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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta name="AUTHOR" content="pme@gcc.gnu.org (Phil Edwards)">
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<meta name="KEYWORDS" content="libstdc++, libstdc++-v3, GCC, g++">
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<meta name="DESCRIPTION" content="README for the GNU libstdc++ effort.">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="vi and eight fingers">
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<title>libstdc++-v3 Installation Instructions</title>
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<link rel="StyleSheet" href="lib3styles.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 class="centered"><a name="top">libstdc++-v3 INSTALL</a></h1>
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<p>The latest version of this document is always available at
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/install.html">
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http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/install.html</a>.
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</p>
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<p>To the <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/">libstdc++-v3 homepage</a>.
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<!-- ####################################################### -->
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<hr>
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<h2>Contents</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#prereqs">Tools you will need beforehand</a>
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<li><a href="#srcsetup">Setting up the source directories</a>
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<li><a href="#config">Configuring</a>
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<li><a href="#install">Building and installing the library</a>
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<li><a href="#postinstall">Post-installation</a>
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<li><a href="#usage">Using the library</a>
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</ul>
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<hr>
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<!-- ####################################################### -->
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<h2><a name="prereqs">Tools you will need beforehand</a></h2>
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<p>You will need a recent version of g++ to compile the snapshot of
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libstdc++, such as one of the GCC 3.x snapshots (insert standard
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caveat about using snapshots rather than formal releases). You
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will need the full source
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distribution to whatever compiler release you are using. The
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GCC snapshots can be had from one of the sites on their
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/mirrors.html">mirror list</a>.
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</p>
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<p>In addition, if you plan to modify the makefiles or regenerate the
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configure scripts you'll need recent versions of the GNU Autotools:
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autoconf (version 2.50 or later),
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automake (version 1.4 or later), <!-- special version? -->
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and libtool (multilanguage, version 1.4 or later), <!-- really? -->
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in order to rebuild the files.
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These tools are all required to be installed in the same location
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(most linux distributions install these tools by default, so no
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worries as long as the versions are correct).
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</p>
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<p>GNU Make is the only 'make' that will parse the makefiles correctly.
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</p>
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<p>To test your build, you will need either DejaGNU 1.4 (to run
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<code>'make check'</code> like
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/install/test.html">the rest of GCC</a>),
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or Bash 2.x (to run <code>'make check-script'</code>).
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</p>
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<p>As of June 19, 2000, libstdc++ attempts to use tricky and
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space-saving features of the GNU toolchain, enabled with
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<code>-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wl,--gc-sections</code>.
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To obtain maximum benefit from this, binutils after this date
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should also be used (bugs were fixed with C++ exception handling
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related to this change in libstdc++-v3). The version of these
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tools should be <code>2.10.90</code>, and you can get snapshots (as
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well as releases) of binutils
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<a href="ftp://sources.redhat.com/pub/binutils">here</a>.
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</p>
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<!-- Commented until some system-specific requirements appear.
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<p>Finally, a few system-specific requirements:
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<dl>
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<dt>Cygwin
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<dd>If you are using Cygwin to compile libstdc++-v3 on Win32, you'll
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[snip]
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</dl>
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</p>
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-->
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="srcsetup">Setting up the source directories</a></h2>
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<p>The following definitions will be used throughout the rest of this
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document:
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<ul>
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<li><em>gccsrcdir</em>: The directory holding the source of the
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compiler. It should have several subdirectories like
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<em>gccsrcdir</em>/libio and <em>gccsrcdir</em>/gcc.
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<li><em>libsrcdir</em>: The directory holding the source of the
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C++ library.
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<li><em>gccbuilddir</em>: The build directory for the compiler
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in <em>gccsrcdir</em>. GCC requires that it be built in
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a different directory than its sources.
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<li><em>libbuilddir</em>: The build directory for libstdc++.
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<li><em>destdir</em>: The eventual installation directory for
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the compiler/libraries, set with the --prefix option to
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the configure script.
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</ul>
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Note:
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<ol>
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<li>The 3.0 version and following are intended to replace the
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library that comes with the compiler, so <em>libsrcdir</em>
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and <em>libbuilddir</em> must be contained under
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<em>gccsrcdir</em> and <em>gccbuilddir</em>, respectively.
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<li>The source, build, and installation directories should
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not be parents of one another; i.e., these should all be
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separate directories. Please don't build out of the
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source directory.
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</ol>
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</p>
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<p>Check out or download the gcc sources: the resulting source directory
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(<code>gcc</code> or <code>gcc-3.0</code>, for example) is <em>gccsrcdir</em>.
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Once in <em>gccsrcdir</em>, you'll need to rename or delete the
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libstdc++-v3 directory which comes with that snapshot:
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<pre>
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mv libstdc++-v3 libstdc++-v3-previous <strong>[OR]</strong>
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rm -r libstdc++-v3</pre>
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</p>
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<p>Next, unpack the libstdc++-v3 library tarball into this
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<em>gccsrcdir</em> directory; it will create a
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<em>libsrcdir</em> called <code>libstdc++-<em>version</em></code>:
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<pre>
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gzip -dc libstdc++-version.tar.gz | tar xf -</pre>
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</p>
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<p>Finally, rename <em>libsrcdir</em> to <code>libstdc++-v3</code> so that
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gcc's configure flags will be able to deal with the new library.
