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binutils-gdb/bfd/elf32-m68hc12.c
Alan Modra d87bef3a7b Update year range in copyright notice of binutils files 
The newer update-copyright.py fixes file encoding too, removing cr/lf
on binutils/bfdtest2.c and ld/testsuite/ld-cygwin/exe-export.exp, and
embedded cr in binutils/testsuite/binutils-all/ar.exp string match.
2023-01-01 21:50:11 +10:30

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/* Motorola 68HC12-specific support for 32-bit ELF
Copyright (C) 1999-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Contributed by Stephane Carrez (stcarrez@nerim.fr)
(Heavily copied from the D10V port by Martin Hunt (hunt@cygnus.com))
This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
MA 02110-1301, USA. */
#include "sysdep.h"
#include "bfd.h"
#include "bfdlink.h"
#include "libbfd.h"
#include "elf-bfd.h"
#include "elf32-m68hc1x.h"
#include "elf/m68hc11.h"
#include "opcode/m68hc11.h"
/* Relocation functions. */
static reloc_howto_type *bfd_elf32_bfd_reloc_type_lookup
(bfd *, bfd_reloc_code_real_type);
static bool m68hc11_info_to_howto_rel
(bfd *, arelent *, Elf_Internal_Rela *);
/* Trampoline generation. */
/* Use REL instead of RELA to save space */
#define USE_REL 1
/* The 68HC12 microcontroler has a memory bank switching system
with a 16Kb window in the 64Kb address space. The extended memory
is mapped in the 16Kb window (at 0x8000). The page register controls
which 16Kb bank is mapped. The call/rtc instructions take care of
bank switching in function calls/returns.
For GNU Binutils to work, we consider there is a physical memory
at 0..0x0ffff and a kind of virtual memory above that. Symbols
in virtual memory have their addresses treated in a special way
when disassembling and when linking.
For the linker to work properly, we must always relocate the virtual
memory as if it is mapped at 0x8000. When a 16-bit relocation is
made in the virtual memory, we check that it does not cross the
memory bank where it is used. This would involve a page change
which would be wrong. The 24-bit relocation is for that and it
treats the address as a physical address + page number.
Banked
Address Space
| | Page n
+---------------+ 0x1010000
| |
| jsr _foo |
| .. | Page 3
| _foo: |
+---------------+ 0x100C000
| |
| call _bar |
| .. | Page 2
| _bar: |
+---------------+ 0x1008000
/------>| |
| | call _foo | Page 1
| | |
| +---------------+ 0x1004000
Physical | | |
Address Space | | | Page 0
| | |
+-----------+ 0x00FFFF | +---------------+ 0x1000000
| | |
| call _foo | |
| | |
+-----------+ 0x00BFFF -+---/
| | |
| | |
| | 16K |
| | |
+-----------+ 0x008000 -+
| |
| |
= =
| |
| |
+-----------+ 0000
The 'call _foo' must be relocated with page 3 and 16-bit address
mapped at 0x8000.
The 3-bit and 16-bit PC rel relocation is only used by 68HC12. */
static reloc_howto_type elf_m68hc11_howto_table[] = {
/* This reloc does nothing. */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_NONE, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
0, /* size */
0, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont,/* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_NONE", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0, /* src_mask */
0, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 8 bit absolute relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_8, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
8, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_8", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x00ff, /* src_mask */
0x00ff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 8 bit absolute relocation (upper address) */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_HI8, /* type */
8, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
8, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_HI8", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x00ff, /* src_mask */
0x00ff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 8 bit absolute relocation (upper address) */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_LO8, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
8, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_LO8", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x00ff, /* src_mask */
0x00ff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 8 bit PC-rel relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_PCREL_8, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
8, /* bitsize */
true, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_PCREL_8", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x00ff, /* src_mask */
0x00ff, /* dst_mask */
true), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 16 bit absolute relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_16, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
16, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont /*bitfield */ , /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_16", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0xffff, /* src_mask */
0xffff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 32 bit absolute relocation. This one is never used for the
code relocation. It's used by gas for -gstabs generation. */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_32, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
4, /* size */
32, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_32", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0xffffffff, /* src_mask */
0xffffffff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 3 bit absolute relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_3B, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
3, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_4B", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x003, /* src_mask */
0x003, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 16 bit PC-rel relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_PCREL_16, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
16, /* bitsize */
true, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_PCREL_16", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0xffff, /* src_mask */
0xffff, /* dst_mask */
true), /* pcrel_offset */
/* GNU extension to record C++ vtable hierarchy */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_GNU_VTINHERIT, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
0, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
NULL, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC11_GNU_VTINHERIT", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0, /* src_mask */
0, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* GNU extension to record C++ vtable member usage */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_GNU_VTENTRY, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
0, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
_bfd_elf_rel_vtable_reloc_fn, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC11_GNU_VTENTRY", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0, /* src_mask */
0, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 24 bit relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_24, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
4, /* size */
24, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
m68hc11_elf_special_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_24", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0xffffff, /* src_mask */
0xffffff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 16-bit low relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_LO16, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
16, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
m68hc11_elf_special_reloc,/* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_LO16", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0xffff, /* src_mask */
0xffff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A page relocation */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_PAGE, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
8, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
m68hc11_elf_special_reloc,/* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_PAGE", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x00ff, /* src_mask */
0x00ff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
EMPTY_HOWTO (14),
/* A 16 bit absolute relocation. */
HOWTO (R_M68HC12_16B, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
16, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_16B", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0xffff, /* src_mask */
0xffff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 9 bit PC-rel relocation. */
HOWTO (R_M68HC12_PCREL_9, /* type */
1, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
10, /* bitsize (result is >>1) */
true, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_PCREL_9", /* name */
true, /* partial_inplace */
0xfe00, /* src_mask */
0x01ff, /* dst_mask */
true), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 10 bit PC-rel relocation. */
HOWTO (R_M68HC12_PCREL_10, /* type */
1, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
11, /* bitsize (result is >>1) */
true, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_PCREL_10", /* name */
true, /* partial_inplace */
0xfc00, /* src_mask */
0x03ff, /* dst_mask */
true), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 8 bit absolute relocation (upper address). */
