diff --git a/.changeset/gentle-socks-pay.md b/.changeset/gentle-socks-pay.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..acf4fb82d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/gentle-socks-pay.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"gradio": patch
+---
+
+fix:Ensure JSON component outputs handled properly in postprocess
diff --git a/gradio/components/base.py b/gradio/components/base.py
index 99ecdbd515..7bdb81974b 100644
--- a/gradio/components/base.py
+++ b/gradio/components/base.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import gradio_client.utils as client_utils
 from gradio import utils
 from gradio.blocks import Block, BlockContext
 from gradio.component_meta import ComponentMeta
-from gradio.data_classes import GradioDataModel
+from gradio.data_classes import GradioDataModel, JsonData
 from gradio.events import EventListener
 from gradio.layouts import Form
 from gradio.processing_utils import move_files_to_cache
@@ -298,6 +298,8 @@ class Component(ComponentBase, Block):
             payload = self.data_model.from_json(payload)
             Path(flag_dir).mkdir(exist_ok=True)
             payload = payload.copy_to_dir(flag_dir).model_dump()
+        if isinstance(payload, JsonData):
+            payload = payload.model_dump()
         if not isinstance(payload, str):
             payload = json.dumps(payload)
         return payload
diff --git a/gradio/components/json_component.py b/gradio/components/json_component.py
index 1d50074c98..6f70d4e87e 100644
--- a/gradio/components/json_component.py
+++ b/gradio/components/json_component.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import orjson
 from gradio_client.documentation import document
 
 from gradio.components.base import Component
+from gradio.data_classes import JsonData
 from gradio.events import Events
 
 
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ class JSON(Component):
         """
         return payload
 
-    def postprocess(self, value: dict | list | str | None) -> dict | list | None:
+    def postprocess(self, value: dict | list | str | None) -> JsonData | None:
         """
         Parameters:
             value: Expects a valid JSON `str` -- or a `list` or `dict` that can be serialized to a JSON string. The `list` or `dict` value can contain numpy arrays.
@@ -87,16 +88,19 @@ class JSON(Component):
         if value is None:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, str):
-            return orjson.loads(value)
+            return JsonData(orjson.loads(value))
         else:
             # Use orjson to convert NumPy arrays and datetime objects to JSON.
             # This ensures a backward compatibility with the previous behavior.
             # See https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/pull/8041
-            return orjson.loads(
-                orjson.dumps(
-                    value,
-                    option=orjson.OPT_SERIALIZE_NUMPY | orjson.OPT_PASSTHROUGH_DATETIME,
-                    default=str,
+            return JsonData(
+                orjson.loads(
+                    orjson.dumps(
+                        value,
+                        option=orjson.OPT_SERIALIZE_NUMPY
+                        | orjson.OPT_PASSTHROUGH_DATETIME,
+                        default=str,
+                    )
                 )
             )
 
diff --git a/gradio/data_classes.py b/gradio/data_classes.py
index e82da146bc..bcdd12f851 100644
--- a/gradio/data_classes.py
+++ b/gradio/data_classes.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from gradio_client.utils import traverse
 from . import wasm_utils
 
 if not wasm_utils.IS_WASM or TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from pydantic import BaseModel, RootModel, ValidationError
+    from pydantic import BaseModel, JsonValue, RootModel, ValidationError
 else:
     # XXX: Currently Pyodide V2 is not available on Pyodide,
     # so we install V1 for the Wasm version.
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ else:
     from pydantic import BaseModel as BaseModelV1
     from pydantic import ValidationError, schema_of
 
+    JsonValue = Any
+
     # Map V2 method calls to V1 implementations.
     # Ref: https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/migration/#changes-to-pydanticbasemodel
     class BaseModelMeta(type(BaseModelV1)):
@@ -161,6 +163,12 @@ class GradioBaseModel(ABC):
         pass
 
 
+class JsonData(RootModel):
+    """JSON data returned from a component that should not be modified further."""
+
+    root: JsonValue
+
+
 class GradioModel(GradioBaseModel, BaseModel):
     @classmethod
     def from_json(cls, x) -> GradioModel:
diff --git a/gradio/helpers.py b/gradio/helpers.py
index 4c9c7b57ad..ce63a36632 100644
--- a/gradio/helpers.py
+++ b/gradio/helpers.py
@@ -933,6 +933,7 @@ def special_args(
         ):
             event_data_index = i
             if inputs is not None and event_data is not None:
+                processing_utils.check_all_files_in_cache(event_data._data)
                 inputs.insert(i, type_hint(event_data.target, event_data._data))
         elif (
             param.default is not param.empty and inputs is not None and len(inputs) <= i
diff --git a/gradio/processing_utils.py b/gradio/processing_utils.py
index 40ac2b967a..3c0d4b7bd5 100644
--- a/gradio/processing_utils.py
+++ b/gradio/processing_utils.py
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ from gradio_client import utils as client_utils
 from PIL import Image, ImageOps, PngImagePlugin
 
 from gradio import utils, wasm_utils
-from gradio.data_classes import FileData, GradioModel, GradioRootModel
+from gradio.data_classes import FileData, GradioModel, GradioRootModel, JsonData
+from gradio.exceptions import Error
 from gradio.utils import abspath, get_upload_folder, is_in_or_equal
 
 with warnings.catch_warnings():
@@ -341,6 +342,20 @@ def move_resource_to_block_cache(
     return block.move_resource_to_block_cache(url_or_file_path)
 
