mirror of
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434 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
434 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
<!--
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Copyright (C) Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
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SPDX-License-Identifier: curl
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-->
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# Ciphers
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With curl's options
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[`CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST`](https://curl.se/libcurl/c/CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST.html)
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and
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[`--ciphers`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--ciphers)
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users can control which ciphers to consider when negotiating TLS connections.
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TLS 1.3 ciphers are supported since curl 7.61 for OpenSSL 1.1.1+, and since
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curl 7.85 for Schannel with options
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[`CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS`](https://curl.se/libcurl/c/CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS.html)
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and
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[`--tls13-ciphers`](https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--tls13-ciphers)
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. If you are using a different SSL backend you can try setting TLS 1.3 cipher
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suites by using the respective regular cipher option.
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The names of the known ciphers differ depending on which TLS backend that
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libcurl was built to use. This is an attempt to list known cipher names.
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## OpenSSL
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(based on [OpenSSL docs](https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/openssl-ciphers.html))
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When specifying multiple cipher names, separate them with colon (`:`).
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### SSL3 cipher suites
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`NULL-MD5`
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`NULL-SHA`
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`RC4-MD5`
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`RC4-SHA`
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`IDEA-CBC-SHA`
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`DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ADH-RC4-MD5`
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`ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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### TLS v1.0 cipher suites
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`NULL-MD5`
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`NULL-SHA`
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`RC4-MD5`
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`RC4-SHA`
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`IDEA-CBC-SHA`
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`DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ADH-RC4-MD5`
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`ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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### AES cipher suites from RFC 3268, extending TLS v1.0
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`AES128-SHA`
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`AES256-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-AES128-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-AES256-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ADH-AES128-SHA`
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`ADH-AES256-SHA`
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### SEED cipher suites from RFC 4162, extending TLS v1.0
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`SEED-SHA`
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`DH-DSS-SEED-SHA`
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`DH-RSA-SEED-SHA`
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`DHE-DSS-SEED-SHA`
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`DHE-RSA-SEED-SHA`
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`ADH-SEED-SHA`
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### GOST cipher suites, extending TLS v1.0
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`GOST94-GOST89-GOST89`
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`GOST2001-GOST89-GOST89`
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`GOST94-NULL-GOST94`
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`GOST2001-NULL-GOST94`
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### Elliptic curve cipher suites
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`ECDHE-RSA-NULL-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-NULL-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`
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`AECDH-NULL-SHA`
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`AECDH-RC4-SHA`
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`AECDH-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`AECDH-AES128-SHA`
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`AECDH-AES256-SHA`
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### TLS v1.2 cipher suites
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`NULL-SHA256`
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`AES128-SHA256`
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`AES256-SHA256`
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`AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DH-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`DH-RSA-AES256-SHA256`
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`DH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DH-DSS-AES128-SHA256`
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`DH-DSS-AES256-SHA256`
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`DH-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DH-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256`
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`DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256`
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`DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`DHE-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ADH-AES128-SHA256`
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`ADH-AES256-SHA256`
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`ADH-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ADH-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`AES128-CCM`
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`AES256-CCM`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-CCM`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-CCM`
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`AES128-CCM8`
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`AES256-CCM8`
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-CCM8`
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-CCM8`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM8`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM8`
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### Camellia HMAC-Based cipher suites from RFC 6367, extending TLS v1.2
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA384`
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### TLS 1.3 cipher suites
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(Note these ciphers are set with `CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS` and `--tls13-ciphers`)
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`TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384`
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`TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256`
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## wolfSSL
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`RC4-SHA`,
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`RC4-MD5`,
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`DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`AES128-SHA`,
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`AES256-SHA`,
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`NULL-SHA`,
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`NULL-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`PSK-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`PSK-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA384`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA256`,
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`PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA384`,
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`PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA256`,
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`PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA`,
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`PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES128-CCM`,
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`DHE-PSK-AES256-CCM`,
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`PSK-AES128-CCM`,
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`PSK-AES256-CCM`,
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`PSK-AES128-CCM-8`,
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`PSK-AES256-CCM-8`,
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`DHE-PSK-NULL-SHA384`,
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`DHE-PSK-NULL-SHA256`,
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`PSK-NULL-SHA384`,
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`PSK-NULL-SHA256`,
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`PSK-NULL-SHA`,
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`HC128-MD5`,
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`HC128-SHA`,
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`HC128-B2B256`,
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`AES128-B2B256`,
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`AES256-B2B256`,
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`RABBIT-SHA`,
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`NTRU-RC4-SHA`,
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`NTRU-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`NTRU-AES128-SHA`,
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`NTRU-AES256-SHA`,
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`AES128-CCM-8`,
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`AES256-CCM-8`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM-8`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM-8`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`AES128-SHA256`,
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`AES256-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`,
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`ECDH-RSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-RC4-SHA`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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`AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`,
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`CAMELLIA128-SHA`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA`,
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`CAMELLIA256-SHA`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA`,
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`CAMELLIA128-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA256`,
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`CAMELLIA256-SHA256`,
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`DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305-OLD`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305-OLD`,
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`DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305-OLD`,
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`ADH-AES128-SHA`,
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`QSH`,
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`RENEGOTIATION-INFO`,
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`IDEA-CBC-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-NULL-SHA`,
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`ECDHE-PSK-NULL-SHA256`,
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`ECDHE-PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA256`,
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`PSK-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`ECDHE-PSK-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`DHE-PSK-CHACHA20-POLY1305`,
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`EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`,
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## Schannel
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Schannel allows the enabling and disabling of encryption algorithms, but not
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specific cipher suites, prior to TLS 1.3. The algorithms are
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[defined](https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/desktop/SecCrypto/alg-id) by
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Microsoft.
