gcc/libstdc++-v3/docs/html/ext/sgiexts.html
Phil Edwards 0435269a76 configopts.html: More HTML->XHTML and lowercasing of tags.
2001-10-09  Phil Edwards  <pme@gcc.gnu.org>

	* docs/html/configopts.html:  More HTML->XHTML and lowercasing of tags.
	* docs/html/documentation.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/explanations.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/install.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/17_intro/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/17_intro/license.html:  Likewise.  Tighten up language.
	* docs/html/18_support/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/19_diagnostics/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/20_util/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/21_strings/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/22_locale/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/23_containers/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/24_iterators/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/25_algorithms/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/26_numerics/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/27_io/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/ext/howto.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/ext/sgiexts.html:  Likewise.
	* docs/html/faq/index.html:  Likewise.  Not so many absolute links.
	* docs/html/faq/index.txt:  Regenerate.

From-SVN: r46128
2001-10-09 20:18:14 +00:00

235 lines
9.8 KiB
HTML

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="AUTHOR" content="pme@gcc.gnu.org (Phil Edwards)">
<meta name="KEYWORDS" content="libstdc++, libstdc++-v3, GCC, g++, STL, SGI">
<meta name="DESCRIPTION" content="SGI extensions preserved in libstdc++-v3.">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="vi and eight fingers">
<title>SGI extensions to the library in libstdc++-v3</title>
<link rel=StyleSheet href="lib3styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="centered"><a name="top">SGI extensions to the library in
libstdc++-v3</a></h1>
<p>This page describes the extensions that SGI made to their version of the
STL subset of the Standard C++ Library. For a time we
<a href="../faq/index.html#5_3">tracked and imported changes and updates
from most of the SGI STL</a>, up through their (apparently) final release.
Their extensions were mostly preserved.
</p>
<p>They are listed according to the chapters of the library that they
extend (see <a href="../documentation.html#3">the chapter-specific notes</a>
for a description). Not every chapter may have extensions, and the
extensions may come and go. Also, this page is incomplete because the
author is pressed for time. Check back often; the latest change was on
$Date: 2001/10/04 20:03:22 $ (UTC).
</p>
<p>Descriptions range from the scanty to the verbose. You should also check
the <a href="../documentation.html#4">generated documentation</a> for notes
and comments, especially for entries marked with '*'. For more complete
doumentation, see the SGI website. For <em>really</em> complete
documentation, buy a copy of Matt Austern's book. *grin*
</p>
<p>Back to the <a href="howto.html">libstdc++-v3 extensions</a>.
<!-- ####################################################### -->
<hr>
<a name="ch20"><h3>Chapter 20</h3></a>
<p>The &lt;functional&gt; header contains many additional functors and
helper functions, extending section 20.3. They are implemented in the
file stl_function.h:
<ul>
<li><code>identity_element</code> for addition and multiplication. *
<li>The functor <code>identity</code>, whose op() returns the argument
unchanged. *
<li>Composition functors <code>unary_function</code> and
<code>binary_function</code>, and their helpers <code>compose1</code>
and <code>compose2</code>. *
<li><code>select1st</code> and <code>select2nd</code>, to strip pairs. *
<li><code>project1st</code> and <code>project2nd</code>. *
<li>A set of functors/functions which always return the same result. They
are <code>constant_void_fun, constant_binary_fun, constant_unary_fun,
constant0, constant1, and constant2. *
<li>The class <code>subtractive_rng</code>. *
<li>mem_fun adaptor helpers mem_fun1 and mem_fun1_ref are provided for
backwards compatibility.
</ul></p>
<p>20.4.3 is extended with a special version of
<code>get_temporary_buffer</code> taking a second argument. The argument
is a pointer, which is ignored, but can be used to specify the template
type (instead of using explicit function template arguments like the
standard version does). That is, in addition to
<pre>
get_temporary_buffer&lt;int&gt;(5);</pre>
you can also use
<pre>
get_temporary_buffer(5, (int*)0);</pre>
</p>
<p>A class <code>temporary_buffer</code> is given in stl_tempbuf.h. *
</p>
<p>The specialized algorithms of section 20.4.4 are extended with
<code>uninitialized_copy_n</code>. *
</p>
<p>Return <a href="howto.html">to the main extensions page</a> or
<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">to the homepage</a>.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="ch23"><h3>Chapter 23</h3></a>
<p>A few extensions and nods to backwards-compatability have been made with
containers. Those dealing with older SGI-style allocators are dealt with
elsewhere. The remaining ones all deal with bits:
</p>
<p>The old pre-standard <code>bit_vector</code> class is present for
backwards compatibility. It is simply a typedef for the
<code>vector&lt;bool&gt;</code> specialization.
</p>
<p>The <code>bitset</code> class has a number of extensions, described in the
rest of this item. First, we'll mention that this implementation of
