nasm/output/outrdf.c

/* outrdf.c	output routines for the Netwide Assembler to produce
 *		RDOFF format object files (which are intended mainly
 *		for use in proprietary projects, as the code to load and
 *		execute them is very simple). They will also be used
 *		for device drivers and possibly some executable files
 *		in the MOSCOW operating system. See Rdoff.txt for
 *		details.
 *
 * The Netwide Assembler is copyright (C) 1996 Simon Tatham and
 * Julian Hall. All rights reserved. The software is
 * redistributable under the licence given in the file "Licence"
 * distributed in the NASM archive.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "nasm.h"
#include "nasmlib.h"
#include "outform.h"

/* VERBOSE_WARNINGS: define this to add some extra warnings... */
#define VERBOSE_WARNINGS

#ifdef OF_RDF

typedef int16_t int16;            /* not sure if this will be required to be altered
                                   at all... best to typedef it just in case */

static const int8_t *RDOFFId = "RDOFF1";  /* written to start of RDOFF files */

/* the records that can be found in the RDOFF header */

/* Note that whenever a segment is referred to in the RDOFF file, its number
 * is always half of the segment number that NASM uses to refer to it; this
 * is because NASM only allocates even numbered segments, so as to not
 * waste any of the 16 bits of segment number written to the file - this
 * allows up to 65533 external labels to be defined; otherwise it would be
 * 32764. */

struct RelocRec {
    int8_t type;                  /* must be 1 */
    int8_t segment;               /* only 0 for code, or 1 for data supported,
                                 * but add 64 for relative refs (ie do not require
                                 * reloc @ loadtime, only linkage) */
    int32_t offset;                /* from start of segment in which reference is loc'd */
    int8_t length;                /* 1 2 or 4 bytes */
    int16 refseg;               /* segment to which reference refers to */
};

struct ImportRec {
    int8_t type;                  /* must be 2 */
    int16 segment;              /* segment number allocated to the label for reloc
                                 * records - label is assumed to be at offset zero
                                 * in this segment, so linker must fix up with offset
                                 * of segment and of offset within segment */
    int8_t label[33];             /* zero terminated... should be written to file until
                                 * the zero, but not after it - max len = 32 chars */
};

struct ExportRec {
    int8_t type;                  /* must be 3 */
    int8_t segment;               /* segment referred to (0/1) */
    int32_t offset;                /* offset within segment */
    int8_t label[33];             /* zero terminated as above. max len = 32 chars */
};

struct DLLRec {
    int8_t type;                  /* must be 4 */
    int8_t libname[128];          /* name of library to link with at load time */
};

struct BSSRec {
    int8_t type;                  /* must be 5 */
    int32_t amount;                /* number of bytes BSS to reserve */
};

/* code for managing buffers needed to seperate code and data into individual
 * sections until they are ready to be written to the file.
 * We'd better hope that it all fits in memory else we're buggered... */

#define BUF_BLOCK_LEN 4088      /* selected to match page size (4096)
                                 * on 80x86 machines for efficiency */

typedef struct memorybuffer {
    int length;
    int8_t buffer[BUF_BLOCK_LEN];
    struct memorybuffer *next;
} memorybuffer;

static memorybuffer *newmembuf(void)
{
    memorybuffer *t;

    t = nasm_malloc(sizeof(memorybuffer));

    t->length = 0;
    t->next = NULL;
    return t;
}

static void membufwrite(memorybuffer * b, void *data, int bytes)
{
    int16 w;
    int32_t l;

    if (b->next) {              /* memory buffer full - use next buffer */
        membufwrite(b->next, data, bytes);
        return;
    }
    if ((bytes < 0 && b->length - bytes > BUF_BLOCK_LEN)
        || (bytes > 0 && b->length + bytes > BUF_BLOCK_LEN)) {

