describes <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> version 6.0 (patch 20161015).



                                                                <STRONG><A HREF="tput.1.html">tput(1)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#h3-Options">Options</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-Commands">Commands</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-Aliases">Aliases</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#h2-EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-FILES">FILES</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-EXIT-CODES">EXIT CODES</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
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