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nasm/output/elf.h
H. Peter Anvin b2004511dd ELF: handle more than 32,633 sections 
Dead code elimination in ELF uses separate ELF sections for every
functions or data items that may be garbage collected. This can end up
being more than 32,633 sections which, when the ELF internal and
relocation sections are added in, can exceed the legacy ELF maximum of
65,279 sections.

Newer versions of the ELF specification has added support for much
larger number of sections by putting a place holder value (usually
SHN_XINDEX == 0xffff, but 0 in some cases) into fields where the
section index is a 16-bit value, and storing the full value in a
diffent place: the program header uses entries in section header 0,
the symbol table uses an auxiliary segment with the additional
indicies; the section header did not need it as the sh_link field is
already 32 (or 64) bits long.

Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
2019-02-26 00:02:35 -08:00

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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- *
*
* Copyright 1996-2009 The NASM Authors - All Rights Reserved
* See the file AUTHORS included with the NASM distribution for
* the specific copyright holders.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following
* conditions are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
* copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
* disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
* with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
* CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
* INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
* EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ifndef OUTPUT_ELF_H
#define OUTPUT_ELF_H
/*
* Since NASM support both Elf32/64 file formats
* we need to cover all types, structures, typedefs and etc
*/
#include "compiler.h"
/* Segment types */
#define PT_NULL 0
#define PT_LOAD 1
#define PT_DYNAMIC 2
#define PT_INTERP 3
#define PT_NOTE 4
#define PT_SHLIB 5
#define PT_PHDR 6
#define PT_LOOS 0x60000000
#define PT_HIOS 0x6fffffff
#define PT_LOPROC 0x70000000
#define PT_HIPROC 0x7fffffff
#define PT_GNU_EH_FRAME 0x6474e550 /* Extension, eh? */
/* ELF file types */
#define ET_NONE 0
#define ET_REL 1
#define ET_EXEC 2
#define ET_DYN 3
#define ET_CORE 4
#define ET_LOPROC 0xff00
#define ET_HIPROC 0xffff
/* ELF machine types */
#define EM_NONE 0
#define EM_M32 1
#define EM_SPARC 2
#define EM_386 3
#define EM_68K 4
#define EM_88K 5
#define EM_486 6 /* Not used in Linux at least */
#define EM_860 7
#define EM_MIPS 8 /* R3k, bigendian(?) */
#define EM_MIPS_RS4_BE 10 /* R4k BE */
#define EM_PARISC 15
#define EM_SPARC32PLUS 18
#define EM_PPC 20
#define EM_PPC64 21
#define EM_S390 22
#define EM_SH 42
#define EM_SPARCV9 43 /* v9 = SPARC64 */
#define EM_H8_300H 47
#define EM_H8S 48
#define EM_IA_64 50
#define EM_X86_64 62
#define EM_CRIS 76
#define EM_V850 87
#define EM_ALPHA 0x9026 /* Interrim Alpha that stuck around */
#define EM_CYGNUS_V850 0x9080 /* Old v850 ID used by Cygnus */
#define EM_S390_OLD 0xA390 /* Obsolete interrim value for S/390 */
/* Dynamic type values */
