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curl/docs/HSTS.md
lucas 519b62ccd0
docs: update IETF links to use datatracker 
The tools.ietf.org domain has been deprecated a while now, with the
links being redirected to datatracker.ietf.org.

Rather than make people eat that redirect time, this change switches the
URL to a more canonical source.

Closes #8317
2022-01-21 23:06:36 +01:00

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HSTS support

HTTP Strict-Transport-Security. Added as experimental in curl 7.74.0. Supported "for real" since 7.77.0.

Standard

HTTP Strict Transport Security

Behavior

libcurl features an in-memory cache for HSTS hosts, so that subsequent HTTP-only requests to a host name present in the cache will get internally "redirected" to the HTTPS version.

curl_easy_setopt() options:

  • CURLOPT_HSTS_CTRL - enable HSTS for this easy handle
  • CURLOPT_HSTS - specify file name where to store the HSTS cache on close (and possibly read from at startup)

curl cmdline options

  • --hsts [filename] - enable HSTS, use the file as HSTS cache. If filename is "" (no length) then no file will be used, only in-memory cache.

HSTS cache file format

Lines starting with # are ignored.

For each hsts entry:

[host name] "YYYYMMDD HH:MM:SS"

The [host name] is dot-prefixed if it is a includeSubDomain.

The time stamp is when the entry expires.

I considered using wget's file format for the HSTS cache. However, they store the time stamp as the epoch (number of seconds since 1970) and I strongly disagree with using that format. Instead I opted to use a format similar to the curl alt-svc cache file format.

Possible future additions

  • CURLOPT_HSTS_PRELOAD - provide a set of preloaded HSTS host names
  • ability to save to something else than a file