        /* buffer full and no next allocated... allocate and initialize next
         * buffer */

        b->next = newmembuf();
        membufwrite(b->next, data, bytes);
        return;
    }

    switch (bytes) {
    case -4:                   /* convert to little-endian */
        l = *(int32_t *)data;
        b->buffer[b->length++] = l & 0xFF;
        l >>= 8;
        b->buffer[b->length++] = l & 0xFF;
        l >>= 8;
        b->buffer[b->length++] = l & 0xFF;
        l >>= 8;
        b->buffer[b->length++] = l & 0xFF;
        break;

    case -2:
        w = *(int16 *) data;
        b->buffer[b->length++] = w & 0xFF;
        w >>= 8;
        b->buffer[b->length++] = w & 0xFF;
        break;

    default:
        while (bytes--) {
            b->buffer[b->length++] = *(*(uint8_t **)&data);

            (*(uint8_t **)&data)++;
        }
        break;
    }
}

static void membufdump(memorybuffer * b, FILE * fp)
{
    if (!b)
        return;

    fwrite(b->buffer, 1, b->length, fp);

    membufdump(b->next, fp);
}

static int membuflength(memorybuffer * b)
{
    if (!b)
        return 0;
    return b->length + membuflength(b->next);
}

static void freemembuf(memorybuffer * b)
{
    if (!b)
        return;
    freemembuf(b->next);
    nasm_free(b);
}

/***********************************************************************
 * Actual code to deal with RDOFF ouput format begins here...
 */

/* global variables set during the initialisation phase */

static memorybuffer *seg[2];    /* seg 0 = code, seg 1 = data */
static memorybuffer *header;    /* relocation/import/export records */

static FILE *ofile;

static efunc error;

static int segtext, segdata, segbss;
static int32_t bsslength;

static void rdf_init(FILE * fp, efunc errfunc, ldfunc ldef, evalfunc eval)
{
    ofile = fp;
    error = errfunc;
    seg[0] = newmembuf();
    seg[1] = newmembuf();
    header = newmembuf();
    segtext = seg_alloc();
    segdata = seg_alloc();
    segbss = seg_alloc();
    if (segtext != 0 || segdata != 2 || segbss != 4)
        error(ERR_PANIC,
              "rdf segment numbers not allocated as expected (%d,%d,%d)",
              segtext, segdata, segbss);
    bsslength = 0;
}

static int32_t rdf_section_names(int8_t *name, int pass, int *bits)
{
    /*
     * Default is 32 bits.
     */
    if (!name)
        *bits = 32;

    if (!name)
        return 0;
    if (!strcmp(name, ".text"))
        return 0;
    else if (!strcmp(name, ".data"))
        return 2;
    else if (!strcmp(name, ".bss"))
        return 4;
    else
        return NO_SEG;
}

static void write_reloc_rec(struct RelocRec *r)
{
    if (r->refseg != NO_SEG && (r->refseg & 1))
        error(ERR_NONFATAL, "RDF format does not support segment base"
              " references");

    r->refseg >>= 1;            /* adjust segment nos to RDF rather than NASM */

    membufwrite(header, &r->type, 1);
    membufwrite(header, &r->segment, 1);
    membufwrite(header, &r->offset, -4);
    membufwrite(header, &r->length, 1);
    membufwrite(header, &r->refseg, -2);        /* 9 bytes written */
}

static void write_export_rec(struct ExportRec *r)
{
    r->segment >>= 1;

    membufwrite(header, &r->type, 1);
    membufwrite(header, &r->segment, 1);
    membufwrite(header, &r->offset, -4);
    membufwrite(header, r->label, strlen(r->label) + 1);
}

static void write_import_rec(struct ImportRec *r)
{
    r->segment >>= 1;

    membufwrite(header, &r->type, 1);
    membufwrite(header, &r->segment, -2);
    membufwrite(header, r->label, strlen(r->label) + 1);
}

static void write_bss_rec(struct BSSRec *r)
{
    membufwrite(header, &r->type, 1);
    membufwrite(header, &r->amount, -4);
}

static void write_dll_rec(struct DLLRec *r)
{
    membufwrite(header, &r->type, 1);
    membufwrite(header, r->libname, strlen(r->libname) + 1);
}

