curl/docs/examples/smtp-tls.c

/***************************************************************************
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 *
 * Copyright (C) 1998 - 2022, Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
 *
 * This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which
 * you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms
 * are also available at https://curl.se/docs/copyright.html.
 *
 * You may opt to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, under the terms of the COPYING file.
 *
 * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: curl
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 ***************************************************************************/

/* <DESC>
 * SMTP example using TLS
 * </DESC>
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>

/* This is a simple example showing how to send mail using libcurl's SMTP
 * capabilities. It builds on the smtp-mail.c example to add authentication
 * and, more importantly, transport security to protect the authentication
 * details from being snooped.
 *
 * Note that this example requires libcurl 7.20.0 or above.
 */

#define FROM_MAIL     "<sender@example.com>"
#define TO_MAIL       "<recipient@example.com>"
#define CC_MAIL       "<info@example.com>"

static const char *payload_text =
  "Date: Mon, 29 Nov 2010 21:54:29 +1100\r\n"
  "To: " TO_MAIL "\r\n"
  "From: " FROM_MAIL "\r\n"
  "Cc: " CC_MAIL "\r\n"
  "Message-ID: <dcd7cb36-11db-487a-9f3a-e652a9458efd@"
  "rfcpedant.example.org>\r\n"
  "Subject: SMTP example message\r\n"
  "\r\n" /* empty line to divide headers from body, see RFC5322 */
  "The body of the message starts here.\r\n"
  "\r\n"
  "It could be a lot of lines, could be MIME encoded, whatever.\r\n"
  "Check RFC5322.\r\n";

struct upload_status {
  size_t bytes_read;
};

static size_t payload_source(char *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp)
{
  struct upload_status *upload_ctx = (struct upload_status *)userp;
  const char *data;
  size_t room = size * nmemb;

  if((size == 0) || (nmemb == 0) || ((size*nmemb) < 1)) {
    return 0;
  }

  data = &payload_text[upload_ctx->bytes_read];

  if(data) {
    size_t len = strlen(data);
    if(room < len)
      len = room;
    memcpy(ptr, data, len);
    upload_ctx->bytes_read += len;

    return len;
  }

  return 0;
}

int main(void)
{
  CURL *curl;
  CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
  struct curl_slist *recipients = NULL;
  struct upload_status upload_ctx = { 0 };

  curl = curl_easy_init();
  if(curl) {
    /* Set username and password */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USERNAME, "user");
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PASSWORD, "secret");

    /* This is the URL for your mailserver. Note the use of port 587 here,
     * instead of the normal SMTP port (25). Port 587 is commonly used for
     * secure mail submission (see RFC4403), but you should use whatever
     * matches your server configuration. */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "smtp://mainserver.example.net:587");

    /* In this example, we will start with a plain text connection, and upgrade
     * to Transport Layer Security (TLS) using the STARTTLS command. Be careful
     * of using CURLUSESSL_TRY here, because if TLS upgrade fails, the transfer
     * will continue anyway - see the security discussion in the libcurl
     * tutorial for more details. */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USE_SSL, (long)CURLUSESSL_ALL);

    /* If your server does not have a valid certificate, then you can disable
     * part of the Transport Layer Security protection by setting the
     * CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER and CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST options to 0 (false).
     *   curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L);
     *   curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L);
     * That is, in general, a bad idea. It is still better than sending your
     * authentication details in plain text though.  Instead, you should get
     * the issuer certificate (or the host certificate if the certificate is
     * self-signed) and add it to the set of certificates that are known to
     * libcurl using CURLOPT_CAINFO and/or CURLOPT_CAPATH. See docs/SSLCERTS
     * for more information. */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CAINFO, "/path/to/certificate.pem");

    /* Note that this option is not strictly required, omitting it will result
     * in libcurl sending the MAIL FROM command with empty sender data. All
     * autoresponses should have an empty reverse-path, and should be directed
     * to the address in the reverse-path which triggered them. Otherwise,
     * they could cause an endless loop. See RFC 5321 Section 4.5.5 for more
     * details.
     */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_MAIL_FROM, FROM_MAIL);

    /* Add two recipients, in this particular case they correspond to the
     * To: and Cc: addressees in the header, but they could be any kind of
     * recipient. */
    recipients = curl_slist_append(recipients, TO_MAIL);
    recipients = curl_slist_append(recipients, CC_MAIL);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_MAIL_RCPT, recipients);

    /* We are using a callback function to specify the payload (the headers and
     * body of the message). You could just use the CURLOPT_READDATA option to
     * specify a FILE pointer to read from. */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, payload_source);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, &upload_ctx);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1L);

    /* Since the traffic will be encrypted, it is very useful to turn on debug
     * information within libcurl to see what is happening during the transfer.
     */
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L);

    /* Send the message */
    res = curl_easy_perform(curl);

    /* Check for errors */
    if(res != CURLE_OK)
      fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_perform() failed: %s\n",
              curl_easy_strerror(res));

    /* Free the list of recipients */
    curl_slist_free_all(recipients);

    /* Always cleanup */
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
  }

  return (int)res;
}