<code>bitset&lt;N&gt;</code> is specialized for cases where N number of
bits will fit into a single word of storage. If your choice of N is
within that range (&lt;=32 on i686-pc-linux-gnu, for example), then all
of the operations will be faster.
</p>
<p>There are
versions of single-bit test, set, reset, and flip member functions which
do no range-checking. If we call them member functions of an instantiation
of &quot;bitset&lt;N&gt;,&quot; then their names and signatures are:
<pre>
bitset&lt;N&gt;&amp; _Unchecked_set (size_t pos);
bitset&lt;N&gt;&amp; _Unchecked_set (size_t pos, int val);
bitset&lt;N&gt;&amp; _Unchecked_reset (size_t pos);
bitset&lt;N&gt;&amp; _Unchecked_flip (size_t pos);
bool _Unchecked_test (size_t pos);</pre>
Note that these may in fact be removed in the future, although we have
no present plans to do so (and there doesn't seem to be any immediate
reason to).
</p>
<p>
The semantics of member function <code>operator[]</code> are not specified
in the C++ standard. A long-standing defect report calls for sensible
obvious semantics, which are already implemented here: <code>op[]</code>
on a const bitset returns a bool, and for a non-const bitset returns a
<code>reference</code> (a nested type). However, this implementation does
no range-checking on the index argument, which is in keeping with other
containers' <code>op[]</code> requirements. The defect report's proposed
resolution calls for range-checking to be done. We'll just wait and see...
</p>
<p>Finally, two additional searching functions have been added. They return
the index of the first &quot;on&quot; bit, and the index of the first
&quot;on&quot; bit that is after <code>prev</code>, respectively:
<pre>
size_t _Find_first() const;
size_t _Find_next (size_t prev) const;</pre>
The same caveat given for the _Unchecked_* functions applies here also.
</p>
<p>Return <a href="howto.html">to the main extensions page</a> or
<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">to the homepage</a>.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="ch24"><h3>Chapter 24</h3></a>
<p>24.3.2 describes <code>struct iterator</code>, which didn't exist in the
original HP STL implementation (the language wasn't rich enough at the
time). For backwards compatibility, base classes are provided which
declare the same nested typedefs:
<ul>
<li>input_iterator
<li>output_iterator
<li>forward_iterator
<li>bidirectional_iterator
<li>random_access_iterator
</ul>
</p>
<p>24.3.4 describes iterator operation <code>distance</code>, which takes
two iterators and returns a result. It is extended by another signature
which takes two iterators and a reference to a result. The result is
modified, and the function returns nothing.
</p>
<p>Return <a href="howto.html">to the main extensions page</a> or
<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">to the homepage</a>.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="ch25"><h3>Chapter 25</h3></a>
<p>25.1.6 (count, count_if) is extended with two more versions of count
and count_if. The standard versions return their results. The
additional signatures return void, but take a final parameter by
reference to which they assign their results, e.g.,
<pre>
void count (first, last, value, n);</pre>
</p>
<p>25.2 (mutating algorithms) is extended with two families of signatures,
random_sample and random_sample_n.
</p>
<p>25.2.1 (copy) is extended with
<pre>
copy_n (_InputIter first, _Size count, _OutputIter result);</pre>
which copies the first 'count' elements at 'first' into 'result'.
</p>
<p>25.3 (sorting 'n' heaps 'n' stuff) is extended with some helper
predicates. Look in the doxygen-generated pages for notes on these.
<ul>
<li><code>is_heap</code> tests whether or not a range is a heap.
<li><code>is_sorted</code> tests whether or not a range is sorted in
nondescending order.
</ul>
</p>
<p>25.3.8 (lexigraphical_compare) is extended with
<pre>
lexicographical_compare_3way(_InputIter1 first1, _InputIter1 last1,
_InputIter2 first2, _InputIter2 last2)</pre>
which does... what?
</p>
<p>Return <a href="howto.html">to the main extensions page</a> or
<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">to the homepage</a>.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="ch26"><h3>Chapter 26</h3></a>
<p>26.4, the generalized numeric operations such as accumulate, are extended
with the following functions:
<pre>
power (x, n);
power (x, n, moniod_operation);</pre>
Returns, in FORTRAN syntax, &quot;x ** n&quot; where n&gt;=0. In the
case of n == 0, returns the <a href="#ch20">identity element</a> for the
monoid operation. The two-argument signature uses multiplication (for
a true &quot;power&quot; implementation), but addition is supported as well.
The operation functor must be associative.
</p>
<p>The <code>iota</code> function wins the award for Extension With the
Coolest Name. It &quot;assigns sequentially increasing values to a range.
That is, it assigns value to *first, value + 1 to *(first + 1) and so
on.&quot; Quoted from SGI documentation.
<pre>
void iota(_ForwardIter first, _ForwardIter last, _Tp value);</pre>
</p>
<p>Return <a href="howto.html">to the main extensions page</a> or
<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">to the homepage</a>.
</p>
<!-- ####################################################### -->
<hr>
<p class="fineprint"><em>
See <a href="../17_intro/license.html">license.html</a> for copying conditions.
Comments and suggestions are welcome, and may be sent to
<a href="mailto:libstdc++@gcc.gnu.org">the libstdc++ mailing list</a>.
</em></p>
</body>
</html>