gcc/libstdc++-v3/docs/17_intro/howto.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
   <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
   <META NAME="AUTHOR" CONTENT="pme@sources.redhat.com (Phil Edwards)">
   <META NAME="KEYWORDS" CONTENT="HOWTO, libstdc++, gcc, g++, libg++, STL">
   <META NAME="DESCRIPTION" CONTENT="HOWTO for libstdc++ chapter 17.">
   <META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="vi and eight fingers">
   <TITLE>libstdc++-v3 HOWTO:  Chapter 17</TITLE>
<LINK REL=StyleSheet HREF="../lib3styles.css">
<!-- $Id: howto.html,v 1.5 2000/10/21 00:51:49 jsm28 Exp $ -->
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<H1 CLASS="centered"><A NAME="top">Chapter 17:  Library Introduction</A></H1>

<P>Chapter 17 is actually a list of definitions and descriptions used
   in the following chapters of the Standard when describing the actual
   library.  Here, we use &quot;Introduction&quot; as an introduction
   to the <EM>GNU implementation of</EM> the ISO Standard C++ Library.
</P>


<!-- ####################################################### -->
<HR>
<H1>Contents</H1>
<UL>
   <LI><A HREF="#2">The Standard C++ header files</A>
   <LI><A HREF="#3">Thread-safety</A>
   <LI><A HREF="#4"><TT>&lt;foo&gt;</TT> vs <TT>&lt;foo.h&gt;</TT></A>
   <LI><A HREF="porting-howto.html">Porting-howto</A>
</UL>

<HR>

<!-- ####################################################### -->

<H2><A NAME="2">The Standard C++ header files</A></H2>
   <P>The Standard C++ Library specifies 50 header files that must be
      available to all hosted implementations.  Actually, the word
      &quot;files&quot; is a misnomer, since the contents of the headers
      don't necessarily have to be in any kind of external file.  The
      only rule is that when you <TT>#include</TT> a certain header, the
      contents of that header, as defined by the Standard, become
      available to you, no matter how.
   </P>
   <P>The names of the headers can be easily seen in
      <A HREF="headers_cc.txt"><TT>testsuite/17_intro/headers.cc</TT></A>,
      which is a small testbed we use to make certain that the headers
      all compile and run.
   </P>

<HR>
<H2><A NAME="3">Thread-safety</A></H2>
   <P>This is a thorny issue that gets brought up on the libstdc++-v3
      and gcc mailing lists on a regular basis (probably by a cron job).
      This entry will mention a very little bit about the general MT
      issues with libstdc++.  The latest status and quick notes will be
      in FAQ 5.6.  Some discussion about threadsafe containers will be
      in section 6.8 (the HOWTOs on containers).
   </P>
   <P>The libstdc++ code (all of it, not just the containers) has been
      designed so that thread-safety will be easily possible.  The first
      (!) problem is finding a <EM>fast</EM> method of implementation
      portable to all platforms.  A minor problem that pops up every so
      often is different interpretations of what &quot;thread-safe&quot;
      means for a library (not a general program).  We currently use the
      <A HREF="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/thread_safety.html">same
      definition that SGI</A> uses for their STL subset.
   </P>
   <P>A recent journal article has described &quot;atomic integer
      operations,&quot; which would allow us to, well, perform updates
      on integers atomically, and without requiring an explicit mutex
      lock.  This appears promising, but the major difficulty is that
      these operations &quot;may not be available on all systems, and
      if they are, may have different interfaces.&quot; [quoting from
      mailing list messages]
   </P>
   <P>Here is a small link farm to threads (no pun) in the mail archives
      that discuss the threading problem.  Each link is to the first
      relevent message in the thread; from there you can use
      &quot;Thread Next&quot; to move down the thread.  This farm is in
      latest-to-oldest order.
      <UL>
        <LI>
      </UL>
      <BR>
      Here are discussions that took place before the current snapshot;
      they are still relevant and instructive.
      <BR>
      <UL>
        <LI>One way of preventing memory leaks by the old default memory
            allocator in multithreaded code is
            <A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/1999-11n/msg00431.html">discussed here</A>.
        <LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q3/msg00167.html">This thread
            concerns strings</A>.
        <LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00339.html">So does this
            one</A>.  This initial message also refers to another
            thread in the GCC mailing list...
        <LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/1999-06n/msg00680.html">which is here</A>,
            and goes on for some time.  Ironically, the initial message
            in this thread also mentions another threading thread...
        <LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-bugs/1999-04n/msg00777.html">beginning here</A>,
            and talking about pthreads.  (Note that a much more recent
            message from the first thread in this list notes that
            <A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q3/msg00176.html">pthreads
            should not be used as a starting point</A> for making
            libstdc++ threadsafe.)
        <LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00168.html">This
            message</A>,
            <A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00159.html">this one</A>,
            and <A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00156.html">this one</A>
            are the tops of related threads (all within the same time
            period) discussing threading and the IO library.  Much of it
            is dealing with the C library, but C++ is included as well.
      </UL>
   </P>
   <P>This section will be updated as new and interesting issues come
      to light.
   </P>
   <P>Return <A HREF="#top">to top of page</A> or
      <A HREF="../faq/index.html">to the FAQ</A>.
   </P>