HOWTO (R_M68HC12_HI8XG, /* type */
8, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
8, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_HI8XG", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x00ff, /* src_mask */
0x00ff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* A 8 bit absolute relocation (lower address). */
HOWTO (R_M68HC12_LO8XG, /* type */
8, /* rightshift */
1, /* size */
8, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_bitfield, /* complain_on_overflow */
bfd_elf_generic_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_LO8XG", /* name */
false, /* partial_inplace */
0x00ff, /* src_mask */
0x00ff, /* dst_mask */
false), /* pcrel_offset */
/* Mark beginning of a jump instruction (any form). */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_RL_JUMP, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
0, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
m68hc11_elf_ignore_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_RL_JUMP", /* name */
true, /* partial_inplace */
0, /* src_mask */
0, /* dst_mask */
true), /* pcrel_offset */
/* Mark beginning of Gcc relaxation group instruction. */
HOWTO (R_M68HC11_RL_GROUP, /* type */
0, /* rightshift */
2, /* size */
0, /* bitsize */
false, /* pc_relative */
0, /* bitpos */
complain_overflow_dont, /* complain_on_overflow */
m68hc11_elf_ignore_reloc, /* special_function */
"R_M68HC12_RL_GROUP", /* name */
true, /* partial_inplace */
0, /* src_mask */
0, /* dst_mask */
true), /* pcrel_offset */
};
/* Map BFD reloc types to M68HC11 ELF reloc types. */
struct m68hc11_reloc_map
{
bfd_reloc_code_real_type bfd_reloc_val;
unsigned char elf_reloc_val;
};
static const struct m68hc11_reloc_map m68hc11_reloc_map[] =
{
{BFD_RELOC_NONE, R_M68HC11_NONE,},
{BFD_RELOC_8, R_M68HC11_8},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_HI8, R_M68HC11_HI8},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_LO8, R_M68HC11_LO8},
{BFD_RELOC_8_PCREL, R_M68HC11_PCREL_8},
{BFD_RELOC_16_PCREL, R_M68HC11_PCREL_16},
{BFD_RELOC_16, R_M68HC11_16},
{BFD_RELOC_32, R_M68HC11_32},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_3B, R_M68HC11_3B},
{BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT, R_M68HC11_GNU_VTINHERIT},
{BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY, R_M68HC11_GNU_VTENTRY},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_LO16, R_M68HC11_LO16},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_PAGE, R_M68HC11_PAGE},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_24, R_M68HC11_24},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_RL_JUMP, R_M68HC11_RL_JUMP},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_RL_GROUP, R_M68HC11_RL_GROUP},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC12_16B, R_M68HC12_16B},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC12_9_PCREL, R_M68HC12_PCREL_9},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC12_10_PCREL, R_M68HC12_PCREL_10},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC12_HI8XG, R_M68HC12_HI8XG},
{BFD_RELOC_M68HC12_LO8XG, R_M68HC12_LO8XG},
};
static reloc_howto_type *
bfd_elf32_bfd_reloc_type_lookup (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
bfd_reloc_code_real_type code)
{
unsigned int i;
for (i = 0;
i < sizeof (m68hc11_reloc_map) / sizeof (struct m68hc11_reloc_map);
i++)
{
if (m68hc11_reloc_map[i].bfd_reloc_val == code)
return &elf_m68hc11_howto_table[m68hc11_reloc_map[i].elf_reloc_val];
}
return NULL;
}
static reloc_howto_type *
bfd_elf32_bfd_reloc_name_lookup (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
const char *r_name)
{
unsigned int i;
for (i = 0;
i < (sizeof (elf_m68hc11_howto_table)
/ sizeof (elf_m68hc11_howto_table[0]));
i++)
if (elf_m68hc11_howto_table[i].name != NULL
&& strcasecmp (elf_m68hc11_howto_table[i].name, r_name) == 0)
return &elf_m68hc11_howto_table[i];
return NULL;
}
/* Set the howto pointer for an M68HC11 ELF reloc. */
static bool
m68hc11_info_to_howto_rel (bfd *abfd,
arelent *cache_ptr, Elf_Internal_Rela *dst)
{
unsigned int r_type;
r_type = ELF32_R_TYPE (dst->r_info);
if (r_type >= (unsigned int) R_M68HC11_max)
{
/* xgettext:c-format */
_bfd_error_handler (_("%pB: unsupported relocation type %#x"),
abfd, r_type);
bfd_set_error (bfd_error_bad_value);
return false;
}
cache_ptr->howto = &elf_m68hc11_howto_table[r_type];
return true;
}
/* Far trampoline generation. */
/* Build a 68HC12 trampoline stub. */
static bool
m68hc12_elf_build_one_stub (struct bfd_hash_entry *gen_entry, void *in_arg)
{
struct elf32_m68hc11_stub_hash_entry *stub_entry;
struct bfd_link_info *info;
struct m68hc11_elf_link_hash_table *htab;
asection *stub_sec;
bfd *stub_bfd;
bfd_byte *loc;
bfd_vma sym_value, phys_page, phys_addr;