#define DT_NULL 0
#define DT_NEEDED 1
#define DT_PLTRELSZ 2
#define DT_PLTGOT 3
#define DT_HASH 4
#define DT_STRTAB 5
#define DT_SYMTAB 6
#define DT_RELA 7
#define DT_RELASZ 8
#define DT_RELAENT 9
#define DT_STRSZ 10
#define DT_SYMENT 11
#define DT_INIT 12
#define DT_FINI 13
#define DT_SONAME 14
#define DT_RPATH 15
#define DT_SYMBOLIC 16
#define DT_REL 17
#define DT_RELSZ 18
#define DT_RELENT 19
#define DT_PLTREL 20
#define DT_DEBUG 21
#define DT_TEXTREL 22
#define DT_JMPREL 23
#define DT_LOPROC 0x70000000
#define DT_HIPROC 0x7fffffff
/* Auxilliary table entries */
#define AT_NULL 0 /* end of vector */
#define AT_IGNORE 1 /* entry should be ignored */
#define AT_EXECFD 2 /* file descriptor of program */
#define AT_PHDR 3 /* program headers for program */
#define AT_PHENT 4 /* size of program header entry */
#define AT_PHNUM 5 /* number of program headers */
#define AT_PAGESZ 6 /* system page size */
#define AT_BASE 7 /* base address of interpreter */
#define AT_FLAGS 8 /* flags */
#define AT_ENTRY 9 /* entry point of program */
#define AT_NOTELF 10 /* program is not ELF */
#define AT_UID 11 /* real uid */
#define AT_EUID 12 /* effective uid */
#define AT_GID 13 /* real gid */
#define AT_EGID 14 /* effective gid */
#define AT_PLATFORM 15 /* string identifying CPU for optimizations */
#define AT_HWCAP 16 /* arch dependent hints at CPU capabilities */
#define AT_CLKTCK 17 /* frequency at which times() increments */
/* 18..22 = ? */
#define AT_SECURE 23 /* secure mode boolean */
/* Program header permission flags */
#define PF_X 0x1
#define PF_W 0x2
#define PF_R 0x4
/* Section header types */
#define SHT_NULL 0
#define SHT_PROGBITS 1
#define SHT_SYMTAB 2
#define SHT_STRTAB 3
#define SHT_RELA 4
#define SHT_HASH 5
#define SHT_DYNAMIC 6
#define SHT_NOTE 7
#define SHT_NOBITS 8
#define SHT_REL 9
#define SHT_SHLIB 10
#define SHT_DYNSYM 11
#define SHT_INIT_ARRAY 14
#define SHT_FINI_ARRAY 15
#define SHT_PREINIT_ARRAY 16
#define SHT_GROUP 17
#define SHT_SYMTAB_SHNDX 18
#define SHT_LOPROC 0x70000000
#define SHT_HIPROC 0x7fffffff
#define SHT_LOUSER 0x80000000
#define SHT_HIUSER 0xffffffff
/* Section header flags */
#define SHF_WRITE (1 << 0) /* Writable */
#define SHF_ALLOC (1 << 1) /* Occupies memory during execution */
#define SHF_EXECINSTR (1 << 2) /* Executable */
#define SHF_MERGE (1 << 4) /* Might be merged */
#define SHF_STRINGS (1 << 5) /* Contains nul-terminated strings */
#define SHF_INFO_LINK (1 << 6) /* `sh_info' contains SHT index */
#define SHF_LINK_ORDER (1 << 7) /* Preserve order after combining */
#define SHF_OS_NONCONFORMING (1 << 8) /* Non-standard OS specific handling required */
#define SHF_GROUP (1 << 9) /* Section is member of a group. */
#define SHF_TLS (1 << 10) /* Section hold thread-local data. */
/* Special section numbers */
#define SHN_UNDEF 0x0000
#define SHN_LORESERVE 0xff00
#define SHN_LOPROC 0xff00
#define SHN_HIPROC 0xff1f
#define SHN_ABS 0xfff1
#define SHN_COMMON 0xfff2
#define SHN_XINDEX 0xffff
#define SHN_HIRESERVE 0xffff
/* Same, but signed/sign-extended */
#define XSHN_UNDEF ((int16_t)SHN_UNDEF)
#define XSHN_LORESERVE ((int16_t)SHN_LORESERVE)
#define XSHN_LOPROC ((int16_t)SHN_LOPROC)
