binutils-gdb/gas/config/tc-i386.h

/* tc-i386.h -- Header file for tc-i386.c
   Copyright (C) 1989, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000
   Free Software Foundation.

   This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.

   GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
   Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
   02111-1307, USA.  */

#ifndef TC_I386
#define TC_I386 1

#ifdef ANSI_PROTOTYPES
struct fix;
#endif

#define TARGET_BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN	0

#ifdef TE_LYNX
#define TARGET_FORMAT		"coff-i386-lynx"
#endif

#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
/* This is used to determine relocation types in tc-i386.c.  The first
   parameter is the current relocation type, the second one is the desired
   type.  The idea is that if the original type is already some kind of PIC
   relocation, we leave it alone, otherwise we give it the desired type */

#define tc_fix_adjustable(X)  tc_i386_fix_adjustable(X)
extern int tc_i386_fix_adjustable PARAMS ((struct fix *));

#if (defined (OBJ_MAYBE_ELF) || defined (OBJ_ELF) || defined (OBJ_MAYBE_COFF) || defined (OBJ_COFF)) && !defined (TE_PE)
/* This arranges for gas/write.c to not apply a relocation if
   tc_fix_adjustable() says it is not adjustable.
   The "! symbol_used_in_reloc_p" test is there specifically to cover
   the case of non-global symbols in linkonce sections.  It's the
   generally correct thing to do though;  If a reloc is going to be
   emitted against a symbol then we don't want to adjust the fixup by
   applying the reloc during assembly.  The reloc will be applied by
   the linker during final link.  */
#define TC_FIX_ADJUSTABLE(fixP) \
  (! symbol_used_in_reloc_p ((fixP)->fx_addsy) && tc_fix_adjustable (fixP))
#endif

/* This is the relocation type for direct references to GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE.
 * It comes up in complicated expressions such as
 * _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+[.-.L284], which cannot be expressed normally with
 * the regular expressions.  The fixup specified here when used at runtime
 * implies that we should add the address of the GOT to the specified location,
 * and as a result we have simplified the expression into something we can use.
 */
#define TC_RELOC_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE BFD_RELOC_386_GOTPC

/* This expression evaluates to false if the relocation is for a local object
   for which we still want to do the relocation at runtime.  True if we
   are willing to perform this relocation while building the .o file.
   This is only used for pcrel relocations, so GOTOFF does not need to be
   checked here.  I am not sure if some of the others are ever used with
   pcrel, but it is easier to be safe than sorry.  */

#define TC_RELOC_RTSYM_LOC_FIXUP(FIX)				\
  ((FIX)->fx_r_type != BFD_RELOC_386_PLT32			\
   && (FIX)->fx_r_type != BFD_RELOC_386_GOT32			\
   && (FIX)->fx_r_type != BFD_RELOC_386_GOTPC			\
   && ((FIX)->fx_addsy == NULL					\
       || (! S_IS_EXTERNAL ((FIX)->fx_addsy)			\
	   && ! S_IS_WEAK ((FIX)->fx_addsy)			\
	   && S_IS_DEFINED ((FIX)->fx_addsy)			\
	   && ! S_IS_COMMON ((FIX)->fx_addsy))))

#define TARGET_ARCH		bfd_arch_i386

#ifdef TE_NetBSD
#define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT	"a.out-i386-netbsd"
#endif
#ifdef TE_386BSD
#define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT	"a.out-i386-bsd"
#endif
#ifdef TE_LINUX
#define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT	"a.out-i386-linux"
#endif
#ifdef TE_Mach
#define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT	"a.out-mach3"
#endif
#ifdef TE_DYNIX
#define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT	"a.out-i386-dynix"
#endif
#ifndef AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT
#define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT	"a.out-i386"
#endif

#if ((defined (OBJ_MAYBE_COFF) && defined (OBJ_MAYBE_AOUT)) \
     || defined (OBJ_ELF) || defined (OBJ_MAYBE_ELF))
extern const char *i386_target_format PARAMS ((void));
#define TARGET_FORMAT i386_target_format ()
#else
#ifdef OBJ_ELF
#define TARGET_FORMAT		"elf32-i386"
#endif
#ifdef OBJ_AOUT
#define TARGET_FORMAT		AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT
#endif
#endif

