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2003-08-04 Phil Edwards <pme@gcc.gnu.org> * docs/doxygen/guide.html: run_doxygen uses bash. * docs/doxygen/mainpage.html: We'll be shipping tag files. * docs/doxygen/run_doxygen: Tweaks and improvements. * docs/doxygen/user.cfg.in: Set GENERATE_TAGFILE. * docs/html/install.html: Update autoconf/automake requirements. * docs/html/test.html: Add section describing DejaGNU support. * docs/html/17_intro/confdeps.dot: New file, generates... * docs/html/17_intro/confdeps.png: ...this new file. * docs/html/Makefile: Generated here. * docs/html/17_intro/configury.html: New file. From-SVN: r70164
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta name="AUTHOR" content="pme@gcc.gnu.org (Phil Edwards)" />
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<meta name="KEYWORDS" content="libstdc++, libstdc++-v3, GCC, g++" />
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<meta name="DESCRIPTION" content="README for the GNU libstdc++ effort." />
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="vi and eight fingers" />
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<title>libstdc++-v3 Installation Instructions</title>
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<link rel="StyleSheet" href="lib3styles.css" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 class="centered"><a name="top">Getting started: configure, build, install</a></h1>
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<p class="fineprint"><em>
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The latest version of this document is always available at
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/install.html">
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http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/install.html</a>.
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</em></p>
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<p><em>
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To the <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">libstdc++-v3 homepage</a>.
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</em></p>
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<!-- ####################################################### -->
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<hr />
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<h2>Contents</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#prereqs">Tools you will need beforehand</a></li>
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<li><a href="#srcsetup">Setting up the source directories</a></li>
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<li><a href="#config">Configuring</a></li>
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<li><a href="#install">Building and installing the library</a></li>
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<li><a href="#postinstall">Post-installation</a></li>
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<li><a href="#usage">Using the library</a></li>
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</ul>
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<hr />
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<!-- ####################################################### -->
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<h2><a name="prereqs">Tools you will need beforehand</a></h2>
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<p>You will need a recent version of g++ to compile the snapshot of
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libstdc++, such as one of the GCC 3.x snapshots (insert standard
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caveat about using snapshots rather than formal releases). You will
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need the full source distribution to whatever compiler release you are
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using. The GCC snapshots can be had from one of the sites on their
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/mirrors.html">mirror list</a>. If you are
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using a 2.x compiler, see
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/status.html">the status page</a>
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first.
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</p>
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<p>In addition, if you plan to modify the makefiles or regenerate the
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configure scripts you'll need recent versions of the GNU Autotools:
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autoconf (version 2.57 or later) and
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automake (version 1.7.6 or later),
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in order to rebuild the files. Libtool is built from special sources
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in the GCC source tree.
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These tools are all required to be installed in the same location
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(most linux distributions install these tools by default, so no
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worries as long as the versions are correct).
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</p>
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<p>To test your build, you will need either DejaGNU 1.4 (to run
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<code>'make check'</code> like
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/install/test.html">the rest of GCC</a>),
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or Bash 2.x (to run <code>'make check-script'</code>).
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</p>
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<p>As of June 19, 2000, libstdc++ attempts to use tricky and
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space-saving features of the GNU toolchain, enabled with
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<code>-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
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-Wl,--gc-sections</code>. To obtain maximum benefit from this,
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binutils after this date should also be used (bugs were fixed
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with C++ exception handling related to this change in
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libstdc++-v3). The version of these tools should be
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<code>2.10.90</code>, or later, and you can get snapshots (as
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well as releases) of binutils
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<a href="ftp://sources.redhat.com/pub/binutils">here</a>. The
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configure process will automatically detect and use these
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features if the underlying support is present.
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</p>
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<p>If you are using a 3.1-series libstdc++ snapshot, then the
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requirements are slightly more stringent: the compiler sources
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must also be 3.1 or later (for both technical and licensing
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reasons), and your binutils must be 2.11.95 or later if you want
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to use symbol versioning in shared libraries. Again, the
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configure process will automatically detect and use these
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features if the underlying support is present.
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</p>
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<p>Finally, a few system-specific requirements: </p>
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<dl>
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<dt> linux </dt>
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<dd>If gcc 3.1.0 or later on is being used on linux, an attempt
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will be made to use "C" library functionality necessary for C++
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named locale support. For gcc 3.2.1 and later, this means that
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glibc 2.2.5 or later is required.
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<p>
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The configure option --enable-clocale can be used force a
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particular behavior.
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</p>
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<p>
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If the 'gnu' locale model is being used, the following locales
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are used and tested in the libstdc++ testsuites. The first column
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is the name of the locale, the second is the character set it is
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expected to use.