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The algorithms below are for TLS 1.2 and earlier. TLS 1.3 is covered in the
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next section.
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There is also the case that the selected algorithm is not supported by the
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protocol or does not match the ciphers offered by the server during the SSL
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negotiation. In this case curl returns error
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`CURLE_SSL_CONNECT_ERROR (35) SEC_E_ALGORITHM_MISMATCH`
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and the request fails.
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`CALG_MD2`,
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`CALG_MD4`,
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`CALG_MD5`,
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`CALG_SHA`,
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`CALG_SHA1`,
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`CALG_MAC`,
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`CALG_RSA_SIGN`,
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`CALG_DSS_SIGN`,
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`CALG_NO_SIGN`,
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`CALG_RSA_KEYX`,
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`CALG_DES`,
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`CALG_3DES_112`,
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`CALG_3DES`,
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`CALG_DESX`,
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`CALG_RC2`,
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`CALG_RC4`,
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`CALG_SEAL`,
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`CALG_DH_SF`,
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`CALG_DH_EPHEM`,
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`CALG_AGREEDKEY_ANY`,
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`CALG_HUGHES_MD5`,
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`CALG_SKIPJACK`,
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`CALG_TEK`,
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`CALG_CYLINK_MEK`,
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`CALG_SSL3_SHAMD5`,
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`CALG_SSL3_MASTER`,
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`CALG_SCHANNEL_MASTER_HASH`,
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`CALG_SCHANNEL_MAC_KEY`,
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`CALG_SCHANNEL_ENC_KEY`,
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`CALG_PCT1_MASTER`,
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`CALG_SSL2_MASTER`,
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`CALG_TLS1_MASTER`,
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`CALG_RC5`,
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`CALG_HMAC`,
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`CALG_TLS1PRF`,
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`CALG_HASH_REPLACE_OWF`,
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`CALG_AES_128`,
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`CALG_AES_192`,
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`CALG_AES_256`,
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`CALG_AES`,
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`CALG_SHA_256`,
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`CALG_SHA_384`,
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`CALG_SHA_512`,
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`CALG_ECDH`,
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`CALG_ECMQV`,
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`CALG_ECDSA`,
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`CALG_ECDH_EPHEM`,
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As of curl 7.77.0, you can also pass `SCH_USE_STRONG_CRYPTO` as a cipher name
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to [constrain the set of available ciphers as specified in the Schannel
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documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthn/tls-cipher-suites-in-windows-server-2022).
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Note that the supported ciphers in this case follow the OS version, so if you
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are running an outdated OS you might still be supporting weak ciphers.
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### TLS 1.3 cipher suites
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You can set TLS 1.3 ciphers for Schannel by using `CURLOPT_TLS13_CIPHERS` or
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`--tls13-ciphers` with the names below.
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If TLS 1.3 cipher suites are set then libcurl adds or restricts Schannel TLS
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1.3 algorithms automatically. Essentially, libcurl is emulating support for
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individual TLS 1.3 cipher suites since Schannel does not support it directly.
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`TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384`
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`TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256`
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`TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256`
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`TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256`
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Note if you set TLS 1.3 ciphers without also setting the minimum TLS version
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to 1.3 then it is possible Schannel may negotiate an earlier TLS version and
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cipher suite if your libcurl and OS settings allow it. You can set the minimum
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TLS version by using `CURLOPT_SSLVERSION` or `--tlsv1.3`.
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## BearSSL
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BearSSL ciphers can be specified by either the OpenSSL name (`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`) or the IANA name (`TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256`).
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Since BearSSL 0.1:
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`DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`AES128-SHA`
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`AES256-SHA`
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`AES128-SHA256`
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`AES256-SHA256`
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`AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDH-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ECDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA256`
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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`ECDH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256`
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`ECDH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384`
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Since BearSSL 0.2:
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`ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305`
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Since BearSSL 0.6:
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`AES128-CCM`
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`AES256-CCM`
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`AES128-CCM8`
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`AES256-CCM8`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-CCM8`
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`ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM8`
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