mirror of
git://git.sv.gnu.org/autoconf
synced 2024-12-09 02:10:22 +08:00
b95a1aea40
All files changed to add 2010, via 'make update-copyright'. Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
434 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
434 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
@c This file is included by autoconf.texi and is used to produce
|
|
@c the INSTALL file.
|
|
|
|
@ifclear autoconf
|
|
@firstparagraphindent insert
|
|
|
|
@unnumbered Installation Instructions
|
|
|
|
Copyright @copyright{} 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004,
|
|
2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
|
|
Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
|
|
permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright notice
|
|
and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is, without
|
|
warranty of any kind.
|
|
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
|
|
@node Basic Installation
|
|
@section Basic Installation
|
|
|
|
Briefly, the shell commands @samp{./configure; make; make install}
|
|
should configure, build, and install this package. The following
|
|
more-detailed instructions are generic; see the @file{README} file for
|
|
instructions specific to this package.
|
|
@ifclear autoconf
|
|
Some packages provide this @file{INSTALL} file but do not implement all
|
|
of the features documented below. The lack of an optional feature in a
|
|
given package is not necessarily a bug.
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
More recommendations for @acronym{GNU} packages can be found in
|
|
@ref{Makefile Conventions, , Makefile Conventions, standards,
|
|
@acronym{GNU} Coding Standards}.
|
|
|
|
The @command{configure} shell script attempts to guess correct values
|
|
for various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
|
|
those values to create a @file{Makefile} in each directory of the
|
|
package. It may also create one or more @file{.h} files containing
|
|
system-dependent definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script
|
|
@file{config.status} that you can run in the future to recreate the
|
|
current configuration, and a file @file{config.log} containing compiler
|
|
output (useful mainly for debugging @command{configure}).
|
|
|
|
It can also use an optional file (typically called @file{config.cache}
|
|
and enabled with @option{--cache-file=config.cache} or simply
|
|
@option{-C}) that saves the results of its tests to speed up
|
|
reconfiguring. Caching is disabled by default to prevent problems with
|
|
accidental use of stale cache files.
|
|
|
|
If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try to
|
|
figure out how @command{configure} could check whether to do them, and
|
|
mail diffs or instructions to the address given in the @file{README} so
|
|
they can be considered for the next release. If you are using the
|
|
cache, and at some point @file{config.cache} contains results you don't
|
|
want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
|
|
|
|
The file @file{configure.ac} (or @file{configure.in}) is used to create
|
|
@file{configure} by a program called @command{autoconf}. You need
|
|
@file{configure.ac} if you want to change it or regenerate
|
|
@file{configure} using a newer version of @command{autoconf}.
|
|
|
|
The simplest way to compile this package is:
|
|
|
|
@enumerate
|
|
@item
|
|
@command{cd} to the directory containing the package's source code and type
|
|
@samp{./configure} to configure the package for your system.
|
|
|
|
Running @command{configure} might take a while. While running, it prints some
|
|
messages telling which features it is checking for.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Type @samp{make} to compile the package.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Optionally, type @samp{make check} to run any self-tests that come with
|
|
the package, generally using the just-built uninstalled binaries.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Type @samp{make install} to install the programs and any data files and
|
|
documentation. When installing into a prefix owned by root, it is
|
|
recommended that the package be configured and built as a regular user,
|
|
and only the @samp{make install} phase executed with root privileges.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Optionally, type @samp{make installcheck} to repeat any self-tests, but
|
|
this time using the binaries in their final installed location. This
|
|
target does not install anything. Running this target as a regular
|
|
user, particularly if the prior @samp{make install} required root
|
|
privileges, verifies that the installation completed correctly.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You can remove the program binaries and object files from the source
|
|
code directory by typing @samp{make clean}. To also remove the files
|
|
that @command{configure} created (so you can compile the package for a
|
|
different kind of computer), type @samp{make distclean}. There is also
|
|
a @samp{make maintainer-clean} target, but that is intended mainly for
|
|
the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get all sorts
|
|
of other programs in order to regenerate files that came with the
|
|
distribution.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Often, you can also type @samp{make uninstall} to remove the installed
|
|
files again. In practice, not all packages have tested that
|
|
uninstallation works correctly, even though it is required by the
|
|
@acronym{GNU} Coding Standards.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Some packages, particularly those that use Automake, provide @samp{make
|
|
distcheck}, which can by used by developers to test that all other
|
|
targets like @samp{make install} and @samp{make uninstall} work
|
|
correctly. This target is generally not run by end users.