#else /* ! BFD_ASSEMBLER */

/* COFF STUFF */

#define COFF_MAGIC I386MAGIC
#define BFD_ARCH bfd_arch_i386
#define COFF_FLAGS F_AR32WR
#define TC_COUNT_RELOC(x) ((x)->fx_addsy || (x)->fx_r_type==7)
#define TC_COFF_FIX2RTYPE(fixP) tc_coff_fix2rtype(fixP)
extern short tc_coff_fix2rtype PARAMS ((struct fix *));
#define TC_COFF_SIZEMACHDEP(frag) tc_coff_sizemachdep(frag)
extern int tc_coff_sizemachdep PARAMS ((fragS *frag));

#ifdef TE_GO32
/* DJGPP now expects some sections to be 2**4 aligned.  */
#define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG)						\
  ((strcmp (obj_segment_name (SEG), ".text") == 0			\
    || strcmp (obj_segment_name (SEG), ".data") == 0			\
    || strcmp (obj_segment_name (SEG), ".bss") == 0			\
    || strncmp (obj_segment_name (SEG), ".gnu.linkonce.t", 15) == 0	\
    || strncmp (obj_segment_name (SEG), ".gnu.linkonce.d", 15) == 0	\
    || strncmp (obj_segment_name (SEG), ".gnu.linkonce.r", 15) == 0)	\
   ? 4									\
   : 2)
#else
#define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG) 2
#endif

#define TC_RVA_RELOC 7
/* Need this for PIC relocations */
#define NEED_FX_R_TYPE

#ifdef TE_386BSD
/* The BSDI linker apparently rejects objects with a machine type of
   M_386 (100).  */
#define AOUT_MACHTYPE 0
#else
#define AOUT_MACHTYPE 100
#endif

#undef REVERSE_SORT_RELOCS

#endif /* ! BFD_ASSEMBLER */

#define TC_FORCE_RELOCATION(fixp) tc_i386_force_relocation(fixp)
extern int tc_i386_force_relocation PARAMS ((struct fix *));

#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
#define NO_RELOC BFD_RELOC_NONE
#else
#define NO_RELOC 0
#endif
#define tc_coff_symbol_emit_hook(a)	;	/* not used */

#ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
#ifndef OBJ_AOUT
#ifndef TE_PE
#ifndef TE_GO32
/* Local labels starts with .L */
#define LOCAL_LABEL(name) (name[0] == '.' \
		 && (name[1] == 'L' || name[1] == 'X' || name[1] == '.'))
#endif
#endif
#endif
#endif

#define LOCAL_LABELS_FB 1

#define tc_aout_pre_write_hook(x)	{;}	/* not used */
#define tc_crawl_symbol_chain(a)	{;}	/* not used */
#define tc_headers_hook(a)		{;}	/* not used */

extern const char extra_symbol_chars[];
#define tc_symbol_chars extra_symbol_chars

#define MAX_OPERANDS 3		/* max operands per insn */
#define MAX_IMMEDIATE_OPERANDS 2/* max immediates per insn (lcall, ljmp) */
#define MAX_MEMORY_OPERANDS 2	/* max memory refs per insn (string ops) */

/* Prefixes will be emitted in the order defined below.
   WAIT_PREFIX must be the first prefix since FWAIT is really is an
   instruction, and so must come before any prefixes.  */
#define WAIT_PREFIX	0
#define LOCKREP_PREFIX	1
#define ADDR_PREFIX	2
#define DATA_PREFIX	3
#define SEG_PREFIX	4
#define REX_PREFIX	5       /* must come last.  */
#define MAX_PREFIXES	6	/* max prefixes per opcode */

/* we define the syntax here (modulo base,index,scale syntax) */
#define REGISTER_PREFIX '%'
#define IMMEDIATE_PREFIX '$'
#define ABSOLUTE_PREFIX '*'

#define TWO_BYTE_OPCODE_ESCAPE 0x0f
#define NOP_OPCODE (char) 0x90

/* register numbers */
#define EBP_REG_NUM 5
#define ESP_REG_NUM 4

/* modrm_byte.regmem for twobyte escape */
#define ESCAPE_TO_TWO_BYTE_ADDRESSING ESP_REG_NUM
/* index_base_byte.index for no index register addressing */
#define NO_INDEX_REGISTER ESP_REG_NUM
/* index_base_byte.base for no base register addressing */
#define NO_BASE_REGISTER EBP_REG_NUM
#define NO_BASE_REGISTER_16 6

/* these are the instruction mnemonic suffixes.  */
#define WORD_MNEM_SUFFIX  'w'
#define BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX  'b'
#define SHORT_MNEM_SUFFIX 's'
#define LONG_MNEM_SUFFIX  'l'
#define QWORD_MNEM_SUFFIX  'q'
/* Intel Syntax */
#define LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX 'x'

