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Instructions for the Installation of HDF5 Software
==================================================
This file provides instructions for installing the HDF5 software.
If you have any problems with the installation, please see The HDF Group's
support page at the following location:
http://www.hdfgroup.org/services/support.html
CONTENTS
--------
1. Obtaining HDF5
2. Quick installation
2.1. Windows
2.2. RedStorm (Cray XT3)
3. HDF5 dependencies
3.1. Zlib
3.2 Szip (optional)
3.3. MPI and MPI-IO
4. Full installation instructions for source distributions
4.1. Unpacking the distribution
4.1.1. Non-compressed tar archive (*.tar)
4.1.2. Compressed tar archive (*.tar.Z)
4.1.3. Gzip'd tar archive (*.tar.gz)
4.1.4. Bzip'd tar archive (*.tar.bz2)
4.2. Source versus build directories
4.3. Configuring
4.3.1. Specifying the installation directories
4.3.2. Using an alternate C compiler
4.3.3. Configuring for 64-bit support
4.3.4. Additional compilation flags
4.3.5. Compiling HDF5 wrapper libraries
4.3.6. Specifying other programs
4.3.7. Specifying other libraries and headers
4.3.8. Static versus shared linking
4.3.9. Optimization versus symbolic debugging
4.3.10. Parallel versus serial library
4.3.11. Threadsafe capability
4.3.12. Backward compatibility
4.4. Building
4.5. Testing
4.6. Installing HDF5
5. Using the Library
6. Support
A. Warnings about compilers
A.1. GNU (Intel platforms)
A.2. DEC
A.3. SGI (Irix64 6.2)
A.4. Windows/NT
B. Large (>2GB) versus small (<2GB) file capability
C. Building and testing with other compilers
C.1. Building and testing with Intel compilers
C.2. Building and testing with PGI compilers
*****************************************************************************
1. Obtaining HDF5
The latest supported public release of HDF5 is available from
ftp://ftp.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/current/src. For Unix and UNIX-like
platforms, it is available in tar format compressed with gzip.
For Microsoft Windows, it is in ZIP format.
The HDF team also makes snapshots of the source code available on
a regular basis. These snapshots are unsupported (that is, the
HDF team will not release a bug-fix on a particular snapshot;
rather any bug fixes will be rolled into the next snapshot).
Furthermore, the snapshots have only been tested on a few
machines and may not test correctly for parallel applications.
Snapshots, in a limited number of formats, can be found on THG's
development FTP server:
ftp://ftp.hdfgroup.uiuc.edu/pub/outgoing/hdf5/snapshots
2. Quick installation
For those who don't like to read ;-) the following steps can be used
to configure, build, test, and install the HDF5 Library, header files,
and support programs. For example, to install HDF5 version X.Y.Z at
location /usr/local/hdf5, use the following steps.
$ gunzip < hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.gz | tar xf -
$ cd hdf5-X.Y.Z
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/hdf5 <more configure_flags>
$ make
$ make check # run test suite.
$ make install
$ make check-install # verify installation.
Some versions of the tar command support the -z option. In such cases,
the first step above can be simplified to the following:
$ tar zxf hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
<configure_flags> above refers to the configure flags appropriate
to your installation. For example, to install HDF5 with the
Fortran and C++ interfaces and with SZIP compression, the
configure line might read as follows:
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/hdf5 --enable-fortran \
--enable-cxx --with-szlib=PATH_TO_SZIP
In this case, PATH_TO_SZIP would be replaced with the path to the
installed location of the SZIP library.
2.1. Windows
Users of Microsoft Windows should see the INSTALL_Windows files for
detailed instructions.
2.2. RedStorm (Cray XT3)
Users of the Red Storm machine, after reading this file, should read
the Red Storm section in the INSTALL_parallel file for specific
instructions for the Red Storm machine. The same instructions would
probably work for other Cray XT3 systems, but they have not been
verified.
3. HDF5 dependencies
3.1. Zlib
The HDF5 Library includes a predefined compression filter that
uses the "deflate" method for chunked datasets. If zlib-1.1.2 or
later is found, HDF5 will use it. Otherwise, HDF5's predefined
compression method will degenerate to a no-op; the compression
filter will succeed but the data will not be compressed.