<HR>
<H2><A NAME="4"><TT>&lt;foo&gt;</TT> vs <TT>&lt;foo.h&gt;</TT></A></H2>
   <P>The new-style headers are fully supported in libstdc++-v3.  The compiler
      itself fully supports namespaces.  However, at the moment, the compiler
      treats std:: as the global namespace by default.
   </P>
   <P>For those of you new to ISO C++98, no, that isn't a typo, the headers
      really have new names.  Marshall Cline's C++ FAQ Lite has a good
      explanation in
<A HREF="http://www.cerfnet.com/~mpcline/On-Line-C++-FAQ/coding-standards.html#[25.4]">item [25.4]</A>.
   </P>
   <P>Return <A HREF="#top">to top of page</A> or
      <A HREF="../faq/index.html">to the FAQ</A>.
   </P>


<!-- ####################################################### -->

<HR>
<P CLASS="fineprint"><EM>
Comments and suggestions are welcome, and may be sent to
<A HREF="mailto:pme@sources.redhat.com">Phil Edwards</A> or
<A HREF="mailto:gdr@gcc.gnu.org">Gabriel Dos Reis</A>.
<BR> $Id: howto.html,v 1.5 2000/10/21 00:51:49 jsm28 Exp $
</EM></P>


</BODY>
</HTML>
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">`
			`<HTML>`
			`<HEAD>`
			`<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">`
docs: Update sourceware->sources in every HTML file. 2000-07-11 Phil Edwards <pme@sourceware.cygnus.com> * docs: Update sourceware->sources in every HTML file. Minor updates. From-SVN: r34967 2000-07-12 05:45:08 +08:00			`<META NAME="AUTHOR" CONTENT="pme@sources.redhat.com (Phil Edwards)">`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`<META NAME="KEYWORDS" CONTENT="HOWTO, libstdc++, gcc, g++, libg++, STL">`
			`<META NAME="DESCRIPTION" CONTENT="HOWTO for libstdc++ chapter 17.">`
			`<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="vi and eight fingers">`
			`<TITLE>libstdc++-v3 HOWTO: Chapter 17</TITLE>`
			`<LINK REL=StyleSheet HREF="../lib3styles.css">`
configopts.html, [...]: Sync with wwwdocs. * docs/configopts.html, docs/documentation.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/contribute.html, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html, docs/faq/index.txt: Sync with wwwdocs. From-SVN: r37981 2000-12-04 07:47:49 +08:00			`<!-- $Id: howto.html,v 1.5 2000/10/21 00:51:49 jsm28 Exp $ -->`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`</HEAD>`
			`<BODY>`