/* modrm.mode = REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG when a register is in there */
#define REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG 0x3/* always = 0x3 */
#define REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_MEM (~REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG)

#define END_OF_INSN '\0'

/* Intel Syntax */
/* Values 0-4 map onto scale factor */
#define BYTE_PTR     0
#define WORD_PTR     1
#define DWORD_PTR    2
#define QWORD_PTR    3
#define XWORD_PTR    4
#define SHORT        5
#define OFFSET_FLAT  6
#define FLAT         7
#define NONE_FOUND   8

typedef struct
{
  /* instruction name sans width suffix ("mov" for movl insns) */
  char *name;

  /* how many operands */
  unsigned int operands;

  /* base_opcode is the fundamental opcode byte without optional
     prefix(es).  */
  unsigned int base_opcode;

  /* extension_opcode is the 3 bit extension for group <n> insns.
     This field is also used to store the 8-bit opcode suffix for the
     AMD 3DNow! instructions.
     If this template has no extension opcode (the usual case) use None */
  unsigned int extension_opcode;
#define None 0xffff		/* If no extension_opcode is possible.  */

  /* cpu feature flags */
  unsigned int cpu_flags;
#define Cpu086		  0x1	/* Any old cpu will do, 0 does the same */
#define Cpu186		  0x2	/* i186 or better required */
#define Cpu286		  0x4	/* i286 or better required */
#define Cpu386		  0x8	/* i386 or better required */
#define Cpu486		 0x10	/* i486 or better required */
#define Cpu586		 0x20	/* i585 or better required */
#define Cpu686		 0x40	/* i686 or better required */
#define CpuK6		 0x80	/* AMD K6 or better required*/
#define CpuAthlon	0x100	/* AMD Athlon or better required*/
#define CpuSledgehammer 0x200	/* Sledgehammer or better required */
#define CpuMMX		0x400	/* MMX support required */
#define CpuSSE		0x800	/* Streaming SIMD extensions required */
#define Cpu3dnow       0x1000	/* 3dnow! support required */
#define CpuUnknown     0x2000	/* The CPU is unknown,  be on the safe side.  */

  /* These flags are set by gas depending on the flag_code.  */
#define Cpu64	     0x4000000   /* 64bit support required  */
#define CpuNo64      0x8000000   /* Not supported in the 64bit mode  */

  /* The default value for unknown CPUs - enable all features to avoid problems.  */
#define CpuUnknownFlags (Cpu086|Cpu186|Cpu286|Cpu386|Cpu486|Cpu586|Cpu686|CpuSledgehammer|CpuMMX|CpuSSE|Cpu3dnow|CpuK6|CpuAthlon)

  /* the bits in opcode_modifier are used to generate the final opcode from
     the base_opcode.  These bits also are used to detect alternate forms of
     the same instruction */
  unsigned int opcode_modifier;

  /* opcode_modifier bits: */
#define W		   0x1	/* set if operands can be words or dwords
				   encoded the canonical way */
#define D		   0x2	/* D = 0 if Reg --> Regmem;
				   D = 1 if Regmem --> Reg:    MUST BE 0x2 */
#define Modrm		   0x4
#define FloatR		   0x8	/* src/dest swap for floats:   MUST BE 0x8 */
#define ShortForm	  0x10	/* register is in low 3 bits of opcode */
#define FloatMF		  0x20	/* FP insn memory format bit, sized by 0x4 */
#define Jump		  0x40	/* special case for jump insns.  */
#define JumpDword	  0x80  /* call and jump */
#define JumpByte	 0x100  /* loop and jecxz */
#define JumpInterSegment 0x200	/* special case for intersegment leaps/calls */
#define FloatD		 0x400	/* direction for float insns:  MUST BE 0x400 */
#define Seg2ShortForm	 0x800	/* encoding of load segment reg insns */
#define Seg3ShortForm	0x1000	/* fs/gs segment register insns.  */
#define Size16		0x2000	/* needs size prefix if in 32-bit mode */
#define Size32		0x4000	/* needs size prefix if in 16-bit mode */
#define Size64		0x8000	/* needs size prefix if in 16-bit mode */
#define IgnoreSize     0x10000  /* instruction ignores operand size prefix */
#define DefaultSize    0x20000  /* default insn size depends on mode */
#define No_bSuf	       0x40000	/* b suffix on instruction illegal */
#define No_wSuf	       0x80000	/* w suffix on instruction illegal */
#define No_lSuf	      0x100000 	/* l suffix on instruction illegal */
#define No_sSuf	      0x200000	/* s suffix on instruction illegal */
#define No_qSuf       0x400000  /* q suffix on instruction illegal */
#define No_xSuf       0x800000  /* x suffix on instruction illegal */
#define FWait	     0x1000000	/* instruction needs FWAIT */
#define IsString     0x2000000	/* quick test for string instructions */
#define regKludge    0x4000000	/* fake an extra reg operand for clr, imul */
#define IsPrefix     0x8000000	/* opcode is a prefix */
#define ImmExt	    0x10000000	/* instruction has extension in 8 bit imm */
#define NoRex64	    0x20000000  /* instruction don't need Rex64 prefix.  */
#define Rex64	    0x40000000  /* instruction require Rex64 prefix.  */
#define Ugh	    0x80000000	/* deprecated fp insn, gets a warning */