|
|
@end enumerate
|
|
|
|
@node Compilers and Options
|
|
@section Compilers and Options
|
|
|
|
Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that the
|
|
@command{configure} script does not know about. Run @samp{./configure
|
|
--help} for details on some of the pertinent environment variables.
|
|
|
|
You can give @command{configure} initial values for configuration
|
|
parameters by setting variables in the command line or in the environment.
|
|
Here is an example:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
./configure CC=c99 CFLAGS=-g LIBS=-lposix
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@xref{Defining Variables}, for more details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node Multiple Architectures
|
|
@section Compiling For Multiple Architectures
|
|
|
|
You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
|
|
same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
|
|
own directory. To do this, you can use @acronym{GNU} @command{make}.
|
|
@command{cd} to the directory where you want the object files and
|
|
executables to go and run the @command{configure} script.
|
|
@command{configure} automatically checks for the source code in the
|
|
directory that @command{configure} is in and in @file{..}. This is
|
|
known as a @dfn{VPATH} build.
|
|
|
|
With a non-@acronym{GNU} @command{make},
|
|
it is safer to compile the package for one
|
|
architecture at a time in the source code directory. After you have
|
|
installed the package for one architecture, use @samp{make distclean}
|
|
before reconfiguring for another architecture.
|
|
|
|
On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and
|
|
executables that work on multiple system types---known as @dfn{fat} or
|
|
@dfn{universal} binaries---by specifying multiple @option{-arch} options
|
|
to the compiler but only a single @option{-arch} option to the
|
|
preprocessor. Like this:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
|
|
CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
|
|
CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases, you may
|
|
have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results
|
|
using the @command{lipo} tool if you have problems.
|
|
|
|
@node Installation Names
|
|
@section Installation Names
|
|
|
|
By default, @samp{make install} installs the package's commands under
|
|
@file{/usr/local/bin}, include files under @file{/usr/local/include}, etc.
|
|
You can specify an
|
|
installation prefix other than @file{/usr/local} by giving
|
|
@command{configure} the option @option{--prefix=@var{prefix}}, where
|
|
@var{prefix} must be an absolute file name.
|
|
|
|
You can specify separate installation prefixes for architecture-specific
|
|
files and architecture-independent files. If you pass the option
|
|
@option{--exec-prefix=@var{prefix}} to @command{configure}, the
|
|
package uses @var{prefix} as the prefix for installing programs and
|
|
libraries. Documentation and other data files still use the
|
|
regular prefix.
|
|
|
|
In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give options
|
|
like @option{--bindir=@var{dir}} to specify different values for
|
|
particular kinds of files. Run @samp{configure --help} for a list of
|
|
the directories you can set and what kinds of files go in them. In
|
|
general, the default for these options is expressed in terms of
|
|
@samp{$@{prefix@}}, so that specifying just @option{--prefix} will
|
|
affect all of the other directory specifications that were not
|
|
explicitly provided.
|
|
|
|
The most portable way to affect installation locations is to pass the
|
|
correct locations to @command{configure}; however, many packages provide
|
|
one or both of the following shortcuts of passing variable assignments
|
|
to the @samp{make install} command line to change installation locations
|
|
without having to reconfigure or recompile.
|
|
|
|
The first method involves providing an override variable for each
|
|
affected directory. For example, @samp{make install
|
|
prefix=/alternate/directory} will choose an alternate location for all
|
|
directory configuration variables that were expressed in terms of
|
|
@samp{$@{prefix@}}. Any directories that were specified during
|
|
@command{configure}, but not in terms of @samp{$@{prefix@}}, must each be
|
|
overridden at install time for the entire
|
|
installation to be relocated. The approach of makefile variable
|
|
overrides for each directory variable is required by the @acronym{GNU}
|
|
Coding Standards, and ideally causes no recompilation. However, some
|
|
platforms have known limitations with the semantics of shared libraries
|
|
that end up requiring recompilation when using this method, particularly
|
|
noticeable in packages that use @acronym{GNU} Libtool.