static void rdf_deflabel(int8_t *name, int32_t segment, int32_t offset,
                         int is_global, int8_t *special)
{
    struct ExportRec r;
    struct ImportRec ri;
#ifdef VERBOSE_WARNINGS
    static int warned_common = 0;
#endif

    if (special)
        error(ERR_NONFATAL, "RDOFF format does not support any"
              " special symbol types");

    if (name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.' && name[2] != '@') {
        error(ERR_NONFATAL, "unrecognised special symbol `%s'", name);
        return;
    }

    if (is_global == 2) {
#ifdef VERBOSE_WARNINGS
        if (!warned_common) {
            error(ERR_WARNING,
                  "common declarations not supported: using extern");
            warned_common = 1;
        }
#endif
        is_global = 1;
    }

    if (segment > 4) {          /* EXTERN declaration */
        ri.type = 2;
        ri.segment = segment;
        strncpy(ri.label, name, 32);
        ri.label[32] = 0;
        write_import_rec(&ri);
    } else if (is_global) {
        r.type = 3;
        r.segment = segment;
        r.offset = offset;
        strncpy(r.label, name, 32);
        r.label[32] = 0;
        write_export_rec(&r);
    }
}

static void rdf_out(int32_t segto, void *data, uint32_t type,
                    int32_t segment, int32_t wrt)
{
    int32_t bytes = type & OUT_SIZMASK;
    struct RelocRec rr;
    uint8_t databuf[8], *pd;

    if (segto == NO_SEG) {
        if ((type & OUT_TYPMASK) != OUT_RESERVE)
            error(ERR_NONFATAL,
                  "attempt to assemble code in ABSOLUTE space");
        return;
    }

    segto >>= 1;                /* convert NASM segment no to RDF number */

    if (segto != 0 && segto != 1 && segto != 2) {
        error(ERR_NONFATAL,
              "specified segment not supported by rdf output format");
        return;
    }

    if (wrt != NO_SEG) {
        wrt = NO_SEG;           /* continue to do _something_ */
        error(ERR_NONFATAL, "WRT not supported by rdf output format");
    }

    type &= OUT_TYPMASK;

    if (segto == 2 && type != OUT_RESERVE) {
        error(ERR_NONFATAL, "BSS segments may not be initialized");

        /* just reserve the space for now... */

        if (type == OUT_REL2ADR)
            bytes = 2;
        else
            bytes = 4;
        type = OUT_RESERVE;
    }

    if (type == OUT_RESERVE) {
        if (segto == 2)         /* BSS segment space reserverd */
            bsslength += bytes;
        else
            while (bytes--)
                membufwrite(seg[segto], databuf, 1);
    } else if (type == OUT_RAWDATA) {
        if (segment != NO_SEG)
            error(ERR_PANIC, "OUT_RAWDATA with other than NO_SEG");
        membufwrite(seg[segto], data, bytes);
    } else if (type == OUT_ADDRESS) {

        /* if segment == NO_SEG then we are writing an address of an
           object within the same segment - do not produce reloc rec. */

        if (segment != NO_SEG) {

            /* it's an address, so we must write a relocation record */

            rr.type = 1;        /* type signature */
            rr.segment = segto; /* segment we're currently in */
            rr.offset = membuflength(seg[segto]);       /* current offset */
            rr.length = bytes;  /* length of reference */
            rr.refseg = segment;        /* segment referred to */
            write_reloc_rec(&rr);
        }

        pd = databuf;           /* convert address to little-endian */
        if (bytes == 4)
            WRITELONG(pd, *(int32_t *)data);
        else if (bytes == 8)
            WRITEDLONG(pd, *(int64_t *)data);
        else
            WRITESHORT(pd, *(int32_t *)data);
            

        membufwrite(seg[segto], databuf, bytes);

