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592 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
592 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# Ciphers
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With curl's options
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[`CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST`](https://curl.se/libcurl/c/CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST.html)
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and
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[`--ciphers`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--ciphers)
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users can control which ciphers to consider when negotiating TLS connections.
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TLS 1.3 ciphers are supported since curl 7.61 for OpenSSL 1.1.1+, and since
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curl 7.85 for Schannel with options
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[`CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS`](https://curl.se/libcurl/c/CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS.html)
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and
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[`--tls13-ciphers`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--tls13-ciphers)
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. If you are using a different SSL backend you can try setting TLS 1.3 cipher
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suites by using the respective regular cipher option.
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The names of the known ciphers differ depending on which TLS backend that
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libcurl was built to use. This is an attempt to list known cipher names.
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## OpenSSL
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(based on [OpenSSL docs](https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/openssl-ciphers.html))
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When specifying multiple cipher names, separate them with colon (`:`).
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### SSL3 cipher suites
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`NULL-MD5`
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`NULL-SHA`
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`RC4-MD5`
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`RC4-SHA`
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`IDEA-CBC-SHA`
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`DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ADH-RC4-MD5`
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`ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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### TLS v1.0 cipher suites
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`NULL-MD5`
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`NULL-SHA`
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`RC4-MD5`
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`RC4-SHA`
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`IDEA-CBC-SHA`
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`DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ADH-RC4-MD5`
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`ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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### AES cipher suites from RFC3268, extending TLS v1.0
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`AES128-SHA`
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`AES256-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-AES128-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-AES256-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ADH-AES128-SHA`
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`ADH-AES256-SHA`
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### SEED cipher suites from RFC4162, extending TLS v1.0
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`SEED-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-SEED-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-SEED-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-SEED-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-SEED-SHA`
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`ADH-SEED-SHA`
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### GOST cipher suites, extending TLS v1.0
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`GOST94-GOST89-GOST89`
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`GOST2001-GOST89-GOST89`
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`GOST94-NULL-GOST94`
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`GOST2001-NULL-GOST94`
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### Elliptic curve cipher suites
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`ECDHE-RSA-NULL-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-NULL-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`
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`AECDH-NULL-SHA`
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`AECDH-RC4-SHA`
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`AECDH-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`AECDH-AES128-SHA`
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`AECDH-AES256-SHA`
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### TLS v1.2 cipher suites
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`NULL-SHA256`
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`AES128-SHA256`
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`AES256-SHA256`
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`AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DH-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`DH-RSA-AES256-SHA256`
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`DH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DH-DSS-AES128-SHA256`
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`DH-DSS-AES256-SHA256`
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`DH-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DH-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256`
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`DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256`
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`DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DHE-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ADH-AES128-SHA256`
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`ADH-AES256-SHA256`
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`ADH-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ADH-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`AES128-CCM`
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`AES256-CCM`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-CCM`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-CCM`
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`AES128-CCM8`
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`AES256-CCM8`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-CCM8`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-CCM8`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM8`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM8`
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### Camellia HMAC-Based cipher suites from RFC6367, extending TLS v1.2
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA384`
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### TLS 1.3 cipher suites
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(Note these ciphers are set with `CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS` and `--tls13-ciphers`)
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`TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384`
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`TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256`
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## NSS
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### Totally insecure
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`rc4`
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`rc4-md5`
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`rc4export`
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`rc2`
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`rc2export`
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`des`
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`desede3`
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### SSL3/TLS cipher suites
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`rsa_rc4_128_md5`
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`rsa_rc4_128_sha`
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`rsa_3des_sha`
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`rsa_des_sha`
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`rsa_rc4_40_md5`
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`rsa_rc2_40_md5`
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`rsa_null_md5`
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`rsa_null_sha`
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`fips_3des_sha`
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`fips_des_sha`
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`fortezza`
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`fortezza_rc4_128_sha`
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`fortezza_null`
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### TLS 1.0 Exportable 56-bit Cipher Suites
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`rsa_des_56_sha`
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`rsa_rc4_56_sha`
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### AES ciphers
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`dhe_dss_aes_128_cbc_sha`
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`dhe_dss_aes_256_cbc_sha`
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`dhe_rsa_aes_128_cbc_sha`
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`dhe_rsa_aes_256_cbc_sha`
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`rsa_aes_128_sha`
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`rsa_aes_256_sha`
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### ECC ciphers
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`ecdh_ecdsa_null_sha`
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`ecdh_ecdsa_rc4_128_sha`
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`ecdh_ecdsa_3des_sha`
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`ecdh_ecdsa_aes_128_sha`
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`ecdh_ecdsa_aes_256_sha`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_null_sha`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_rc4_128_sha`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_3des_sha`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_aes_128_sha`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_aes_256_sha`
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`ecdh_rsa_null_sha`
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`ecdh_rsa_128_sha`
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`ecdh_rsa_3des_sha`
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`ecdh_rsa_aes_128_sha`
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`ecdh_rsa_aes_256_sha`
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`ecdhe_rsa_null`
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`ecdhe_rsa_rc4_128_sha`
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`ecdhe_rsa_3des_sha`
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`ecdhe_rsa_aes_128_sha`