|
|
|
|
The second method involves providing the @samp{DESTDIR} variable. For
|
|
example, @samp{make install DESTDIR=/alternate/directory} will prepend
|
|
@samp{/alternate/directory} before all installation names. The approach
|
|
of @samp{DESTDIR} overrides is not required by the @acronym{GNU} Coding
|
|
Standards, and does not work on platforms that have drive letters. On
|
|
the other hand, it does better at avoiding recompilation issues, and
|
|
works well even when some directory options were not specified in terms
|
|
of @samp{$@{prefix@}} at @command{configure} time.
|
|
|
|
@node Optional Features
|
|
@section Optional Features
|
|
|
|
If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed with
|
|
an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving @command{configure}
|
|
the option @option{--program-prefix=@var{PREFIX}} or
|
|
@option{--program-suffix=@var{SUFFIX}}.
|
|
|
|
Some packages pay attention to @option{--enable-@var{feature}} options
|
|
to @command{configure}, where @var{feature} indicates an optional part
|
|
of the package. They may also pay attention to
|
|
@option{--with-@var{package}} options, where @var{package} is something
|
|
like @samp{gnu-as} or @samp{x} (for the X Window System). The
|
|
@file{README} should mention any @option{--enable-} and @option{--with-}
|
|
options that the package recognizes.
|
|
|
|
For packages that use the X Window System, @command{configure} can
|
|
usually find the X include and library files automatically, but if it
|
|
doesn't, you can use the @command{configure} options
|
|
@option{--x-includes=@var{dir}} and @option{--x-libraries=@var{dir}} to
|
|
specify their locations.
|
|
|
|
Some packages offer the ability to configure how verbose the execution
|
|
of @command{make} will be. For these packages, running
|
|
@samp{./configure --enable-silent-rules} sets the default to minimal
|
|
output, which can be overridden with @code{make V=1}; while running
|
|
@samp{./configure --disable-silent-rules} sets the default to verbose,
|
|
which can be overridden with @code{make V=0}.
|
|
|
|
@node Particular Systems
|
|
@section Particular systems
|
|
|
|
On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU CC is
|
|
not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in order to
|
|
use an ANSI C compiler:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
./configure CC="cc -Ae -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX.
|
|
|
|
On OSF/1 a.k.a.@: Tru64, some versions of the default C compiler cannot
|
|
parse its @code{<wchar.h>} header file. The option @option{-nodtk} can be
|
|
used as a workaround. If GNU CC is not installed, it is therefore
|
|
recommended to try
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
./configure CC="cc"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
and if that doesn't work, try
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
./configure CC="cc -nodtk"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
On Solaris, don't put @code{/usr/ucb} early in your @env{PATH}. This
|
|
directory contains several dysfunctional programs; working variants
|
|
of these programs are available in @code{/usr/bin}. So, if you need
|
|
@code{/usr/ucb} in your @env{PATH}, put it @emph{after} @code{/usr/bin}.
|
|
|
|
On Haiku, software installed for all users goes in @file{/boot/common},
|
|
not @file{/usr/local}. It is recommended to use the following options:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
./configure --prefix=/boot/common
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node System Type
|
|
@section Specifying the System Type
|
|
|
|
There may be some features @command{configure} cannot figure out
|
|
automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package
|
|
will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the
|
|
@emph{same} architectures, @command{configure} can figure that out, but
|
|
if it prints a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it
|
|
the @option{--build=@var{type}} option. @var{type} can either be a
|
|
short name for the system type, such as @samp{sun4}, or a canonical name
|
|
which has the form:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@var{cpu}-@var{company}-@var{system}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
where @var{system} can have one of these forms:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@var{os}
|
|
@var{kernel}-@var{os}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
See the file @file{config.sub} for the possible values of each field.