    } else if (type == OUT_REL2ADR) {
        if (segment == segto)
            error(ERR_PANIC, "intra-segment OUT_REL2ADR");
        if (segment != NO_SEG && segment % 2) {
            error(ERR_NONFATAL,
                  "rdf format does not support segment base refs");
        }

        rr.type = 1;            /* type signature */
        rr.segment = segto + 64;        /* segment we're currently in + rel flag */
        rr.offset = membuflength(seg[segto]);   /* current offset */
        rr.length = 2;          /* length of reference */
        rr.refseg = segment;    /* segment referred to */
        write_reloc_rec(&rr);

        /* work out what to put in the code: offset of the end of this operand,
         * subtracted from any data specified, so that loader can just add
         * address of imported symbol onto it to get address relative to end of
         * instruction: import_address + data(offset) - end_of_instrn */

        rr.offset = *(int32_t *)data - (rr.offset + bytes);

        membufwrite(seg[segto], &rr.offset, -2);
    } else if (type == OUT_REL4ADR) {
        if (segment == segto)
            error(ERR_PANIC, "intra-segment OUT_REL4ADR");
        if (segment != NO_SEG && segment % 2) {
            error(ERR_NONFATAL,
                  "rdf format does not support segment base refs");
        }

        rr.type = 1;            /* type signature */
        rr.segment = segto + 64;        /* segment we're currently in + rel tag */
        rr.offset = membuflength(seg[segto]);   /* current offset */
        rr.length = 4;          /* length of reference */
        rr.refseg = segment;    /* segment referred to */
        write_reloc_rec(&rr);

        rr.offset = *(int32_t *)data - (rr.offset + bytes);
        membufwrite(seg[segto], &rr.offset, -4);
    }
}

static void rdf_cleanup(int debuginfo)
{
    int32_t l;
    uint8_t b[4], *d;
    struct BSSRec bs;

    (void)debuginfo;

    /* should write imported & exported symbol declarations to header here */

    /* generate the output file... */
    fwrite(RDOFFId, 6, 1, ofile);       /* file type magic number */

    if (bsslength != 0) {       /* reserve BSS */
        bs.type = 5;
        bs.amount = bsslength;
        write_bss_rec(&bs);
    }

    l = membuflength(header);
    d = b;
    WRITELONG(d, l);

    fwrite(b, 4, 1, ofile);     /* write length of header */
    membufdump(header, ofile);  /* dump header */

    l = membuflength(seg[0]);
    d = b;                      /* code segment */
    WRITELONG(d, l);

    fwrite(b, 4, 1, ofile);
    membufdump(seg[0], ofile);

    l = membuflength(seg[1]);
    d = b;                      /* data segment */
    WRITELONG(d, l);

    fwrite(b, 4, 1, ofile);
    membufdump(seg[1], ofile);

    freemembuf(header);
    freemembuf(seg[0]);
    freemembuf(seg[1]);
    fclose(ofile);
}

static int32_t rdf_segbase(int32_t segment)
{
    return segment;
}

static int rdf_directive(int8_t *directive, int8_t *value, int pass)
{
    struct DLLRec r;

    if (!strcmp(directive, "library")) {
        if (pass == 1) {
            r.type = 4;
            strcpy(r.libname, value);
            write_dll_rec(&r);
        }
        return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static void rdf_filename(int8_t *inname, int8_t *outname, efunc error)
{
    standard_extension(inname, outname, ".rdf", error);
}

static int8_t *rdf_stdmac[] = {
    "%define __SECT__ [section .text]",
    "%imacro library 1+.nolist",
    "[library %1]",
    "%endmacro",
    "%macro __NASM_CDecl__ 1",
    "%endmacro",
    NULL
};

static int rdf_set_info(enum geninfo type, int8_t **val)
{
    return 0;
}

struct ofmt of_rdf = {
    "Relocatable Dynamic Object File Format v1.1",
#ifdef OF_RDF2
    "oldrdf",
#else
    "rdf",
#endif
    NULL,
    null_debug_arr,
    &null_debug_form,
    rdf_stdmac,
    rdf_init,
    rdf_set_info,
    rdf_out,
    rdf_deflabel,
    rdf_section_names,
    rdf_segbase,
    rdf_directive,
    rdf_filename,
    rdf_cleanup
};

#endif                          /* OF_RDF */