  /* operand_types[i] describes the type of operand i.  This is made
     by OR'ing together all of the possible type masks.  (e.g.
     'operand_types[i] = Reg|Imm' specifies that operand i can be
     either a register or an immediate operand.  */
  unsigned int operand_types[3];

  /* operand_types[i] bits */
  /* register */
#define Reg8		   0x1	/* 8 bit reg */
#define Reg16		   0x2	/* 16 bit reg */
#define Reg32		   0x4	/* 32 bit reg */
#define Reg64		   0x8	/* 64 bit reg */
  /* immediate */
#define Imm8		  0x10	/* 8 bit immediate */
#define Imm8S		  0x20	/* 8 bit immediate sign extended */
#define Imm16		  0x40	/* 16 bit immediate */
#define Imm32		  0x80	/* 32 bit immediate */
#define Imm32S		 0x100	/* 32 bit immediate sign extended */
#define Imm64		 0x200	/* 64 bit immediate */
#define Imm1		 0x400	/* 1 bit immediate */
  /* memory */
#define BaseIndex	 0x800
  /* Disp8,16,32 are used in different ways, depending on the
     instruction.  For jumps, they specify the size of the PC relative
     displacement, for baseindex type instructions, they specify the
     size of the offset relative to the base register, and for memory
     offset instructions such as `mov 1234,%al' they specify the size of
     the offset relative to the segment base.  */
#define Disp8		0x1000	/* 8 bit displacement */
#define Disp16		0x2000	/* 16 bit displacement */
#define Disp32		0x4000	/* 32 bit displacement */
#define Disp32S	        0x8000	/* 32 bit signed displacement */
#define Disp64	       0x10000	/* 64 bit displacement */
  /* specials */
#define InOutPortReg   0x20000	/* register to hold in/out port addr = dx */
#define ShiftCount     0x40000	/* register to hold shift cound = cl */
#define Control	       0x80000	/* Control register */
#define Debug	      0x100000	/* Debug register */
#define Test	      0x200000	/* Test register */
#define FloatReg      0x400000	/* Float register */
#define FloatAcc      0x800000	/* Float stack top %st(0) */
#define SReg2	     0x1000000	/* 2 bit segment register */
#define SReg3	     0x2000000	/* 3 bit segment register */
#define Acc	     0x4000000	/* Accumulator %al or %ax or %eax */
#define JumpAbsolute 0x8000000
#define RegMMX	    0x10000000	/* MMX register */
#define RegXMM	    0x20000000	/* XMM registers in PIII */
#define EsSeg	    0x40000000	/* String insn operand with fixed es segment */

  /* InvMem is for instructions with a modrm byte that only allow a
     general register encoding in the i.tm.mode and i.tm.regmem fields,
     eg. control reg moves.  They really ought to support a memory form,
     but don't, so we add an InvMem flag to the register operand to
     indicate that it should be encoded in the i.tm.regmem field.  */
#define InvMem	    0x80000000