#define XSHN_HIPROC ((int16_t)SHN_HIPROC)
#define XSHN_ABS ((int16_t)SHN_ABS)
#define XSHN_COMMON ((int16_t)SHN_COMMON)
#define XSHN_XINDEX ((int16_t)SHN_XINDEX)
#define XSHN_HIRESERVE ((int16_t)SHN_HIRESERVE)
/* Section align flag */
#define SHA_ANY 1 /* No alignment constraint */
/* Lenght of magic at the start of a file */
#define EI_NIDENT 16
/* Magic number constants... */
#define EI_MAG0 0 /* e_ident[] indexes */
#define EI_MAG1 1
#define EI_MAG2 2
#define EI_MAG3 3
#define EI_CLASS 4
#define EI_DATA 5
#define EI_VERSION 6
#define EI_OSABI 7
#define EI_ABIVERSION 8
#define EI_NINDENT 16
#define ELFMAG0 0x7f /* EI_MAG */
#define ELFMAG1 'E'
#define ELFMAG2 'L'
#define ELFMAG3 'F'
#define ELFMAG "\177ELF"
#define SELFMAG 4
#define ELFCLASSNONE 0 /* EI_CLASS */
#define ELFCLASS32 1
#define ELFCLASS64 2
#define ELFCLASSNUM 3
#define ELFDATANONE 0 /* e_ident[EI_DATA] */
#define ELFDATA2LSB 1
#define ELFDATA2MSB 2
#define EV_NONE 0 /* e_version, EI_VERSION */
#define EV_CURRENT 1
#define EV_NUM 2
#define ELFOSABI_NONE 0
#define ELFOSABI_LINUX 3
/* Legal values for ST_BIND subfield of st_info (symbol binding). */
#define STB_LOCAL 0 /* Local symbol */
#define STB_GLOBAL 1 /* Global symbol */
#define STB_WEAK 2 /* Weak symbol */
#define STB_NUM 3 /* Number of defined types. */
#define STB_LOOS 10 /* Start of OS-specific */
#define STB_HIOS 12 /* End of OS-specific */
#define STB_LOPROC 13 /* Start of processor-specific */
#define STB_HIPROC 15 /* End of processor-specific */
/* Symbol types */
#define STT_NOTYPE 0 /* Symbol type is unspecified */
#define STT_OBJECT 1 /* Symbol is a data object */
#define STT_FUNC 2 /* Symbol is a code object */
#define STT_SECTION 3 /* Symbol associated with a section */
#define STT_FILE 4 /* Symbol's name is file name */
#define STT_COMMON 5 /* Symbol is a common data object */
#define STT_TLS 6 /* Symbol is thread-local data object*/
#define STT_NUM 7 /* Number of defined types. */
/* Symbol visibilities */
#define STV_DEFAULT 0 /* Default symbol visibility rules */
#define STV_INTERNAL 1 /* Processor specific hidden class */
#define STV_HIDDEN 2 /* Sym unavailable in other modules */
#define STV_PROTECTED 3 /* Not preemptible, not exported */
/* Both Elf32_Sym and Elf64_Sym use the same one-byte st_info field */
#define ELF32_ST_BIND(i) ((i) >> 4)
#define ELF32_ST_MKBIND(i) ((i) << 4) /* just a helper */
#define ELF32_ST_TYPE(i) ((i) & 0xf)
#define ELF32_ST_INFO(b, i) (ELF32_ST_MKBIND(b) + ELF32_ST_TYPE(i))
#define ELF64_ST_BIND(i) ELF32_ST_BIND(i)
#define ELF64_ST_MKBIND(i) ELF32_ST_MKBIND(i)
#define ELF64_ST_TYPE(i) ELF32_ST_TYPE(i)
#define ELF64_ST_INFO(b, i) ELF32_ST_INFO(b, i)
/*
* ELF standard typedefs (yet more proof that <stdint.h> was way overdue)
*/
typedef uint16_t Elf32_Half;
typedef int16_t Elf32_SHalf;
typedef uint32_t Elf32_Word;
typedef int32_t Elf32_Sword;
typedef uint64_t Elf32_Xword;
typedef int64_t Elf32_Sxword;
typedef uint32_t Elf32_Off;
typedef uint32_t Elf32_Addr;
typedef uint16_t Elf32_Section;
typedef uint16_t Elf64_Half;
typedef int16_t Elf64_SHalf;
typedef uint32_t Elf64_Word;
typedef int32_t Elf64_Sword;
typedef uint64_t Elf64_Xword;
typedef int64_t Elf64_Sxword;