3.2. Szip (optional)
The HDF5 Library includes a predefined compression filter that
uses the extended-Rice lossless compression algorithm for chunked
datasets. For more information about Szip compression and license
terms, see http://hdfgroup.org/doc_resource/SZIP/.
Precompiled Szip binaries for each supported platform and a source
tar file can be found at ftp://ftp.hdfgroup.org/lib-external/szip/.
To configure the HDF5 Library with the Szip compression filter, use
the '--with-szlib=/PATH_TO_SZIP' flag. For more information, see
section 4.3.7, "Specifying other libraries and headers."
Starting with release 1.6.3, Szip library binaries are distributed
with the encoder enabled (a license may be required to use this binary)
and with the encoder disabled (freely usable without a license).
If the encoder enabled binary is used, Szip compression encoding is
available for an HDF5 application; if the encoder disabled binary is
used, Szip compression is not available. Szip decoding is always
available for applications (i.e., an HDF5 application can always read
Szip-compressed data) if the Szip filter is present, regardless of the
binary used.
3.3. MPI and MPI-IO
The parallel version of the library is built upon the foundation
provided by MPI and MPI-IO. If these libraries are not available
when HDF5 is configured, only a serial version of HDF5 can be built.
4. Full installation instructions for source distributions
4.1. Unpacking the distribution
The HDF5 source code is distributed in a variety of formats which
can be unpacked with the following commands, each of which creates an
'hdf5-X.Y.Z' directory, where X.Y.Z is the HDF5 version numbers.
4.1.1. Non-compressed tar archive (*.tar)
$ tar xf hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar
4.1.2. Compressed tar archive (*.tar.Z)
$ uncompress -c < hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.Z | tar xf -
Or
$ tar Zxf hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.Z
4.1.3. Gzip'd tar archive (*.tar.gz)
$ gunzip < hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.gz | tar xf -
Or
$ tar zxf hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
4.1.4. Bzip'd tar archive (*.tar.bz2)
$ bunzip2 < hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.bz2 | tar xf -
Or
$ tar jxf hdf5-X.Y.Z.tar.bz2
4.2. Source versus build directories
On most systems the build can occur in a directory other than the
source directory, allowing multiple concurrent builds and/or
read-only source code. In order to accomplish this, one should
create a build directory, cd into that directory, and run the
`configure' script found in the source directory (configure
details are below). For example,
$ mkdir built-fortran
$ cd build-fortran
$ ../hdf5-X.Y.Z/configure --enable-fortran ...
Unfortunately, this does not work on recent Irix platforms (6.5?
and later) because that `make' does not understand the VPATH variable.
However, HDF5 also supports Irix `pmake' which has a .PATH target
which serves a similar purpose. Here's what the Irix man pages say
about VPATH, the facility used by HDF5 makefiles for this feature:
The VPATH facility is a derivation of the undocumented
VPATH feature in the System V Release 3 version of make.
System V Release 4 has a new VPATH implementation, much
like the pmake(1) .PATH feature. This new feature is also
undocumented in the standard System V Release 4 manual
pages. For this reason it is not available in the IRIX
version of make. The VPATH facility should not be used
with the new parallel make option.
4.3. Configuring
HDF5 uses the GNU autoconf system for configuration, which
detects various features of the host system and creates the
Makefiles. On most systems it should be sufficient to say:
$ ./configure
Or
$ sh configure
The configuration process can be controlled through environment
variables, command-line switches, and host configuration files.
For a complete list of switches type:
$ ./configure --help
The host configuration files are located in the `config'
directory and are based on architecture name, vendor name, and/or
operating system which are displayed near the beginning of the
`configure' output. The host config file influences the behavior
of configure by setting or augmenting shell variables.
4.3.1. Specifying the installation directories
The default installation location is the HDF5 directory created in
the build directory. Typing `make install' will install the HDF5
Library, header files, examples, and support programs in hdf5/lib,
hdf5/include, hdf5/doc/hdf5/examples, and hdf5/bin. To use a path
other than hdf5, specify the path with the `--prefix=PATH' switch:
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
If shared libraries are being built (the default), the final
home of the shared library must be specified with this switch
before the library and executables are built.