|
|
If @file{config.sub} isn't included in this package, then this package
|
|
doesn't need to know the machine type.
|
|
|
|
If you are @emph{building} compiler tools for cross-compiling, you
|
|
should use the option @option{--target=@var{type}} to select the type of
|
|
system they will produce code for.
|
|
|
|
If you want to @emph{use} a cross compiler, that generates code for a
|
|
platform different from the build platform, you should specify the
|
|
@dfn{host} platform (i.e., that on which the generated programs will
|
|
eventually be run) with @option{--host=@var{type}}.
|
|
|
|
@node Sharing Defaults
|
|
@section Sharing Defaults
|
|
|
|
If you want to set default values for @command{configure} scripts to
|
|
share, you can create a site shell script called @file{config.site} that
|
|
gives default values for variables like @code{CC}, @code{cache_file},
|
|
and @code{prefix}. @command{configure} looks for
|
|
@file{@var{prefix}/share/config.site} if it exists, then
|
|
@file{@var{prefix}/etc/config.site} if it exists. Or, you can set the
|
|
@code{CONFIG_SITE} environment variable to the location of the site
|
|
script. A warning: not all @command{configure} scripts look for a site
|
|
script.
|
|
|
|
@node Defining Variables
|
|
@section Defining Variables
|
|
|
|
Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the
|
|
environment passed to @command{configure}. However, some packages may
|
|
run configure again during the build, and the customized values of these
|
|
variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set
|
|
them in the @command{configure} command line, using @samp{VAR=value}.
|
|
For example:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
causes the specified @command{gcc} to be used as the C compiler (unless it is
|
|
overridden in the site shell script).
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Unfortunately, this technique does not work for @env{CONFIG_SHELL} due
|
|
to an Autoconf bug. Until the bug is fixed you can use this
|
|
workaround:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash /bin/bash ./configure CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node configure Invocation
|
|
@section @command{configure} Invocation
|
|
|
|
@command{configure} recognizes the following options to control how it
|
|
operates.
|
|
|
|
@table @option
|
|
@item --help
|
|
@itemx -h
|
|
Print a summary of all of the options to @command{configure}, and exit.
|
|
|
|
@item --help=short
|
|
@itemx --help=recursive
|
|
Print a summary of the options unique to this package's
|
|
@command{configure}, and exit. The @code{short} variant lists options
|
|
used only in the top level, while the @code{recursive} variant lists
|
|
options also present in any nested packages.
|
|
|
|
@item --version
|
|
@itemx -V
|
|
Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the @command{configure}
|
|
script, and exit.
|
|
|
|
@item --cache-file=@var{file}
|
|
@cindex Cache, enabling
|
|
Enable the cache: use and save the results of the tests in @var{file},
|
|
traditionally @file{config.cache}. @var{file} defaults to
|
|
@file{/dev/null} to disable caching.
|
|
|
|
@item --config-cache
|
|
@itemx -C
|
|
Alias for @option{--cache-file=config.cache}.
|
|
|
|
@item --quiet
|
|
@itemx --silent
|
|
@itemx -q
|
|
Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To suppress
|
|
all normal output, redirect it to @file{/dev/null} (any error messages
|
|
will still be shown).
|
|
|
|
@item --srcdir=@var{dir}
|
|
Look for the package's source code in directory @var{dir}. Usually
|
|
@command{configure} can determine that directory automatically.
|
|
|
|
@item --prefix=@var{dir}
|
|
Use @var{dir} as the installation prefix. @ref{Installation Names}
|
|
for more details, including other options available for fine-tuning
|
|
the installation locations.
|
|
|
|
@item --no-create
|
|
@itemx -n
|
|
Run the configure checks, but stop before creating any output files.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
@command{configure} also accepts some other, not widely useful, options.
|
|
Run @samp{configure --help} for more details.
|
|
|
|
@c Local Variables:
|
|
@c fill-column: 72
|
|
@c ispell-local-dictionary: "american"
|
|
@c indent-tabs-mode: nil
|
|
@c whitespace-check-buffer-indent: nil
|
|
@c End:
|