			`<H1 CLASS="centered"><A NAME="top">Chapter 17: Library Introduction</A></H1>`

			`<P>Chapter 17 is actually a list of definitions and descriptions used`
			`in the following chapters of the Standard when describing the actual`
			`library. Here, we use "Introduction" as an introduction`
			`to the <EM>GNU implementation of</EM> the ISO Standard C++ Library.`
			`</P>`


			`<!-- ####################################################### -->`
			`<HR>`
			`<H1>Contents</H1>`
			`<UL>`
			`<LI><A HREF="#2">The Standard C++ header files</A>`
			`<LI><A HREF="#3">Thread-safety</A>`
			`<LI><A HREF="#4"><TT><foo></TT> vs <TT><foo.h></TT></A>`
[multiple changes] 2000-04-24 Nathan Myers <ncm@cantrip.org> * src/string-inst.cc: More fixing. 2000-04-24 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@gnu.org> * bits/stl_iterator.h: Pedantic fixing. * bits/std_sstream.h: And here. * bits/string.tcc: And here. 2000-04-24 Felix Natter <fnatter@gmx.net> * docs/17_intro/howto.html: Add bits. * docs/17_intro/porting-howto.html: New file. 2000-04-24 Branko Cibej <branko.cibej@hermes.si> * acinclude.m4(GLIBCPP_CHECK_WCHAR_T_SUPPORT): Expand @libinst_wstring_la@ to libinst-wstring.la when specializing for wchar_t, to empty string otherwise. * src/Makefile.am: (EXTRA_LTLIBRARIES): New. (sources): Remove $(string_sources) and $(wstring_sources). (libstdc___la_LIBADD): Add libinst-string.la and @libinst_wstring_la@. (libstdc___la_DEPENDENCIES): New. (libinst_string_la_SOURCES, libinst_wstring_la_SOURCES): New. From-SVN: r33402 2000-04-25 14:39:48 +08:00			`<LI><A HREF="porting-howto.html">Porting-howto</A>`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`</UL>`

			`<HR>`

			`<!-- ####################################################### -->`

			`<H2><A NAME="2">The Standard C++ header files</A></H2>`
			`<P>The Standard C++ Library specifies 50 header files that must be`
			`available to all hosted implementations. Actually, the word`
			`"files" is a misnomer, since the contents of the headers`
			`don't necessarily have to be in any kind of external file. The`
			`only rule is that when you <TT>#include</TT> a certain header, the`
			`contents of that header, as defined by the Standard, become`
			`available to you, no matter how.`
			`</P>`
			`<P>The names of the headers can be easily seen in`
footer.html: Update to see if it takes effect. 2000-05-03 Phil Edwards <pme@sourceware.cygnus.com> Felix Natter <fnatter@gmx.net> * docs/footer.html: Update to see if it takes effect. * docs/thanks.html: More people. * docs/17_intro/headers_cc.txt: Copy from testsuite, since that can't be seen from the web pages. Rename for browser-friendliness... * docs/17_intro/howto.html: ...and update here. * docs/17_intro/porting-howto.html: Changes from Felix. * docs/gccrebuild.html: Mention v3->egcs move. * docs/faq/index.html: Ditto. Also misc tweaks and URL updates. * docs/faq/index.txt: Regenerate. Co-Authored-By: Felix Natter <fnatter@gmx.net> From-SVN: r33631 2000-05-04 00:11:03 +08:00			`<A HREF="headers_cc.txt"><TT>testsuite/17_intro/headers.cc</TT></A>,`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`which is a small testbed we use to make certain that the headers`
			`all compile and run.`
			`</P>`