#define Reg	(Reg8|Reg16|Reg32|Reg64) /* gen'l register */
#define WordReg (Reg16|Reg32|Reg64)
#define ImplicitRegister (InOutPortReg|ShiftCount|Acc|FloatAcc)
#define Imm	(Imm8|Imm8S|Imm16|Imm32S|Imm32|Imm64) /* gen'l immediate */
#define EncImm	(Imm8|Imm16|Imm32|Imm32S) /* Encodable gen'l immediate */
#define Disp	(Disp8|Disp16|Disp32|Disp32S|Disp64) /* General displacement */
#define AnyMem	(Disp8|Disp16|Disp32|Disp32S|BaseIndex|InvMem)	/* General memory */
  /* The following aliases are defined because the opcode table
     carefully specifies the allowed memory types for each instruction.
     At the moment we can only tell a memory reference size by the
     instruction suffix, so there's not much point in defining Mem8,
     Mem16, Mem32 and Mem64 opcode modifiers - We might as well just use
     the suffix directly to check memory operands.  */
#define LLongMem AnyMem		/* 64 bits (or more) */
#define LongMem AnyMem		/* 32 bit memory ref */
#define ShortMem AnyMem		/* 16 bit memory ref */
#define WordMem AnyMem		/* 16 or 32 bit memory ref */
#define ByteMem AnyMem		/* 8 bit memory ref */
}
template;

/*
  'templates' is for grouping together 'template' structures for opcodes
  of the same name.  This is only used for storing the insns in the grand
  ole hash table of insns.
  The templates themselves start at START and range up to (but not including)
  END.
  */
typedef struct
{
  const template *start;
  const template *end;
}
templates;

/* these are for register name --> number & type hash lookup */
typedef struct
{
  char *reg_name;
  unsigned int reg_type;
  unsigned int reg_flags;
#define RegRex	    0x1  /* Extended register.  */
#define RegRex64    0x2  /* Extended 8 bit register.  */
  unsigned int reg_num;
}
reg_entry;

typedef struct
{
  char *seg_name;
  unsigned int seg_prefix;
}
seg_entry;

/* 386 operand encoding bytes:  see 386 book for details of this.  */
typedef struct
{
  unsigned int regmem;	/* codes register or memory operand */
  unsigned int reg;	/* codes register operand (or extended opcode) */
  unsigned int mode;	/* how to interpret regmem & reg */
}
modrm_byte;

/* x86-64 extension prefix.  */
typedef struct
  {
    unsigned int mode64;
    unsigned int extX;		/* Used to extend modrm reg field.  */
    unsigned int extY;		/* Used to extend SIB index field.  */
    unsigned int extZ;		/* Used to extend modrm reg/mem, SIB base, modrm base fields.  */
    unsigned int empty;		/* Used to old-style byte registers to new style.  */
  }
rex_byte;

/* 386 opcode byte to code indirect addressing.  */
typedef struct
{
  unsigned base;
  unsigned index;
  unsigned scale;
}
sib_byte;

/* x86 arch names and features */
typedef struct
{
  const char *name;	/* arch name */
  unsigned int flags;	/* cpu feature flags */
}
arch_entry;

/* The name of the global offset table generated by the compiler. Allow
   this to be overridden if need be.  */
#ifndef GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_NAME
#define GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_NAME "_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_"
#endif

#ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
void i386_validate_fix PARAMS ((struct fix *));
#define TC_VALIDATE_FIX(FIXP,SEGTYPE,SKIP) i386_validate_fix(FIXP)
#endif

#endif /* TC_I386 */

#define md_operand(x)

extern const struct relax_type md_relax_table[];
#define TC_GENERIC_RELAX_TABLE md_relax_table

#define md_do_align(n, fill, len, max, around)				\
if ((n) && !need_pass_2							\
    && (!(fill) || ((char)*(fill) == (char)0x90 && (len) == 1))		\
    && subseg_text_p (now_seg))						\
  {									\
    char *p;								\
    p = frag_var (rs_align_code, 15, 1, (relax_substateT) max,		\
		  (symbolS *) 0, (offsetT) (n), (char *) 0);		\
    *p = 0x90;								\
    goto around;							\
  }

extern void i386_align_code PARAMS ((fragS *, int));

#define HANDLE_ALIGN(fragP)						\
if (fragP->fr_type == rs_align_code) 					\
  i386_align_code (fragP, (fragP->fr_next->fr_address			\
			   - fragP->fr_address				\
			   - fragP->fr_fix));

/* call md_apply_fix3 with segment instead of md_apply_fix */
#define MD_APPLY_FIX3

void i386_print_statistics PARAMS ((FILE *));
#define tc_print_statistics i386_print_statistics

#define md_number_to_chars number_to_chars_littleendian

#ifdef SCO_ELF
#define tc_init_after_args() sco_id ()
extern void sco_id PARAMS ((void));
#endif

#define DIFF_EXPR_OK    /* foo-. gets turned into PC relative relocs */