typedef uint64_t Elf64_Off;
typedef uint64_t Elf64_Addr;
typedef uint16_t Elf64_Section;
/*
* Dynamic header
*/
typedef struct elf32_dyn {
Elf32_Sword d_tag;
union {
Elf32_Sword d_val;
Elf32_Addr d_ptr;
} d_un;
} Elf32_Dyn;
typedef struct elf64_dyn {
Elf64_Sxword d_tag;
union {
Elf64_Xword d_val;
Elf64_Addr d_ptr;
} d_un;
} Elf64_Dyn;
/*
* Relocations
*/
#define ELF32_R_SYM(x) ((x) >> 8)
#define ELF32_R_TYPE(x) ((x) & 0xff)
#define ELF32_R_INFO(s,t) (((Elf32_Word)(s) << 8) + ELF32_R_TYPE(t))
typedef struct elf32_rel {
Elf32_Addr r_offset;
Elf32_Word r_info;
} Elf32_Rel;
typedef struct elf32_rela {
Elf32_Addr r_offset;
Elf32_Word r_info;
Elf32_Sword r_addend;
} Elf32_Rela;
enum reloc32_type {
R_386_32 = 1, /* ordinary absolute relocation */
R_386_PC32 = 2, /* PC-relative relocation */
R_386_GOT32 = 3, /* an offset into GOT */
R_386_PLT32 = 4, /* a PC-relative offset into PLT */
R_386_COPY = 5, /* ??? */
R_386_GLOB_DAT = 6, /* ??? */
R_386_JUMP_SLOT = 7, /* ??? */
R_386_RELATIVE = 8, /* ??? */
R_386_GOTOFF = 9, /* an offset from GOT base */
R_386_GOTPC = 10, /* a PC-relative offset _to_ GOT */
R_386_TLS_TPOFF = 14, /* Offset in static TLS block */
R_386_TLS_IE = 15, /* Address of GOT entry for static TLS block offset */
/* These are GNU extensions, but useful */
R_386_16 = 20, /* A 16-bit absolute relocation */
R_386_PC16 = 21, /* A 16-bit PC-relative relocation */
R_386_8 = 22, /* An 8-bit absolute relocation */
R_386_PC8 = 23 /* An 8-bit PC-relative relocation */
};
#define ELF64_R_SYM(x) ((x) >> 32)
#define ELF64_R_TYPE(x) ((x) & 0xffffffff)
#define ELF64_R_INFO(s,t) (((Elf64_Xword)(s) << 32) + ELF64_R_TYPE(t))
typedef struct elf64_rel {
Elf64_Addr r_offset;
Elf64_Xword r_info;
} Elf64_Rel;
typedef struct elf64_rela {
Elf64_Addr r_offset;
Elf64_Xword r_info;
Elf64_Sxword r_addend;
} Elf64_Rela;
enum reloc64_type {
R_X86_64_NONE = 0, /* No reloc */
R_X86_64_64 = 1, /* Direct 64 bit */
R_X86_64_PC32 = 2, /* PC relative 32 bit signed */
R_X86_64_GOT32 = 3, /* 32 bit GOT entry */
R_X86_64_PLT32 = 4, /* 32 bit PLT address */
R_X86_64_COPY = 5, /* Copy symbol at runtime */
R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT = 6, /* Create GOT entry */
R_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT = 7, /* Create PLT entry */
R_X86_64_RELATIVE = 8, /* Adjust by program base */
R_X86_64_GOTPCREL = 9, /* 32 bit signed PC relative offset to GOT */
R_X86_64_32 = 10, /* Direct 32 bit zero extended */
R_X86_64_32S = 11, /* Direct 32 bit sign extended */
R_X86_64_16 = 12, /* Direct 16 bit zero extended */
R_X86_64_PC16 = 13, /* 16 bit sign extended pc relative */
R_X86_64_8 = 14, /* Direct 8 bit sign extended */
R_X86_64_PC8 = 15, /* 8 bit sign extended pc relative */
R_X86_64_DTPMOD64 = 16, /* ID of module containing symbol */
R_X86_64_DTPOFF64 = 17, /* Offset in module's TLS block */
R_X86_64_TPOFF64 = 18, /* Offset in initial TLS block */
R_X86_64_TLSGD = 19, /* 32 bit signed PC relative offset to two GOT entries for GD symbol */
R_X86_64_TLSLD = 20, /* 32 bit signed PC relative offset to two GOT entries for LD symbol */
R_X86_64_DTPOFF32 = 21, /* Offset in TLS block */
R_X86_64_GOTTPOFF = 22, /* 32 bit signed PC relative offset to GOT entry for IE symbol */