HDF5 can be installed into a different location than the prefix
specified at configure time; see section 4.6, "Installing HDF5,"
for more details.
4.3.2. Using an alternate C compiler
By default, configure will look for the C compiler by trying
`gcc' and `cc'. However, if the environment variable "CC" is set
then its value is used as the C compiler. For instance, one would
use the following line to specify the native C compiler on a system
that also has the GNU gcc compiler (users of csh and derivatives
will need to prefix the commands below with `env'):
$ CC=cc ./configure
A parallel version of HDF5 can be built by specifying `mpicc'
as the C compiler. (The `--enable-parallel' flag documented
below is optional in this case.) Using the `mpicc' compiler
will insure that the correct MPI and MPI-IO header files and
libraries are used.
$ CC=/usr/local/mpi/bin/mpicc ./configure
4.3.3. Configuring for 64-bit support
Several machine architectures support 32-bit or 64-bit binaries.
The options below describe how to enable support for different options.
On Irix64, the default compiler is `cc'. To use an alternate compiler,
specify it with the CC variable:
$ CC='cc -n32' ./configure
Similarly, users compiling on a Solaris machine and desiring to
build the distribution with 64-bit support should specify the
correct flags with the CC variable:
$ CC='cc -m64' ./configure
To configure AIX 64-bit support including the Fortran and C++ APIs,
(Note: need to set $AR to 'ar -X 64'.)
Serial:
$ CFLAGS=-q64 FFLAGS=-q64 CXXFLAGS=-q64 AR='ar -X 64'\
./configure --enable-fortran
Parallel: (C++ not supported with parallel)
$ CFLAGS=-q64 FFLAGS=-q64 AR='ar -X 64'\
./configure --enable-fortran
4.3.4. Additional compilation flags
If addtional flags must be passed to the compilation commands,
specify those flags with the CFLAGS variable. For instance,
to enable symbolic debugging of a production version of HDF5, one
might say:
$ CFLAGS=-g ./configure --enable-production
4.3.5. Compiling HDF5 wrapper libraries
One can optionally build the Fortran and/or C++ interfaces to the
HDF5 C library. By default, both options are disabled. To build
them, specify `--enable-fortran' and `--enable-cxx', respectively.
$ ./configure --enable-fortran
$ ./configure --enable-cxx
Configuration will halt if a working Fortran 90 or 95 compiler or
C++ compiler is not found. Currently, the Fortran configure tests
for these compilers in order: f90, pgf90, f95. To use an
alternate compiler specify it with the FC variable:
$ FC=/usr/local/bin/g95 ./configure --enable-fortran
Note: The Fortran and C++ interfaces are not supported on all the
platforms the main HDF5 Library supports. Also, the Fortran
interface supports parallel HDF5 while the C++ interface does
not.
Note: See sections 4.7 and 4.8 for building the Fortran library with
Intel or PGI compilers.
4.3.6. Specifying other programs
The build system has been tuned for use with GNU make but also
works with other versions of make. If the `make' command runs a
non-GNU version but a GNU version is available under a different
name (perhaps `gmake'), then HDF5 can be configured to use it by
setting the MAKE variable. Note that whatever value is used for
MAKE must also be used as the make command when building the
library:
$ MAKE=gmake ./configure
$ gmake
The `AR' and `RANLIB' variables can also be set to the names of
the `ar' and `ranlib' (or `:') commands to override values
detected by configure.
The HDF5 Library, include files, and utilities are installed
during `make install' (described below) with a BSD-compatible
install program detected automatically by configure. If none is
found, the shell script bin/install-sh is used. Configure does not
check that the install script actually works; if a bad install is
detected on your system (e.g., on the ASCI blue machine as of
March 2, 1999) you have two choices:
1. Copy the bin/install-sh program to your $HOME/bin
directory, name it `install', and make sure that $HOME/bin
is searched before the system bin directories.