			`<HR>`
			`<H2><A NAME="3">Thread-safety</A></H2>`
			`<P>This is a thorny issue that gets brought up on the libstdc++-v3`
			`and gcc mailing lists on a regular basis (probably by a cron job).`
			`This entry will mention a very little bit about the general MT`
			`issues with libstdc++. The latest status and quick notes will be`
			`in FAQ 5.6. Some discussion about threadsafe containers will be`
			`in section 6.8 (the HOWTOs on containers).`
			`</P>`
			`<P>The libstdc++ code (all of it, not just the containers) has been`
			`designed so that thread-safety will be easily possible. The first`
			`(!) problem is finding a <EM>fast</EM> method of implementation`
			`portable to all platforms. A minor problem that pops up every so`
			`often is different interpretations of what "thread-safe"`
			`means for a library (not a general program). We currently use the`
			`<A HREF="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/thread_safety.html">same`
			`definition that SGI</A> uses for their STL subset.`
			`</P>`
			`<P>A recent journal article has described "atomic integer`
			`operations," which would allow us to, well, perform updates`
			`on integers atomically, and without requiring an explicit mutex`
			`lock. This appears promising, but the major difficulty is that`
			`these operations "may not be available on all systems, and`
			`if they are, may have different interfaces." [quoting from`
			`mailing list messages]`
			`</P>`
			`<P>Here is a small link farm to threads (no pun) in the mail archives`
			`that discuss the threading problem. Each link is to the first`
			`relevent message in the thread; from there you can use`
			`"Thread Next" to move down the thread. This farm is in`
			`latest-to-oldest order.`
			`<UL>`
			`<LI>`
			`</UL>`
			`<BR>`
			`Here are discussions that took place before the current snapshot;`
			`they are still relevant and instructive.`
			`<BR>`
			`<UL>`
			`<LI>One way of preventing memory leaks by the old default memory`
			`allocator in multithreaded code is`
configopts.html, [...]: Remove many EGCS references... * docs/configopts.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html: Remove many EGCS references; use current absolute URLs on gcc.gnu.org or sources.redhat.com for messages in list archives. * docs/faq/index.txt: Regenerate. From-SVN: r36988 2000-10-21 08:51:50 +08:00			`<A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/1999-11n/msg00431.html">discussed here</A>.`
configopts.html, [...]: Sync with wwwdocs. * docs/configopts.html, docs/documentation.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/contribute.html, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html, docs/faq/index.txt: Sync with wwwdocs. From-SVN: r37981 2000-12-04 07:47:49 +08:00			`<LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q3/msg00167.html">This thread`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`concerns strings</A>.`
configopts.html, [...]: Sync with wwwdocs. * docs/configopts.html, docs/documentation.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/contribute.html, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html, docs/faq/index.txt: Sync with wwwdocs. From-SVN: r37981 2000-12-04 07:47:49 +08:00			`<LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00339.html">So does this`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`one</A>. This initial message also refers to another`
			`thread in the GCC mailing list...`
configopts.html, [...]: Remove many EGCS references... * docs/configopts.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html: Remove many EGCS references; use current absolute URLs on gcc.gnu.org or sources.redhat.com for messages in list archives. * docs/faq/index.txt: Regenerate. From-SVN: r36988 2000-10-21 08:51:50 +08:00			`<LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/1999-06n/msg00680.html">which is here</A>,`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`and goes on for some time. Ironically, the initial message`
			`in this thread also mentions another threading thread...`
configopts.html, [...]: Remove many EGCS references... * docs/configopts.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html: Remove many EGCS references; use current absolute URLs on gcc.gnu.org or sources.redhat.com for messages in list archives. * docs/faq/index.txt: Regenerate. From-SVN: r36988 2000-10-21 08:51:50 +08:00			`<LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-bugs/1999-04n/msg00777.html">beginning here</A>,`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`and talking about pthreads. (Note that a much more recent`
			`message from the first thread in this list notes that`
configopts.html, [...]: Sync with wwwdocs. * docs/configopts.html, docs/documentation.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/contribute.html, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html, docs/faq/index.txt: Sync with wwwdocs. From-SVN: r37981 2000-12-04 07:47:49 +08:00			`<A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q3/msg00176.html">pthreads`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`should not be used as a starting point</A> for making`
			`libstdc++ threadsafe.)`
configopts.html, [...]: Sync with wwwdocs. * docs/configopts.html, docs/documentation.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/contribute.html, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html, docs/faq/index.txt: Sync with wwwdocs. From-SVN: r37981 2000-12-04 07:47:49 +08:00			`<LI><A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00168.html">This`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`message</A>,`
configopts.html, [...]: Sync with wwwdocs. * docs/configopts.html, docs/documentation.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/contribute.html, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html, docs/faq/index.txt: Sync with wwwdocs. From-SVN: r37981 2000-12-04 07:47:49 +08:00			`<A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00159.html">this one</A>,`
			`and <A HREF="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/1999-q2/msg00156.html">this one</A>`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`are the tops of related threads (all within the same time`
			`period) discussing threading and the IO library. Much of it`
			`is dealing with the C library, but C++ is included as well.`
			`</UL>`
			`</P>`
			`<P>This section will be updated as new and interesting issues come`
			`to light.`
			`</P>`
			`<P>Return <A HREF="#top">to top of page</A> or`
			`<A HREF="../faq/index.html">to the FAQ</A>.`
			`</P>`