R_X86_64_TPOFF32 = 23, /* Offset in initial TLS block */
R_X86_64_PC64 = 24, /* word64 S + A - P */
R_X86_64_GOTOFF64 = 25, /* word64 S + A - GOT */
R_X86_64_GOTPC32 = 26, /* word32 GOT + A - P */
R_X86_64_GOT64 = 27, /* word64 G + A */
R_X86_64_GOTPCREL64 = 28, /* word64 G + GOT - P + A */
R_X86_64_GOTPC64 = 29, /* word64 GOT - P + A */
R_X86_64_GOTPLT64 = 30, /* word64 G + A */
R_X86_64_PLTOFF64 = 31, /* word64 L - GOT + A */
R_X86_64_SIZE32 = 32, /* word32 Z + A */
R_X86_64_SIZE64 = 33, /* word64 Z + A */
R_X86_64_GOTPC32_TLSDESC = 34, /* word32 */
R_X86_64_TLSDESC_CALL = 35, /* none */
R_X86_64_TLSDESC = 36 /* word64?2 */
};
/*
* Symbol
*/
typedef struct elf32_sym {
Elf32_Word st_name;
Elf32_Addr st_value;
Elf32_Word st_size;
unsigned char st_info;
unsigned char st_other;
Elf32_Half st_shndx;
} Elf32_Sym;
typedef struct elf64_sym {
Elf64_Word st_name;
unsigned char st_info;
unsigned char st_other;
Elf64_Half st_shndx;
Elf64_Addr st_value;
Elf64_Xword st_size;
} Elf64_Sym;
/*
* Main file header
*/
typedef struct elf32_hdr {
unsigned char e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
Elf32_Half e_type;
Elf32_Half e_machine;
Elf32_Word e_version;
Elf32_Addr e_entry;
Elf32_Off e_phoff;
Elf32_Off e_shoff;
Elf32_Word e_flags;
Elf32_Half e_ehsize;
Elf32_Half e_phentsize;
Elf32_Half e_phnum;
Elf32_Half e_shentsize;
Elf32_Half e_shnum;
Elf32_Half e_shstrndx;
} Elf32_Ehdr;
typedef struct elf64_hdr {
unsigned char e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
Elf64_Half e_type;
Elf64_Half e_machine;
Elf64_Word e_version;
Elf64_Addr e_entry;
Elf64_Off e_phoff;
Elf64_Off e_shoff;
Elf64_Word e_flags;
Elf64_Half e_ehsize;
Elf64_Half e_phentsize;
Elf64_Half e_phnum;
Elf64_Half e_shentsize;
Elf64_Half e_shnum;
Elf64_Half e_shstrndx;
} Elf64_Ehdr;
/*
* Program header
*/
typedef struct elf32_phdr {
Elf32_Word p_type;
Elf32_Off p_offset;
Elf32_Addr p_vaddr;
Elf32_Addr p_paddr;
Elf32_Word p_filesz;
Elf32_Word p_memsz;
Elf32_Word p_flags;
Elf32_Word p_align;
} Elf32_Phdr;
typedef struct elf64_phdr {
Elf64_Word p_type;
Elf64_Word p_flags;
Elf64_Off p_offset;
Elf64_Addr p_vaddr;
Elf64_Addr p_paddr;
Elf64_Xword p_filesz;
Elf64_Xword p_memsz;
Elf64_Xword p_align;
} Elf64_Phdr;
/*
* Section header
*/
typedef struct elf32_shdr {
Elf32_Word sh_name;
Elf32_Word sh_type;
Elf32_Word sh_flags;
Elf32_Addr sh_addr;
Elf32_Off sh_offset;
Elf32_Word sh_size;
Elf32_Word sh_link;
Elf32_Word sh_info;
Elf32_Word sh_addralign;
Elf32_Word sh_entsize;
} Elf32_Shdr;
typedef struct elf64_shdr {
Elf64_Word sh_name;
Elf64_Word sh_type;
Elf64_Xword sh_flags;
Elf64_Addr sh_addr;
Elf64_Off sh_offset;
Elf64_Xword sh_size;
Elf64_Word sh_link;
Elf64_Word sh_info;
Elf64_Xword sh_addralign;
Elf64_Xword sh_entsize;
} Elf64_Shdr;
/*
* Note header
*/
typedef struct elf32_note {
Elf32_Word n_namesz; /* Name size */
Elf32_Word n_descsz; /* Content size */
Elf32_Word n_type; /* Content type */
} Elf32_Nhdr;
typedef struct elf64_note {
Elf64_Word n_namesz; /* Name size */
Elf64_Word n_descsz; /* Content size */
Elf64_Word n_type; /* Content type */
} Elf64_Nhdr;
#endif /* OUTPUT_ELF_H */
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