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</p>
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<pre>
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de_DE ISO-8859-1
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de_DE@euro ISO-8859-15
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en_HK ISO-8859-1
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en_PH ISO-8859-1
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en_US ISO-8859-1
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en_US.ISO-8859-1 ISO-8859-1
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en_US.ISO-8859-15 ISO-8859-15
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en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
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es_MX ISO-8859-1
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fr_FR ISO-8859-1
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fr_FR@euro ISO-8859-15
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it_IT ISO-8859-1
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ja_JP.eucjp EUC-JP
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se_NO.UTF-8 UTF-8
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</pre>
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<p>Failure to have the underlying "C" library locale
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information installed will mean that C++ named locales for the
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above regions will not work: because of this, the libstdc++
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testsuite will not pass the named locale tests. If this isn't an
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issue, don't worry about it. If named locales are needed, the
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underlying locale information must be installed. Note that
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rebuilding libstdc++ after the "C" locales are installed is not
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necessary.
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</p>
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<p>To install support for locales, do only one of the following:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li> install all locales
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<ul>
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<li>with RedHat Linux:
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<p> <code> export LC_ALL=C </code> </p>
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<p> <code> rpm -e glibc-common --nodeps </code> </p>
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<p> <code> rpm -i --define "_install_langs all"
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glibc-common-2.2.5-34.i386.rpm </code> </p>
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</li>
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<li> (instructions for other operating systems solicited) </li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li> install just the necessary locales
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<ul>
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<li>with Debian Linux:
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<p> Add the above list, as shown, to the file
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<code>/etc/locale.gen</code> </p>
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<p> run <code>/usr/sbin/locale-gen</code> </p>
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</li>
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<li> on most Unix-like operating systems:
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<p> <code> localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE </code> </p>
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<p> (repeat for each entry in the above list) </p>
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</li>
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<li> (instructions for other operating systems solicited) </li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<hr />
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<h2><a name="srcsetup">Setting up the source directories</a></h2>
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<p>The following definitions will be used throughout the rest of this
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document:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li><em>gccsrcdir</em>: The directory holding the source of the
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compiler. It should have several subdirectories like
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<em>gccsrcdir</em>/libiberty and <em>gccsrcdir</em>/gcc.
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</li>
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<li><em>libsrcdir</em>: The directory holding the source of the
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C++ library.
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</li>
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<li><em>gccbuilddir</em>: The build directory for the compiler
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in <em>gccsrcdir</em>. GCC requires that it be built in
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a different directory than its sources.
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</li>
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<li><em>libbuilddir</em>: The build directory for libstdc++.
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</li>
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<li><em>destdir</em>: The eventual installation directory for
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the compiler/libraries, set with the --prefix option to
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the configure script.
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p> Note: </p>
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<ol>
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<li>The 3.0 version and following are intended to replace the
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library that comes with the compiler, so <em>libsrcdir</em>
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and <em>libbuilddir</em> must be contained under
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<em>gccsrcdir</em> and <em>gccbuilddir</em>, respectively.
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</li>
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<li>The source, build, and installation directories should
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not be parents of one another; i.e., these should all be
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separate directories. Please don't build out of the
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source directory.
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</li>
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</ol>
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<p>Check out or download the GCC sources: the resulting source directory
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(<code>gcc</code> or <code>gcc-3.0.3</code>, for example) is
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<em>gccsrcdir</em>.
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Once in <em>gccsrcdir</em>, you'll need to rename or delete the
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libstdc++-v3 directory which comes with that snapshot:
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</p>
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<pre>
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mv libstdc++-v3 libstdc++-v3-previous <strong>[OR]</strong>
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rm -r libstdc++-v3</pre>
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<p>Next, unpack the libstdc++-v3 library tarball into this
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<em>gccsrcdir</em> directory; it will create a
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<em>libsrcdir</em> called <code>libstdc++-<em>version</em></code>:
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</p>
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<pre>
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gzip -dc libstdc++-version.tar.gz | tar xf -</pre>
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<p>Finally, rename <em>libsrcdir</em> to <code>libstdc++-v3</code> so that
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gcc's configure flags will be able to deal with the new library.
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</p>
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<pre>
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mv <em>libsrcdir</em> libstdc++-v3</pre>
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<hr />
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<h2><a name="config">Configuring</a></h2>
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<p>If you have never done this before, you should read the basic
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/install/">GCC Installation
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Instructions</a> first. Read <em>all of them</em>.