			`<HR>`
			`<H2><A NAME="4"><TT><foo></TT> vs <TT><foo.h></TT></A></H2>`
			`<P>The new-style headers are fully supported in libstdc++-v3. The compiler`
			`itself fully supports namespaces. However, at the moment, the compiler`
			`treats std:: as the global namespace by default.`
			`</P>`
			`<P>For those of you new to ISO C++98, no, that isn't a typo, the headers`
			`really have new names. Marshall Cline's C++ FAQ Lite has a good`
			`explanation in`
			`<A HREF="http://www.cerfnet.com/~mpcline/On-Line-C++-FAQ/coding-standards.html#[25.4]">item [25.4]</A>.`
			`</P>`
			`<P>Return <A HREF="#top">to top of page</A> or`
			`<A HREF="../faq/index.html">to the FAQ</A>.`
			`</P>`



			`<!-- ####################################################### -->`

			`<HR>`
			`<P CLASS="fineprint"><EM>`
			`Comments and suggestions are welcome, and may be sent to`
docs: Update sourceware->sources in every HTML file. 2000-07-11 Phil Edwards <pme@sourceware.cygnus.com> * docs: Update sourceware->sources in every HTML file. Minor updates. From-SVN: r34967 2000-07-12 05:45:08 +08:00			`<A HREF="mailto:pme@sources.redhat.com">Phil Edwards</A> or`
configopts.html, [...]: Remove many EGCS references... * docs/configopts.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html: Remove many EGCS references; use current absolute URLs on gcc.gnu.org or sources.redhat.com for messages in list archives. * docs/faq/index.txt: Regenerate. From-SVN: r36988 2000-10-21 08:51:50 +08:00			`<A HREF="mailto:gdr@gcc.gnu.org">Gabriel Dos Reis</A>.`
configopts.html, [...]: Sync with wwwdocs. * docs/configopts.html, docs/documentation.html, docs/install.html, docs/17_intro/BADNAMES, docs/17_intro/contribute.html, docs/17_intro/howto.html, docs/18_support/howto.html, docs/19_diagnostics/howto.html, docs/20_util/howto.html, docs/21_strings/howto.html, docs/22_locale/howto.html, docs/23_containers/howto.html, docs/24_iterators/howto.html, docs/25_algorithms/howto.html, docs/26_numerics/howto.html, docs/27_io/howto.html, docs/ext/howto.html, docs/faq/index.html, docs/faq/index.txt: Sync with wwwdocs. From-SVN: r37981 2000-12-04 07:47:49 +08:00			`<BR> $Id: howto.html,v 1.5 2000/10/21 00:51:49 jsm28 Exp $`
libstdc++-v3: New directory. 2000-04-21 Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com> * libstdc++-v3: New directory. From-SVN: r33317 2000-04-22 04:33:34 +08:00			`</EM></P>`


			`</BODY>`
			`</HTML>`