2. Specify the full path name of the `install-sh' program
as the value of the INSTALL environment variable. Note: do
not use `cp' or some other program in place of install
because the HDF5 makefiles also use the install program to
change file ownership and/or access permissions.
4.3.7. Specifying other libraries and headers
Configure searches the standard places (those places known by the
systems compiler) for include files and header files. However,
additional directories can be specified by using the CPPFLAGS
and/or LDFLAGS variables:
$ CPPFLAGS=-I/home/robb/include \
LDFLAGS=-L/home/robb/lib \
./configure
HDF5 uses the zlib library to support the HDF5 deflate
data compression filter. Configure searches the standard places
(plus those specified above with the CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS variables)
for the zlib headers and library. The search can be disabled by
specifying `--without-zlib' or alternate directories can be specified
with `--with-zlib=INCDIR,LIBDIR' or through the CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS
variables:
$ ./configure --with-zlib=/usr/unsup/include,/usr/unsup/lib
$ CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/unsup/include \
LDFLAGS=-L/usr/unsup/lib \
./configure
HDF5 includes Szip as a predefined compression method (see 3.2).
To enable Szip compression, the HDF5 Library must be configured
and built using the Szip Library:
$ ./configure --with-szlib=/Szip_Install_Directory
4.3.8. Static versus shared linking
The build process will create static libraries on all systems and
shared libraries on systems that support dynamic linking to a
sufficient degree. Either form of the library may be suppressed by
saying `--disable-static' or `--disable-shared'.
$ ./configure --disable-shared
Shared C++ and Fortran libraries will be built if shared libraries
are enabled.
To build only statically linked executables on platforms which
support shared libraries, use the `--enable-static-exec' flag.
$ ./configure --enable-static-exec
4.3.9. Optimization versus symbolic debugging
The library can be compiled to provide symbolic debugging support
so it can be debugged with gdb, dbx, ddd, etc., or it can be
compiled with various optimizations. To compile for symbolic
debugging (the default for snapshots), say `--disable-production';
to compile with optimizations (the default for supported public
releases), say `--enable-production'. On some systems the library
can also be compiled for profiling with gprof by saying
`--enable-production=profile'.
$ ./configure --disable-production #symbolic debugging
$ ./configure --enable-production #optimized code
$ ./configure --enable-production=profile #for use with gprof
Regardless of whether support for symbolic debugging is enabled,
the library can also perform runtime debugging of certain packages
(such as type conversion execution times and extensive invariant
condition checking). To enable this debugging, supply a
comma-separated list of package names to to the `--enable-debug'
switch. See "Debugging HDF5 Applications" for a list of package
names:
http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/doc/H5.user/Debugging.html
Debugging can be disabled by saying `--disable-debug'.
The default debugging level for snapshots is a subset of the
available packages; the default for supported releases is no
debugging (debugging can incur a significant runtime penalty).
$ ./configure --enable-debug=s,t #debug only H5S and H5T
$ ./configure --enable-debug #debug normal packages
$ ./configure --enable-debug=all #debug all packages
$ ./configure --disable-debug #no debugging
HDF5 can also print a trace of all API function calls, their
arguments, and the return values. To enable or disable the
ability to trace the API say `--enable-trace' (the default for
snapthots) or `--disable-trace' (the default for public releases).
The tracing must also be enabled at runtime to see any output
(see "Debugging HDF5 Applications," reference above).
4.3.10. Parallel versus serial library
The HDF5 Library can be configured to use MPI and MPI-IO for
parallelism on a distributed multi-processor system. Read the
file INSTALL_parallel for detailed explanations.
4.3.11. Threadsafe capability
The HDF5 Library can be configured to be thread-safe (on a very
large scale) with the `--enable-threadsafe' flag to the configure
script. Some platforms may also require the '-with-pthread=INC,LIB'
(or '--with-pthread=DIR') flag to the configure script.