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`ecdhe_rsa_aes_256_sha`
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`ecdh_anon_null_sha`
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`ecdh_anon_rc4_128sha`
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`ecdh_anon_3des_sha`
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`ecdh_anon_aes_128_sha`
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`ecdh_anon_aes_256_sha`
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### HMAC-SHA256 cipher suites
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`rsa_null_sha_256`
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`rsa_aes_128_cbc_sha_256`
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`rsa_aes_256_cbc_sha_256`
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`dhe_rsa_aes_128_cbc_sha_256`
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`dhe_rsa_aes_256_cbc_sha_256`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_aes_128_cbc_sha_256`
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`ecdhe_rsa_aes_128_cbc_sha_256`
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### AES GCM cipher suites in RFC 5288 and RFC 5289
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`rsa_aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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`dhe_rsa_aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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`dhe_dss_aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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`ecdh_ecdsa_aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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`ecdhe_rsa_aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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`ecdh_rsa_aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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### cipher suites using SHA384
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`rsa_aes_256_gcm_sha_384`
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`dhe_rsa_aes_256_gcm_sha_384`
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`dhe_dss_aes_256_gcm_sha_384`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_aes_256_sha_384`
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`ecdhe_rsa_aes_256_sha_384`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_aes_256_gcm_sha_384`
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`ecdhe_rsa_aes_256_gcm_sha_384`
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### chacha20-poly1305 cipher suites
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`ecdhe_rsa_chacha20_poly1305_sha_256`
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`ecdhe_ecdsa_chacha20_poly1305_sha_256`
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`dhe_rsa_chacha20_poly1305_sha_256`
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### TLS 1.3 cipher suites
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`aes_128_gcm_sha_256`
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`aes_256_gcm_sha_384`
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`chacha20_poly1305_sha_256`
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## GSKit
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Ciphers are internally defined as [numeric
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codes](https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/ssw_ibm_i_73/apis/gsk_attribute_set_buffer.htm). libcurl
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maps them to the following case-insensitive names.
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### SSL2 cipher suites (insecure: disabled by default)
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`rc2-md5`
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`rc4-md5`
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`exp-rc2-md5`
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`exp-rc4-md5`
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`des-cbc-md5`
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`des-cbc3-md5`
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### SSL3 cipher suites
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`null-md5`
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`null-sha`
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`rc4-md5`
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`rc4-sha`
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`exp-rc2-cbc-md5`
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`exp-rc4-md5`
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`exp-des-cbc-sha`
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`des-cbc3-sha`
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### TLS v1.0 cipher suites
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`null-md5`
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`null-sha`
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`rc4-md5`
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`rc4-sha`
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`exp-rc2-cbc-md5`
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`exp-rc4-md5`
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`exp-des-cbc-sha`
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`des-cbc3-sha`
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`aes128-sha`
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`aes256-sha`
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### TLS v1.1 cipher suites
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`null-md5`
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`null-sha`
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`rc4-md5`
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`rc4-sha`
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`exp-des-cbc-sha`
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`des-cbc3-sha`
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`aes128-sha`
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`aes256-sha`
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### TLS v1.2 cipher suites
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`null-md5`
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`null-sha`
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`null-sha256`
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`rc4-md5`
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`rc4-sha`
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`des-cbc3-sha`
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`aes128-sha`
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`aes256-sha`
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`aes128-sha256`
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`aes256-sha256`
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`aes128-gcm-sha256`
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`aes256-gcm-sha384`
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## WolfSSL
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`RC4-SHA`,
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`RC4-MD5`,
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`DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`AES128-SHA`,
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`AES256-SHA`,
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`NULL-SHA`,
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`NULL-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`PSK-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`PSK-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA384`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA256`,
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`PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA384`,
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`PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA256`,
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`PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA`,
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`PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES128-CCM`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES256-CCM`,
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`PSK-AES128-CCM`,
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`PSK-AES256-CCM`,
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`PSK-AES128-CCM-8`,
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`PSK-AES256-CCM-8`,
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`DHE-PSK-NULL-SHA384`,
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`DHE-PSK-NULL-SHA256`,
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`PSK-NULL-SHA384`,
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`PSK-NULL-SHA256`,
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`PSK-NULL-SHA`,
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`HC128-MD5`,
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`HC128-SHA`,
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`HC128-B2B256`,
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`AES128-B2B256`,
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`AES256-B2B256`,
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`RABBIT-SHA`,
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`NTRU-RC4-SHA`,
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`NTRU-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`NTRU-AES128-SHA`,
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`NTRU-AES256-SHA`,
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`AES128-CCM-8`,
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`AES256-CCM-8`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM-8`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM-8`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`AES128-SHA256`,
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`AES256-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDH-RSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`CAMELLIA128-SHA`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA`,
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`CAMELLIA256-SHA`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA`,
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`CAMELLIA128-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA256`,
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`CAMELLIA256-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305-OLD`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305-OLD`,
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`DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305-OLD`,
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`ADH-AES128-SHA`,
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`QSH`,
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`RENEGOTIATION-INFO`,
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`IDEA-CBC-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-NULL-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-PSK-NULL-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA256`,
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`PSK-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`ECDHE-PSK-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`DHE-PSK-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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## Schannel
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|
Schannel allows the enabling and disabling of encryption algorithms, but not
|
|
specific cipher suites. They are
|
|
[defined](https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/desktop/SecCrypto/alg-id) by
|
|
Microsoft.