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<pre>
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mv <em>libsrcdir</em> libstdc++-v3</pre>
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</p>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="config">Configuring</a></h2>
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<p>If you have never done this before, you should read the basic
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/install/">GCC Installation
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Instructions</a> first.
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</p>
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<p>When building libstdc++-v3 you'll have to configure
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the entire <em>gccsrcdir</em> directory. The full list of libstdc++-v3
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specific configuration options, not dependent on the specific compiler
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release being used, can be found <a href="configopts.html">here</a>.
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</p>
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<p>Consider possibly using --enable-languages=c++ to save time by only
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building the C++ language parts.
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</p>
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<p><pre>
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cd <em>gccbuilddir</em>
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<em>gccsrcdir</em>/configure --prefix=<em>destdir</em> --other-opts...</pre>
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</p>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="install">Building and installing the library</a></h2>
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<p>Now you have a few options:</p>
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<h3>[re]building <em>everything</em></h3>
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<p>If you're building GCC from scratch, you can do the usual
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<code> 'make bootstrap' </code> here, and libstdc++-v3 will be built
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as its default C++ library. The generated g++ will magically
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use the correct headers, link against the correct library
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binary, and in general using libstdc++-v3 will be a piece of
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cake. You're done; run <code>'make install'</code> (see the GCC
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installation instructions) to put the new compiler and libraries
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into place.
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</p>
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<h3>[re]building only libstdc++</h3>
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<p>To rebuild just libstdc++, use:
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<pre>
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make all-target-<em>libstdc++-v3</em></pre>
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This will configure and build the C++ library in the
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<em>gccbuilddir/cpu-vendor-os/</em>libstdc++ directory.
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</p>
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<p>If you are rebuilding from a previous build [attempt], some
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information is kept in a cache file. This is stored in
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<em>gccbuilddir/cpu-vendor-os/</em> if you are building with
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multilibs (the default), or in
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<em>gccbuilddir/cpu-vendor-os/</em>libstdc++-v3 if you have
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multilibs disabled. The filename is config.cache; if previous
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information is causing problems, you can delete it entirely, or
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simply edit it and remove lines.
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</p>
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<p>You're done. Now install the rebuilt pieces with
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<pre>
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make install</pre>
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or
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<pre>
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make install-gcc
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make install-target-libstdc++-v3</pre>
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</p>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="postinstall">Post-installation</a></h2>
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<p>Installation will create the <em>destdir</em> directory and
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populate it with subdirectories:
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<pre>
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lib/
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include/g++-v3/
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backward/
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bits/
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<em>cpu-vendor-os</em>/bits/
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ext/</pre>
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</p>
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<p>You can check the status of the build without installing it using
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<pre>
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make check</pre>
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or you can check the status of the installed library using
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<pre>
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make check-install</pre>
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in the <em>libbuilddir</em> directory.
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These commands will create a 'testsuite' directory underneath
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<em>libbuilddir</em> containing the results of the tests. We are
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interested in any strange failures of the testsuite; please see
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<a href="faq/index.html#2_4">FAQ 2.4</a> for which files to examine.
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</p>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="usage">Using the library</a></h2>
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<li><B>Find the new library at runtime (shared linking only)</B>
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<p>If you only built a static library (libstdc++.a), or if you
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specified static linking, you don't have to worry about this.
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But if you built a shared library (libstdc++.so) and linked
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against it, then you will need to find that library when you
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run the executable.
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</p>
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<p>Methods vary for different platforms and different styles, but
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the usual ones are printed to the screen during installation.
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They include:
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<ul>
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<li>At runtime set LD_LIBRARY_PATH in your environment correctly,
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so that the shared library for libstdc++ can be found and
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loaded. Be certain that you understand all of the other
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implications and behavior of LD_LIBRARY_PATH first (few
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people do, and they get into trouble).
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<li>Compile the path to find the library at runtime into the
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program. This can be done by passing certain options to g++,
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which will in turn pass them on to the linker. The exact
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format of the options is dependent on which linker you use:
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<ul>
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<li>GNU ld (default on Linux):<code> -Wl,--rpath,<em>destdir</em>/lib</code>
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<li>IRIX ld:<code> -Wl,-rpath,<em>destdir</em>/lib</code>
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<li>Solaris ld:<code> -Wl,-R<em>destdir</em>/lib</code>
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<li>More...?
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</ul>
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</ul>
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</p>
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<p>Use the <code>ldd(1)</code> utility to show which library the system
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thinks it will get at runtime.
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</p>
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<p>A libstdc++.la file is also installed, for use with Libtool. If
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you use Libtool to create your executables, these details are
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taken care of for you.
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</p>
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</ol>
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</p>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name=""></a></h2>
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<p>
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</p>
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-->
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<!-- ####################################################### -->
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<hr>
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<p class="fineprint"><em>
|
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See <a href="17_intro/license.html">license.html</a> for copying conditions.
|
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Comments and suggestions are welcome, and may be sent to
|
2001-10-10 04:18:14 +08:00
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<a href="mailto:libstdc++@gcc.gnu.org">the libstdc++ mailing list</a>.
|
2001-09-18 07:24:40 +08:00
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</em></p>
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2001-09-18 07:24:40 +08:00
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</body>
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</html>
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