For further details, see "HDF5 Thread Safe Library":
http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/doc/TechNotes/ThreadSafeLibrary.html
4.3.12. Backward compatibility
The 1.8 version of the HDF5 Library can be configured to operate
identically to the v1.6 library with the
--with-default-api-version=v16
configure flag. This allows existing code to be compiled with the
v1.8 library without requiring immediate changes to the application
source code. For addtional configuration options and other details,
see "API Compatibility Macros in HDF5":
http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/doc/RM/APICompatMacros.html
4.4. Building
The library, confidence tests, and programs can be built by
saying just:
$ make
Note that if you have supplied some other make command via the MAKE
variable during the configuration step, that same command must be
used here.
When using GNU make, you can add `-j -l6' to the make command to
compile in parallel on SMP machines. Do not give a number after
the `-j' since GNU make will turn it off for recursive invocations
of make.
$ make -j -l6
4.5. Testing
HDF5 comes with various test suites, all of which can be run by
saying
$ make check
To run only the tests for the library, change to the `test'
directory before issuing the command. Similarly, tests for the
parallel aspects of the library are in `testpar' and tests for
the support programs are in `tools'.
The `check' consists of two sub-tests, check-s and check-p, which
are for serial and parallel tests, respectively. Since serial tests
and parallel tests must be run with single and multiple processes
respectively, the two sub-tests work nicely for batch systems in
which the number of processes is fixed per batch job. One may submit
one batch job, requesting 1 process, to run all the serial tests by
"make check-s"; and submit another batch job, requesting multiple
processes, to run all the parallel tests by "make check-p".
Temporary files will be deleted by each test when it completes,
but may continue to exist in an incomplete state if the test
fails. To prevent deletion of the files, define the HDF5_NOCLEANUP
environment variable.
The HDF5 tests can take a long time to run on some systems. To perform
a faster (but less thorough) test, set the HDF5TestExpress environment
variable to 2 or 3 (with 3 being the shortest run). To perform a
longer test, set HDF5TestExpress to 0. 1 is the default.
4.6. Installing HDF5
The HDF5 Library, include files, and support programs can be
installed in a (semi-)public place by saying `make install'. The
files are installed under the directory specified with
`--prefix=DIR' (default is 'hdf5') in directories named `lib',
`include', and `bin'. The directories, if not existing, will be
created automatically, provided the mkdir command supports the -p
option.
If `make install' fails because the install command at your site
somehow fails, you may use the install-sh that comes with the
source. You will need to run ./configure again.
$ INSTALL="$PWD/bin/install-sh -c" ./configure ...
$ make install
If you want to install HDF5 in a location other than the location
specified by the `--prefix=DIR' flag during configuration (or
instead of the default location, `hdf5'), you can do that
by running the deploy script:
$ bin/deploy NEW_DIR
This will install HDF5 in NEW_DIR. Alternately, you can do this
manually by issuing the command:
$ make install prefix=NEW_DIR
where NEW_DIR is the new directory where you wish to install HDF5.
If you do not use the deploy script, you should run h5redeploy in
NEW_DIR/bin directory. This utility will fix the h5cc, h5fc and
h5c++ scripts to reflect the new NEW_DIR location.
The library can be used without installing it by pointing the
compiler at the `src' and 'src/.libs' directory for include files and
libraries. However, the minimum which must be installed to make
the library publicly available is:
The library:
./src/.libs/libhdf5.a
The public header files:
./src/H5*public.h, ./src/H5public.h
./src/H5FD*.h except ./src/H5FDprivate.h,
./src/H5api_adpt.h
The main header file:
./src/hdf5.h
The configuration information:
./src/H5pubconf.h
The support programs that are useful are:
./tools/h5ls/h5ls (list file contents)
./tools/h5dump/h5dump (dump file contents)
./tools/misc/h5repart (repartition file families)
./tools/misc/h5debug (low-level file debugging)
./tools/h5import/h5import (imports data to HDF5 file)
./tools/h5diff/h5diff (compares two HDF5 files)
./tools/gifconv/h52gif (HDF5 to GIF converter)
./tools/gifconv/gif2h5 (GIF to HDF5 converter)
5. Using the Library
Please see the "HDF5 User's Guide" and the "HDF5 Reference Manual":
http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/doc/
Most programs will include <hdf5.h> and link with -lhdf5.