|
|
|
|
There is also the case that the selected algorithm is not supported by the
|
|
protocol or does not match the ciphers offered by the server during the SSL
|
|
negotiation. In this case curl will return error
|
|
`CURLE_SSL_CONNECT_ERROR (35) SEC_E_ALGORITHM_MISMATCH`
|
|
and the request will fail.
|
|
|
|
`CALG_MD2`,
|
|
`CALG_MD4`,
|
|
`CALG_MD5`,
|
|
`CALG_SHA`,
|
|
`CALG_SHA1`,
|
|
`CALG_MAC`,
|
|
`CALG_RSA_SIGN`,
|
|
`CALG_DSS_SIGN`,
|
|
`CALG_NO_SIGN`,
|
|
`CALG_RSA_KEYX`,
|
|
`CALG_DES`,
|
|
`CALG_3DES_112`,
|
|
`CALG_3DES`,
|
|
`CALG_DESX`,
|
|
`CALG_RC2`,
|
|
`CALG_RC4`,
|
|
`CALG_SEAL`,
|
|
`CALG_DH_SF`,
|
|
`CALG_DH_EPHEM`,
|
|
`CALG_AGREEDKEY_ANY`,
|
|
`CALG_HUGHES_MD5`,
|
|
`CALG_SKIPJACK`,
|
|
`CALG_TEK`,
|
|
`CALG_CYLINK_MEK`,
|
|
`CALG_SSL3_SHAMD5`,
|
|
`CALG_SSL3_MASTER`,
|
|
`CALG_SCHANNEL_MASTER_HASH`,
|
|
`CALG_SCHANNEL_MAC_KEY`,
|
|
`CALG_SCHANNEL_ENC_KEY`,
|
|
`CALG_PCT1_MASTER`,
|
|
`CALG_SSL2_MASTER`,
|
|
`CALG_TLS1_MASTER`,
|
|
`CALG_RC5`,
|
|
`CALG_HMAC`,
|
|
`CALG_TLS1PRF`,
|
|
`CALG_HASH_REPLACE_OWF`,
|
|
`CALG_AES_128`,
|
|
`CALG_AES_192`,
|
|
`CALG_AES_256`,
|
|
`CALG_AES`,
|
|
`CALG_SHA_256`,
|
|
`CALG_SHA_384`,
|
|
`CALG_SHA_512`,
|
|
`CALG_ECDH`,
|
|
`CALG_ECMQV`,
|
|
`CALG_ECDSA`,
|
|
`CALG_ECDH_EPHEM`,
|
|
|
|
As of curl 7.77.0, you can also pass `SCH_USE_STRONG_CRYPTO` as a cipher name
|
|
to [constrain the set of available ciphers as specified in the Schannel
|
|
documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthn/tls-cipher-suites-in-windows-server-2022).
|
|
Note that the supported ciphers in this case follow the OS version, so if you
|
|
are running an outdated OS you might still be supporting weak ciphers.
|
|
|
|
### TLS 1.3 cipher suites
|
|
|
|
(Note these ciphers are set with `CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS` and `--tls13-ciphers`)
|
|
|
|
`TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384`
|
|
`TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256`
|
|
`TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256`
|
|
`TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256`
|
|
`TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256`
|
|
|
|
## BearSSL
|
|
|
|
BearSSL ciphers can be specified by either the OpenSSL name (`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`) or the IANA name (`TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256`).
|
|
|
|
Since BearSSL 0.1:
|
|
|
|
`DES-CBC3-SHA`
|
|
`AES128-SHA`
|
|
`AES256-SHA`
|
|
`AES128-SHA256`
|
|
`AES256-SHA256`
|
|
`AES128-GCM-SHA256`
|
|
`AES256-GCM-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDH-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
|
|
`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`
|
|
`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`
|
|
`ECDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
|
|
`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA`
|
|
`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA`
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
|
|
`ECDH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
|
|
`ECDH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
|
|
|
|
Since BearSSL 0.2:
|
|
|
|
`ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`
|
|
|
|
Since BearSSL 0.6:
|
|
|
|
`AES128-CCM`
|
|
`AES256-CCM`
|
|
`AES128-CCM8`
|
|
`AES256-CCM8`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM8`
|
|
`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM8`
|