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<strong>Twice.</strong>
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</p>
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<p>When building libstdc++-v3 you'll have to configure
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the entire <em>gccsrcdir</em> directory. The full list of libstdc++-v3
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specific configuration options, not dependent on the specific compiler
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release being used, can be found <a href="configopts.html">here</a>.
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</p>
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<p>Consider possibly using --enable-languages=c++ to save time by only
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building the C++ language parts.
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</p>
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<pre>
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cd <em>gccbuilddir</em>
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<em>gccsrcdir</em>/configure --prefix=<em>destdir</em> --other-opts...</pre>
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<hr />
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<h2><a name="install">Building and installing the library</a></h2>
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<p>Now you have a few options:</p>
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<h3>[re]building <em>everything</em></h3>
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<p>If you're building GCC from scratch, you can do the usual
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<code> 'make bootstrap' </code> here, and libstdc++-v3 will be built
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as its default C++ library. The generated g++ will magically
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use the correct headers, link against the correct library
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binary, and in general using libstdc++-v3 will be a piece of
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cake. You're done; run <code>'make install'</code> (see the GCC
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installation instructions) to put the new compiler and libraries
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into place.
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</p>
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<h3>[re]building only libstdc++</h3>
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<p>To rebuild just libstdc++, use: </p>
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<pre>
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make all-target-libstdc++-v3</pre>
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<p>
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This will configure and build the C++ library in the
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<em>gccbuilddir/cpu-vendor-os/</em>libstdc++ directory.
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</p>
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<p>If you are rebuilding from a previous build [attempt], some
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information is kept in a cache file. This is stored in
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<em>gccbuilddir/cpu-vendor-os/</em> if you are building with
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multilibs (the default), or in
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<em>gccbuilddir/cpu-vendor-os/</em>libstdc++-v3 if you have
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multilibs disabled. The filename is config.cache; if previous
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information is causing problems, you can delete it entirely, or
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simply edit it and remove lines.
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</p>
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<p>You're done. Now install the rebuilt pieces with</p>
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<pre>
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make install</pre>
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<p>or</p>
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<pre>
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make install-gcc
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make install-target-libstdc++-v3</pre>
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<hr />
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<h2><a name="postinstall">Post-installation</a></h2>
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<p>Installation will create the <em>destdir</em> directory and
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populate it with subdirectories:
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</p>
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<pre>
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lib/
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include/c++/<em>gcc-version</em>
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backward/
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bits/
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<em>cpu-vendor-os</em>/bits/
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ext/</pre>
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<p>If you used the version-specific-libs configure option, then most of
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the headers and library files will be moved under
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<code>lib/gcc-lib/</code> instead.
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</p>
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<hr />
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<h2><a name="usage">Using the library</a></h2>
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<h3>Find the new library at runtime (shared linking only)</h3>
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<p>If you only built a static library (libstdc++.a), or if you
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specified static linking, you don't have to worry about this.
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But if you built a shared library (libstdc++.so) and linked
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against it, then you will need to find that library when you
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run the executable.
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</p>
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<p>Methods vary for different platforms and different styles, but
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the usual ones are printed to the screen during installation.
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They include:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>At runtime set LD_LIBRARY_PATH in your environment correctly,
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so that the shared library for libstdc++ can be found and
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loaded. Be certain that you understand all of the other
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implications and behavior of LD_LIBRARY_PATH first (few
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people do, and they get into trouble).
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</li>
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<li>Compile the path to find the library at runtime into the
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program. This can be done by passing certain options to g++,
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which will in turn pass them on to the linker. The exact
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format of the options is dependent on which linker you use:
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<ul>
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<li>GNU ld (default on Linux):<code> -Wl,--rpath,<em>destdir</em>/lib</code></li>
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<li>IRIX ld:<code> -Wl,-rpath,<em>destdir</em>/lib</code></li>
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<li>Solaris ld:<code> -Wl,-R<em>destdir</em>/lib</code></li>
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<li>More...? Let us know!</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Use the <code>ldd(1)</code> utility to show which library the system
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thinks it will get at runtime.
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</p>
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<p>A libstdc++.la file is also installed, for use with Libtool. If
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you use Libtool to create your executables, these details are
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taken care of for you.
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</p>
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<!--
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<hr />
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<h2><a name=""></a></h2>
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<p>
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</p>
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-->
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<!-- ####################################################### -->
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<hr />
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<p class="fineprint"><em>
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See <a href="17_intro/license.html">license.html</a> for copying conditions.
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Comments and suggestions are welcome, and may be sent to
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<a href="mailto:libstdc++@gcc.gnu.org">the libstdc++ mailing list</a>.
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</em></p>
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</body>
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</html>
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