Additional libraries may also be necessary depending on whether
support for compression, etc., was compiled into the HDF5 Library.
A summary of the HDF5 installation can be found in the
libhdf5.settings file in the same directory as the static and/or
shared HDF5 Libraries.
6. Support
Support is described in the README file.
*****************************************************************************
APPENDIX
*****************************************************************************
A. Warnings about compilers
Output from the following compilers should be extremely suspected
when used to compile the HDF5 Library, especially if optimizations are
enabled. In all cases, HDF5 attempts to work around the compiler bugs.
A.1. GNU (Intel platforms)
Versions before 2.8.1 have serious problems allocating registers
when functions contain operations on `long long' datatypes.
A.2. COMPAQ/DEC
The V5.2-038 compiler (and possibly others) occasionally
generates incorrect code for memcpy() calls when optimizations
are enabled, resulting in unaligned access faults. HDF5 works
around the problem by casting the second argument to `char *'.
The Fortran module (5.4.1a) fails in compiling some Fortran
programs. Use 5.5.0 or higher.
A.3. SGI (Irix64 6.2)
The Mongoose 7.00 compiler has serious optimization bugs and
should be upgraded to MIPSpro 7.2.1.2m. Patches are available
from SGI.
A.4. Windows/NT
The Microsoft Win32 5.0 compiler is unable to cast unsigned long
long values to doubles. HDF5 works around this bug by first
casting to signed long long and then to double.
A link warning: defaultlib "LIBC" conflicts with use of other libs
appears for debug version of VC++ 6.0. This warning will not affect
building and testing HDF5 Libraries.
B. Large (>2GB) versus small (<2GB) file capability
In order to read or write files that could potentially be larger
than 2GB, it is necessary to use the non-ANSI `long long' data
type on some platforms. However, some compilers (e.g., GNU gcc
versions before 2.8.1 on Intel platforms) are unable to produce
correct machine code for this datatype.
C. Building and testing with other compilers
C.1. Building and testing with Intel compilers
When Intel compilers are used (icc or ecc), you will need to modify
the generated "libtool" program after configuration is finished.
On or around line 104 of the libtool file, there are lines which
look like:
# How to pass a linker flag through the compiler.
wl=""
Change these lines to this:
# How to pass a linker flag through the compiler.
wl="-Wl,"
UPDATE: This is now done automatically by the configure script.
However, if you still experience a problem, you may want to check this
line in the libtool file and make sure that it has the correct value.
* To build the Fortran library using Intel compiler on Linux 2.4,
one has to perform the following steps:
x Use the -fpp -DDEC$=DEC_ -DMS$=MS_ compiler flags to disable
DEC and MS compiler directives in source files in the fortran/src,
fortran/test, and fortran/examples directories.
E.g., setenv F9X 'ifc -fpp -DDEC$=DEC_ -DMS$=MS_'
Do not use double quotes since $ is interpreted in them.
x If Version 6.0 of Fortran compiler is used, the build fails in
the fortran/test directory and then in the fortran/examples
directory. To proceed, edit the work.pcl files in those
directories to contain two lines:
work.pc
../src/work.pc
x Do the same in the fortran/examples directory.
x A problem with work.pc files was resolved for the newest version
of the compiler (7.0).
* To build the Fortran library on IA32, follow the steps described
above, except that the DEC and MS compiler directives should be
removed manually or use a patch from HDF FTP server:
ftp://ftp.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/current/
C.2. Building and testing with PGI compilers
When PGI C and C++ compilers are used (pgcc or pgCC), you will need to
modify the generated "libtool" program after configuration is finished.
On or around line 104 of the libtool file, there are lines which
look like this:
# How to pass a linker flag through the compiler.
wl=""
Change these lines to this:
# How to pass a linker flag through the compiler.
wl="-Wl,"
UPDATE: This is now done automatically by the configure script. However,
if you still experience a problem, you may want to check this line in
the libtool file and make sure that it has the correct value.
To build the HDF5 C++ Library with pgCC (version 4.0 and later), set
the environment variable CXX to "pgCC -tlocal"
setenv CXX "pgCC -tlocal"
before running the configure script.
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