/* Massage our args to the form they really have. */
stub_entry = (struct elf32_m68hc11_stub_hash_entry *) gen_entry;
info = (struct bfd_link_info *) in_arg;
/* Fail if the target section could not be assigned to an output
section. The user should fix his linker script. */
if (stub_entry->target_section->output_section == NULL
&& info->non_contiguous_regions)
info->callbacks->einfo (_("%F%P: Could not assign `%pA' to an output section. "
"Retry without --enable-non-contiguous-regions.\n"),
stub_entry->target_section);
htab = m68hc11_elf_hash_table (info);
stub_sec = stub_entry->stub_sec;
/* Make a note of the offset within the stubs for this entry. */
stub_entry->stub_offset = stub_sec->size;
stub_sec->size += 7;
loc = stub_sec->contents + stub_entry->stub_offset;
stub_bfd = stub_sec->owner;
/* Create the trampoline call stub:
ldy #%addr(symbol)
call %page(symbol), __trampoline
*/
sym_value = (stub_entry->target_value
+ stub_entry->target_section->output_offset
+ stub_entry->target_section->output_section->vma);
phys_addr = m68hc11_phys_addr (&htab->pinfo, sym_value);
phys_page = m68hc11_phys_page (&htab->pinfo, sym_value);
/* ldy #%page(sym) */
bfd_put_8 (stub_bfd, 0xCD, loc);
bfd_put_16 (stub_bfd, phys_addr, loc + 1);
loc += 3;
/* call %page(sym), __trampoline */
bfd_put_8 (stub_bfd, 0x4a, loc);
bfd_put_16 (stub_bfd, htab->pinfo.trampoline_addr, loc + 1);
bfd_put_8 (stub_bfd, phys_page, loc + 3);
return true;
}
/* As above, but don't actually build the stub. Just bump offset so
we know stub section sizes. */
static bool
m68hc12_elf_size_one_stub (struct bfd_hash_entry *gen_entry,
void *in_arg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
struct elf32_m68hc11_stub_hash_entry *stub_entry;
/* Massage our args to the form they really have. */
stub_entry = (struct elf32_m68hc11_stub_hash_entry *) gen_entry;
stub_entry->stub_sec->size += 7;
return true;
}
/* Create a 68HC12 ELF linker hash table. */
static struct bfd_link_hash_table *
m68hc12_elf_bfd_link_hash_table_create (bfd *abfd)
{
struct m68hc11_elf_link_hash_table *ret;
ret = m68hc11_elf_hash_table_create (abfd);
if (ret == (struct m68hc11_elf_link_hash_table *) NULL)
return NULL;
ret->size_one_stub = m68hc12_elf_size_one_stub;
ret->build_one_stub = m68hc12_elf_build_one_stub;
return &ret->root.root;
}
static bool
m68hc12_elf_set_mach_from_flags (bfd *abfd)
{
flagword flags = elf_elfheader (abfd)->e_flags;
switch (flags & EF_M68HC11_MACH_MASK)
{
case EF_M68HC12_MACH:
bfd_default_set_arch_mach (abfd, bfd_arch_m68hc12, bfd_mach_m6812);
break;
case EF_M68HCS12_MACH:
bfd_default_set_arch_mach (abfd, bfd_arch_m68hc12, bfd_mach_m6812s);
break;
case EF_M68HC11_GENERIC:
bfd_default_set_arch_mach (abfd, bfd_arch_m68hc12,
bfd_mach_m6812_default);
break;
default:
return false;
}
return true;
}
/* Specific sections:
- The .page0 is a data section that is mapped in [0x0000..0x00FF].
Page0 accesses are faster on the M68HC12.
- The .vectors is the section that represents the interrupt
vectors. */
static const struct bfd_elf_special_section elf32_m68hc12_special_sections[] =
{
{ STRING_COMMA_LEN (".eeprom"), 0, SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC + SHF_WRITE },
{ STRING_COMMA_LEN (".page0"), 0, SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC + SHF_WRITE },
{ STRING_COMMA_LEN (".softregs"), 0, SHT_NOBITS, SHF_ALLOC + SHF_WRITE },
{ STRING_COMMA_LEN (".vectors"), 0, SHT_PROGBITS, SHF_ALLOC },
{ NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
};
#define ELF_ARCH bfd_arch_m68hc12
#define ELF_TARGET_ID M68HC11_ELF_DATA
#define ELF_MACHINE_CODE EM_68HC12
#define ELF_MAXPAGESIZE 0x1000
#define TARGET_BIG_SYM m68hc12_elf32_vec
#define TARGET_BIG_NAME "elf32-m68hc12"
#define elf_info_to_howto NULL
#define elf_info_to_howto_rel m68hc11_info_to_howto_rel
#define elf_backend_check_relocs elf32_m68hc11_check_relocs
#define elf_backend_relocate_section elf32_m68hc11_relocate_section
#define elf_backend_object_p m68hc12_elf_set_mach_from_flags
#define elf_backend_can_gc_sections 1
#define elf_backend_special_sections elf32_m68hc12_special_sections
#define elf_backend_init_file_header elf32_m68hc11_init_file_header
#define elf_backend_add_symbol_hook elf32_m68hc11_add_symbol_hook
#define elf_backend_merge_symbol_attribute elf32_m68hc11_merge_symbol_attribute
#define bfd_elf32_bfd_link_hash_table_create \
m68hc12_elf_bfd_link_hash_table_create
#define bfd_elf32_bfd_merge_private_bfd_data \
_bfd_m68hc11_elf_merge_private_bfd_data
#define bfd_elf32_bfd_set_private_flags _bfd_m68hc11_elf_set_private_flags
#define bfd_elf32_bfd_print_private_bfd_data \
_bfd_m68hc11_elf_print_private_bfd_data
#include "elf32-target.h"
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