 
+def check_all_files_in_cache(data: JsonData):
+    def _in_cache(d: dict):
+        if (
+            (path := d.get("path", ""))
+            and not client_utils.is_http_url_like(path)
+            and not is_in_or_equal(path, get_upload_folder())
+        ):
+            raise Error(
+                f"File {path} is not in the cache folder and cannot be accessed."
+            )
+
+    client_utils.traverse(data, _in_cache, client_utils.is_file_obj)
+
+
 def move_files_to_cache(
     data: Any,
     block: Block,
@@ -475,7 +490,6 @@ async def async_move_files_to_cache(
 
     if isinstance(data, (GradioRootModel, GradioModel)):
         data = data.model_dump()
-
     return await client_utils.async_traverse(
         data, _move_to_cache, client_utils.is_file_obj
     )
diff --git a/test/components/test_json.py b/test/components/test_json.py
index 722dc809b8..cfa6430a58 100644
--- a/test/components/test_json.py
+++ b/test/components/test_json.py
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class TestJSON:
             await iface.process_api(
                 0, [{"data": y_data, "headers": ["gender", "age"]}], state={}
             )
-        )["data"][0] == {
+        )["data"][0].model_dump() == {
             "M": 35,
             "F": 25,
             "O": 20,
@@ -95,5 +95,8 @@ class TestJSON:
     def test_postprocess_returns_json_serializable_value(self, value, expected):
         json_component = gr.JSON()
         postprocessed_value = json_component.postprocess(value)
-        assert postprocessed_value == expected
-        assert json.loads(json.dumps(postprocessed_value)) == expected
+        if postprocessed_value is None:
+            assert value is None
+        else:
+            assert postprocessed_value.model_dump() == expected
+            assert json.loads(json.dumps(postprocessed_value.model_dump())) == expected
diff --git a/test/test_helpers.py b/test/test_helpers.py
index f25043d1b3..2a31cbd7f1 100644
--- a/test/test_helpers.py
+++ b/test/test_helpers.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from starlette.testclient import TestClient
 from tqdm import tqdm
 
 import gradio as gr
-from gradio import utils
+from gradio import helpers, utils
 
 
 @patch("gradio.utils.get_cache_folder", return_value=Path(tempfile.mkdtemp()))
@@ -879,3 +879,21 @@ async def test_info_isolation(async_handler: bool):
 
     assert alice_logs == "Hello Alice"
     assert bob_logs == "Hello Bob"
+
+
+def test_check_event_data_in_cache():
+    def get_select_index(evt: gr.SelectData):
+        return evt.index
+
+    with pytest.raises(gr.Error):
+        helpers.special_args(
+            get_select_index,
+            inputs=[],
+            event_data=helpers.EventData(
+                None,
+                {
+                    "index": {"path": "foo", "meta": {"_type": "gradio.FileData"}},
+                    "value": "whatever",
+                },
+            ),
+        )
diff --git a/test/test_processing_utils.py b/test/test_processing_utils.py
index 1fa5c03ab5..2369fd9a77 100644
--- a/test/test_processing_utils.py
+++ b/test/test_processing_utils.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import pytest
 from gradio_client import media_data
 from PIL import Image, ImageCms
 
-from gradio import processing_utils, utils
+from gradio import components, data_classes, processing_utils, utils
 
 
 class TestTempFileManagement:
@@ -382,3 +382,32 @@ def test_hash_url_encodes_url():
     assert processing_utils.hash_url(
         "https://www.gradio.app/image 1.jpg"
     ) == processing_utils.hash_bytes(b"https://www.gradio.app/image 1.jpg")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_json_data_not_moved_to_cache():
+    data = data_classes.JsonData(
+        root={
+            "file": {
+                "path": "path",
+                "url": "/file=path",
+                "meta": {"_type": "gradio.FileData"},
+            }
+        }
+    )
+    assert (
+        processing_utils.move_files_to_cache(data, components.Number(), False) == data
+    )
+    assert processing_utils.move_files_to_cache(data, components.Number(), True) == data
+    assert (
+        await processing_utils.async_move_files_to_cache(
+            data, components.Number(), False
+        )
+        == data
+    )
+    assert (
+        await processing_utils.async_move_files_to_cache(
+            data, components.Number(), True
+        )
+        == data
+    )