diff --git a/packages/components/select/__tests__/select.test.ts b/packages/components/select/__tests__/select.test.ts
index fd891fec1d..14a5c08e77 100644
--- a/packages/components/select/__tests__/select.test.ts
+++ b/packages/components/select/__tests__/select.test.ts
@@ -1914,10 +1914,10 @@ describe('Select', () => {
     await nextTick()
 
     expect(innerInputEl.placeholder).toBe('')
-
     selectInput.trigger('keydown', {
       key: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
     })
+
     await nextTick()
     expect(innerInputEl.placeholder).toBe(placeholder)
     vi.useRealTimers()
@@ -2297,5 +2297,67 @@ describe('Select', () => {
       expect(vm.value).toBe(2)
       expect(findInnerInput().value).toBe('z')
     })
+    // fix: https://github.com/element-plus/element-plus/issues/11991
+    it('backspace key should not delete disabled options', async () => {
+      const options = [
+        {
+          value: 'Option1',
+          label: 'Option1',
+          disable: true,
+        },
+        {
+          value: 'Option2',
+          label: 'Option2',
+          disable: false,
+        },
+      ]
+      const value = ['Option2', 'Option1']
+      const wrapper = _mount(
+        `
+          <el-select v-model="value"
+            multiple
+            filterable
+          >
+            <el-option
+              v-for="option in options"
+              :key="option.value"
+              :value="option.value"
+              :label="option.label"
+              :disabled="option.disable"
+            >
+            </el-option>
+          </el-select>
+        `,
+        () => ({
+          value,
+          options,
+        })
+      )
+      await nextTick()
+      const selectInput = wrapper.find('.el-select__input')
+      expect(wrapper.findAll('.el-tag').length).toBe(2)
+      // need trigger keydown twice because first keydown just select option, and second keydown is to delete
+      await selectInput.trigger('keydown', {
+        code: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+        key: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+      })
+      await selectInput.trigger('keydown', {
+        code: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+        key: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+      })
+      await nextTick()
+      expect(wrapper.findAll('.el-tag').length).toBe(1)
+      await selectInput.trigger('keydown', {
+        code: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+        key: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+      })
+      await selectInput.trigger('keydown', {
+        code: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+        key: EVENT_CODE.backspace,
+      })
+      await nextTick()
+      // after the second deletion, an el-tag still exist
+      expect(wrapper.findAll('.el-tag').length).toBe(1)
+    })
   })
 })
diff --git a/packages/components/select/src/useSelect.ts b/packages/components/select/src/useSelect.ts
index 9b857ae413..d5a118a2a8 100644
--- a/packages/components/select/src/useSelect.ts
+++ b/packages/components/select/src/useSelect.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,12 @@ import {
   watch,
 } from 'vue'
 import { isObject, toRawType } from '@vue/shared'
-import { get, isEqual, debounce as lodashDebounce } from 'lodash-unified'
+import {
+  findLastIndex,
+  get,
+  isEqual,
+  debounce as lodashDebounce,
+} from 'lodash-unified'
 import {
   CHANGE_EVENT,
   EVENT_CODE,
@@ -40,6 +45,7 @@ export function useSelectStates(props) {
   return reactive({
     options: new Map(),
     cachedOptions: new Map(),
+    disabledOptions: new Map(),
     createdLabel: null,
     createdSelected: false,
     selected: props.multiple ? [] : ({} as any),
@@ -627,11 +633,16 @@ export const useSelect = (props, states: States, ctx) => {
     }
   }
 
+  const getLastNotDisabledIndex = (value) =>
+    findLastIndex(value, (it) => !states.disabledOptions.has(it))
+
   const deletePrevTag = (e) => {
     if (e.code === EVENT_CODE.delete) return
     if (e.target.value.length <= 0 && !toggleLastOptionHitState()) {
       const value = props.modelValue.slice()
-      value.pop()
+      const lastNotDisabledIndex = getLastNotDisabledIndex(value)
+      if (lastNotDisabledIndex < 0) return
+      value.splice(lastNotDisabledIndex, 1)
       ctx.emit(UPDATE_MODEL_EVENT, value)
       emitChange(value)
     }
@@ -754,6 +765,7 @@ export const useSelect = (props, states: States, ctx) => {
     states.filteredOptionsCount++
     states.options.set(vm.value, vm)
     states.cachedOptions.set(vm.value, vm)
+    vm.disabled && states.disabledOptions.set(vm.value, vm)
   }
 
   const onOptionDestroy = (key, vm: SelectOptionProxy) => {
@@ -772,7 +784,10 @@ export const useSelect = (props, states: States, ctx) => {
 
   const toggleLastOptionHitState = (hit?: boolean) => {
     if (!Array.isArray(states.selected)) return
-    const option = states.selected[states.selected.length - 1]
+    const lastNotDisabledIndex = getLastNotDisabledIndex(
+      states.selected.map((it) => it.value)
+    )
+    const option = states.selected[lastNotDisabledIndex]
     if (!option) return
 
     if (hit === true || hit === false) {